One-Stop 68Ga-FAPI/18F-FDG Total-Body PET/CT Scan: More Theranostics Information Available.

Purpose: This prospective study aims to assess the feasibility of a one-stop imaging protocol using 68Ga-FAPI-04/18F-FDG dual-radiotracer with dual-low-activity for tumor imaging.

Patients And Methods: Forty patients underwent one-stop 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET (PETFAPI) and dual-radiotracer PET (PETDUAL) using a total-body PET/CT scanner with a 194-cm axial field of view. After a half-dose (0.

Eliminating the second CT scan of dual-tracer total-body PET/CT via deep learning-based image synthesis and registration.

Purpose: This study aims to develop and validate a deep learning framework designed to eliminate the second CT scan of dual-tracer total-body PET/CT imaging.

Methods: We retrospectively included three cohorts of 247 patients who underwent dual-tracer total-body PET/CT imaging on two separate days (time interval:1-11 days). Out of these, 167 underwent [Ga]Ga-DOTATATE/[F]FDG, 50 underwent [Ga]Ga-PSMA-11/[F]FDG, and 30 underwent [Ga]Ga-FAPI-04/[F]FDG.

Efficacy of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell in the treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: an animal study.

Background: Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) have great potential for treating autoimmune diseases for their immunomodulatory and tissue-regenerative abilities; however, their therapeutic role in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) remains uncertain.

Methods: 10 hUC-MSCs prepared in 200 μl PBS were intravenously administered to a systemic NMOSD model on day 10 and day 14 after immunization. Then, disease progression, immune responses, and blood-brain barrier integrity were evaluated.

Comparative benefits of Ki and SUV images in lesion detection during PET/CT imaging.

Background: Clinical application of the tracer net influx rate (Ki) imaging in PET/CT remains limited, due to a lack of evidence demonstrating the superiority of Ki images in lesion detection, and guidelines on when to utilize Ki images. This study aims to compare the benefits of Ki and standardized uptake value (SUV) images in lesion detection during PET/CT imaging. By analyzing the performance of both techniques in identifying tumor lesions, the study seeks to provide guidance for the clinical application of Ki images.

Long noncoding RNA MALAT1 as a ceRNA drives mouse fibroblast activation via the miR-335-3p/P2ry2 axis.

Fibrosis is a complex pathological process that can lead to the permanent loss of biological function, with P2ry2 playing a crucial role in this process. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to play an critically important role in the fibrotic process. However, it remains unclear whether lncRNAs can regulate fibrosis through P2ry2.

A head-to-head comparison of F-FDG PET/CT and F-FDG PET/MR in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma under different disease settings.

Objective: Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are complementary in staging of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The combination of MRI and functional imaging from PET in PET/MR is promising in NPC management. Diagnostic performance of PET/CT and PET/MR was compared in 46 patients with histologically confirmed NPC under different disease scenarios, including primary non-metastatic cases, primary metastatic cases, recurrence and/or metastasis after treatment, and post-treatment follow-up cases.

Total-body dynamic PET/CT imaging reveals kinetic distribution of [N]NH in normal organs.

Purpose: To systematically investigate kinetic metrics and metabolic trapping of [N]NH in organs.

Methods: Eleven participants performed total-body [N]NH dynamic positron emission tomography (PET). Regions of interest were drawn in organs to obtain time-to-activity curves (TACs), which were fitted with an irreversible two-tissue compartment model (2TC) to investigate constant rates K, k and k, and to calculate Ki.

The Mechanisms of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system and is a leading cause of disability in young adults. Most therapeutic strategies are based on immunosuppressant effects. However, none of the drugs showed complete remission and may result in serious adverse events such as infection.

New strategy for intraoperative phonosurgical management of recurrent laryngeal nerve infiltrated by thyroid carcinoma.

Purpose: Treating an infiltration of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) by thyroid carcinoma remains a subject of ongoing debate. Therefore, this study aims to provide a novel strategy for intraoperative phenosurgical management of RLN infiltrated by thyroid carcinoma.

Methods: Forty-two patients with thyroid carcinoma infiltrating the RLN were recruited for this study and divided into three groups.

Parametric net influx rate imaging of Ga-DOTATATE in patients with neuroendocrine tumors: assessment of lesion detectability.

Objectives: There has been developed a clinical dynamic total-body Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT imaging protocol that allows quantitative imaging of net influx rate (K). Using qualitative and quantitative analyses of clinical studies, this retrospective study aims to assess whether parametric K images improve lesion detectability.

Methods: Using a 194-cm axial field-of-view PET/CT scanner, 52 patients with neuroendocrine tumors underwent a 60-min dynamic total-body Ga-DOTATATE scan.

Interactions Between Extracellular Vesicles and Autophagy in Neuroimmune Disorders.

Neuroimmune disorders, such as multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, myasthenia gravis, and Guillain-Barré syndrome, are characterized by the dysfunction of both the immune system and the nervous system. Increasing evidence suggests that extracellular vesicles and autophagy are closely associated with the pathogenesis of these disorders. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the interactions between extracellular vesicles and autophagy in neuroimmune disorders and discuss their potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications.

Phantom study and clinical application of total-body F-FDG PET/CT imaging: How to use small voxel imaging better?

Background: Conventional PET/CT imaging reconstruction is typically performed using voxel size of 3.0-4.0 mm in three axes.

The earliest optimal timing for total-body Ga-fibroblast activation protein inhibitor-04 PET scans: an evidence-based single-centre study.

Objectives: To investigate the earliest optimal timing for positron emission tomography (PET) scans after Ga-fibroblast activation protein inhibitor-04 ([Ga]Ga-FAPI-04) injection.

Methods: This prospective study enrolled patients who underwent 60-min dynamic Ga-FAPI-04 total-body PET/CT scans; the images were reconstructed at 10-min intervals (G0-10, G10-20, G20-30, G30-40, G40-50, and G50-60), and the [Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 uptake patterns were evaluated. The standardised uptake value (SUV), liver signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and lesion-to-background ratios (LBRs) for different time windows were calculated to evaluate image quality and lesion detectability.

Dynamic total-body PET/CT imaging with reduced acquisition time shows acceptable performance in quantification of [F]FDG tumor kinetic metrics.

Purpose: To investigate the feasibility of reducing the acquisition time for continuous dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) while retaining acceptable performance in quantifying kinetic metrics of 2-[F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ([F]FDG) in tumors.

Methods: In total, 78 oncological patients underwent total-body dynamic PET imaging for ≥ 60 min, with 8, 20, and 50 patients receiving full activity (3.7 MBq/kg), half activity (1.

A single-center, multi-factor, retrospective study to improve the diagnostic accuracy of primary prostate cancer using [Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 total-body PET/CT imaging.

Purpose: To improve the diagnostic accuracy of initial detection in patients with suspected primary prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods: Eighty-four patients who underwent Gallium-68-labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen ([Ga]Ga-PSMA-11) total-body positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging before treatment in our department were enrolled. The maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) of the prostate (SUVmax-PSMA), liver (SUVmax-PSMA-L), and mediastinal blood pool (SUVmax-PSMA-M) was measured using [Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 total-body PET/CT imaging.

Comprehensive Metabolic Fingerprints Characterize Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder by Nanoparticle-Enhanced Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry.

Timely screening of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and differential diagnosis from myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein associated disorder (MOGAD) are the keys to improving the quality of life of patients. Metabolic disturbance occurs with the development of NMOSD. Still, advanced tools are required to probe the metabolic phenotype of NMOSD.

Dynamic Ga-DOTA-Tyr-octreotate positron emission tomography-computed tomography for the evaluation of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: a pilot study.

Background: Ga-DOTA-Tyr-octreotate (Ga-DOTATATE) is a radiolabeled somatostatin analog used for the diagnosis of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs), and standardized uptake value (SUV) measurements for therapeutic monitoring is recommended. However, changes in net influx rate (K) may better reflect treatment effects than may those of the SUV. The aim of this study was to investigate the value of dynamic Ga-DOTATATE positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) in the evaluation of pNETs.

Different hydration protocols for the quantification of healthy tissue uptake of half-dose F-FDG total-body positron emission tomography-computed tomography: a prospective study.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the effects of the volume and time of hydration on the quantification of healthy tissue uptake for 2-deoxy-2-[F]-fluoro-D-glucose (F-FDG) total-body positron emission tomography (PET)-computed tomography (CT) with half-dose activity.

Methods: This study prospectively enrolled 180 patients who underwent a total-body PET-CT scan 10 min after injection of a half-dose (1.85 MBq/kg) of F-FDG.

Combined early dynamic F-FDG PET/CT and conventional whole-body F-FDG PET/CT in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of early dynamic F-FDG PET/CT(ED F-FDG PET/CT) combined with conventional whole-body F-FDG PET/CT(WB F-FDG PET/CT) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), as well as the difference of early dynamic blood flow parameters and maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) in HCC patients with/without liver cirrhosis or microvascular invasion (MVI).

Methods: Twenty-two consecutive patients (mean age 57.8 years) with 28 established HCC lesions (mean size 4.

Head-to-head intra-individual comparison of total-body 2-[F]FDG PET/CT and digital PET/CT in patients with malignant tumor: how sensitive could it be?

Objectives: To comparatively evaluate the lesion-detecting ability of 2-[F]FDG total-body PET/CT (TB PET/CT) and conventional digital PET/CT.

Methods: This study enrolled 67 patients (median age, 65 years; 24 female and 43 male patients) who underwent a TB PET/CT scan and a conventional digital PET/CT scan after a single 2-[F]FDG injection (3.7 MBq/kg).

Subcutaneous and Muscle Metastases From Rectal Adenocarcinoma on 18 F-FDG PET/CT Imaging.

A 50-year-old man with T4 N2 M1 poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the rectum underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy, surgical resection, and subsequent chemotherapy. Six months after surgery, routine follow-up CT revealed the presence of abdominal wall subcutaneous nodules associated with bilateral pulmonary and renal nodules, indicating metastases. Further 18 F-FDG PET/CT scan revealed a high number of subcutaneous and muscle metastases.

The added value of F-FDG PET/MRI multimodal imaging in hepatocellular carcinoma for identifying cytokeratin 19 status.

Purpose: In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), cytokeratin 19(CK19) has been proven to be associated with clinical aggressiveness. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the added value of F-FDG PET/MRI in predicting CK19 status in HCC.

Methods: Sixty-six patients who underwent whole-body or abdominal F-FDG PET/MRI after conventional PET/CT for HCC were retrospectively enrolled.