Transfer RNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) in gastric cancer.

Transfer RNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are newly discovered noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). According to the specific cleavage of nucleases at different sites of tRNAs, the produced tsRNAs are divided into tRNA-derived stress-inducible RNAs (tiRNAs) and tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs). tRFs and tiRNAs have essential biological functions, such as mRNA stability regulation, translation regulation and epigenetic regulation, and play significant roles in the occurrence and development of various tumors.

Tumor budding as an indicator for lymph node metastasis and prognosis of early gastric cancer.

Background: Tumor budding, considered as an independent risk factor reflecting prognosis of some malignant tumors, has been recognized as an important clinicopathological indicator of colorectal carcinoma. However, the evaluation of tumor budding and its clinicopathological significance in gastric cancer remain controversial.

Aim: To investigate the relationship between tumor budding and clinical biological behavior of early gastric cancer (EGC) and assess the predictive value of tumor budding for lymph node metastasis as well as its impact on prognosis of EGC patients.

The role of circular RNA hsa_circ_0001789 as a diagnostic biomarker in gastric carcinoma.

Background: Circular RNA (circRNA) is a kind of endogenous non-coding RNAs and has shown diagnostic values in various cancers. This study aimed to explore whether hsa_circ_0001789 could be a novel biomarker for gastric cancer (GC).

Methods: Quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR was used to detect the expression of hsa_circ_0001789 in 108 paired GC and paracancerous tissues as well as in 24 paired plasma specimens.

The clinical significance of vitamin D levels and vitamin D receptor mRNA expression in colorectal neoplasms.

Background/aim: This study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of changes in vitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and vitamin D receptor (VDR) mRNA expression in colorectal adenoma development.

Methods: Plasma concentrations of 25(OH)D and mRNA expression of VDR in tissues were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), respectively. In addition, the concentration of plasma 25(OH)D and levels of VDR mRNA in tissues were compared among healthy individuals and adenoma and adenocarcinoma patients.

Reduced expression of circRNA hsa_circ_001888 in gastric cancer and its clinical significance.

Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel family of endogenous RNAs. Recent studies have demonstrated that circRNAs are potential novel biomarkers for diagnosing cancers. However, little is known about the role of circRNAs in gastric cancer (GC).

Hsa_circ_0001696 modulates cell proliferation and migration in colorectal cancer.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel class of endogenous non-coding RNA molecules that are extensively expressed in a variety of species. Recently, increasing evidence suggests that circRNAs have vital functions indifferent types of human cancer, such as gastric cancer, papillary thyroid cancer and lung cancer. However, the roles of circRNAs in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) remain unclear.

Effects of aspirin on the gastrointestinal tract: Pros vs. cons.

Acetylsalicylic acid, also known as aspirin, is often used in clinical antipyretic, analgesic and antiplatelet therapy. Aspirin can cause numerous side effects in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, ranging from unpleasant GI symptoms without gastric mucosal lesions to ulcer bleeding and even death. However, recent studies have found that aspirin can significantly prevent GI tumors.

Carbonic anhydrase IV inhibits cell proliferation in gastric cancer by regulating the cell cycle.

Carbonic anhydrase IV (CA4) is silenced in colorectal cancer. However, the effect of CA4 on the development of gastric cancer (GC) is poorly understood. The present study aimed to determine the role of CA4 in GC tumorigenesis and its underlying molecular mechanism.

Zenker's diverticulum treated with submucosal tunneling endoscopic septum division surgery: Two case reports.

Introduction: Zenker's diverticulum (ZD) refers to a pouch-like structure similar to the esophageal lumen formed from the herniation of the esophageal mucosa; this structure makes it difficult for food to pass through the esophagus to the stomach. The development of endoscopic technology has made minimally invasive surgical treatments for ZD possible.

Patient Concerns: A female 72-year-old patient was admitted to our hospital due to recurrent dysphagia for more than 5 years.

Circular RNAs: an emerging landscape in tumor metastasis.

Circular RNAs (CircRNAs), the endogenous long noncoding RNAs, unlike linear RNAs, are structurally continuous, covalently closed loops without 5' cap or 3' polyadenylated tail. High-throughput RNA sequencing has enabled the discovery of several endogenous circRNAs in different species and tissues. The circRNAs mainly act as sponges to cytoplasmic microRNA, aid in protein translation, or interact with RNA-binding proteins to generate RNA-protein complexes which control transcription.

The emerging role of circular RNAs in gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer (GC) ranks as the fourth most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a new class of long noncoding RNAs characterized by a single-stranded covalently closed loop structure. Emerging evidence reveals the essential function of circRNAs in the occurrence and development of human diseases.

Long non-coding RNAs involved in metastasis of gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most frequently diagnosed malignant diseases. The molecular mechanisms of metastasis remain unclear. Recently, studies have shown that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in metastasis.

Early-life exposure to three size-fractionated ultrafine and fine atmospheric particulates in Beijing exacerbates asthma development in mature mice.

Background: Epidemiological studies have suggested that elevated levels of air pollution contribute to an increased incidence or severity of asthma. Although late-onset adult asthma seems to be more attributable to environmental risk factors, limited data is available on the impact of early-life exposure to size-fractionated ambient particulate matter (PM) on asthma in adults. We aimed to determine the effect on the development and exacerbation of asthma in the adult after the mice were exposed as juveniles to three size-fractionated ambient particulates collected from Beijing.

Early diagnostic potential of hypermethylation in esophageal cancer.

Background: The hypermethylation of APC gene is observed in various cancers, including esophageal cancer (EC). However, the association between APC methylation and the initiation and progression of EC is poorly understood.

Purpose And Methods: The current study systematically reviewed studies on abnormal methylation of APC in EC and quantitatively synthesized 18 studies by meta-analysis involving 1008 ECs, 570 Barrett's esophagus (BE), and 782 controls.

Nurse Participation in Colonoscopy Observation versus the Colonoscopist Alone for Polyp and Adenoma Detection: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized, Controlled Trials.

The role of nurse participation (NP) in colonoscopy observation for polyp and adenoma detection is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate whether nurse participation can improve polyp and adenoma detection. Patients and Methods.

The functional sites of miRNAs and lncRNAs in gastric carcinogenesis.

Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant diseases and has one of the highest mortality rates worldwide. Its molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. Recently, the functions of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in gastric cancer have attracted wide attention.

Long non-coding RNA profiling in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and its clinical significance: potential biomarkers for LSCC.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are novel transcripts that may play important roles in cancer. Our study aimed to resolve the lncRNA profile of larynx squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and to determine its clinical significance. The global lncRNA expression profile in LSCC tissues was measured by lncRNA microarray.

Significance of estrogen receptor subtypes in breast tumorigenesis and progression.

The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of estrogen receptor (ER) subtypes (ERα and ERβ) on breast cancer development and progression. The expression level of ERα and ERβ in breast cancer tissues and paired normal breast tissues were detected by Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. The features of ERα and ERβ status in cancer tissues or normal breast tissues and the correlations between clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis were analyzed.

lncRNA-AC130710 targeting by miR-129-5p is upregulated in gastric cancer and associates with poor prognosis.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in cancer occurrence and development. However, there is largely unknown about lncRNAs significance in the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer. In our study, we focused on AC130710, one of lncRNAs.

Association of P2Y12 gene promoter DNA methylation with the risk of clopidogrel resistance in coronary artery disease patients.

Background: Clopidogrel inhibits the ADP receptor P2Y12 to keep down the platelet aggregation. The goal of our study is to investigate the contribution of P2Y12 promoter DNA methylation to the risk of clopidogrel resistance (CR).

Methods: The platelet functions were measured by the VerifyNow P2Y12 assay.

Increased expression of long intergenic non-coding RNA LINC00152 in gastric cancer and its clinical significance.

It has been known that differential expression of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plays critical roles in carcinogenesis. However, the significance of lncRNA, especially long intergenic ncRNA (lincRNA, the main type of lncRNA family), in the diagnosis of gastric cancer is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the expression level of LINC00152, a newfound lincRNA, in gastric carcinoma and its clinical association.

Long non-coding RNA expression profile in human gastric cancer and its clinical significances.

Background: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are prevalently transcribed in the genome yet their potential roles in human cancers are not well understood. The aim of the present study was to determine the lncRNA expression profile in gastric cancer and its potential clinical value.

Methods: The global lncRNA expression profile in gastric cancer was measured by lncRNA microarray.