Urinary extracellular vesicle N-glycomics identifies diagnostic glycosignatures for bladder cancer.

Bladder cancer (BC) is the most common urologic malignancy, facing enormous diagnostic challenges. Urinary extracellular vesicles (EVs) are promising source for developing diagnostic markers for bladder cancer because of the direct contact between urine and bladder. This study pioneers urinary EV N-glycomics for bladder cancer diagnosis.

Phosphoproteomics profiling of sorafenib-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma patient-derived xenografts reveals potential therapeutic strategies.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common form of primary liver cancer with poor prognosis. Sorafenib, a first-line treatment for advanced HCC, has shown limited clinical benefits due to the onset of drug resistance. Thus, it is imperative to comprehend the mechanisms underlying sorafenib resistance and explore strategies to overcome or delay it.

-GlcNAcylation of Focal Adhesion Kinase Regulates Cell Adhesion, Migration, and Proliferation via the FAK/AKT Pathway.

Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase pivotal in cellular signal transduction, regulating cell adhesion, migration, growth, and survival. However, the regulatory mechanisms of FAK during tumorigenesis and progression still need to be fully understood. Our previous study demonstrated that -GlcNAcylation regulates integrin-mediated cell adhesion.

Plasma metabolite profiles related to dietary patterns: exploring the association with colorectal tumor risk.

Background: Multiple diet patterns play a crucial role in the development of colorectal cancer and its precursor, colorectal adenoma, but mediating effect of plasma metabolite profiles is unclear.

Methods: A total of 95,275 participants from UK Biobank with plasma metabolomics and dietary information were analyzed. Metabolite profile scores for 14 dietary patterns were estimated through elastic net regression.

Strong Silkworm Silk Fibers through CNT-Feeding and Forced Reeling.

High-performance silk fibers, with their eco-friendly degradability and renewability, have long captivated researchers as an alternative to synthetic fibers. Spider dragline silk, renowned for its exceptional strength (>1 GPa), has an extremely low yield, hindering its widespread use. While domesticated silkworms (Bombyx mori) can produce silk fibers industrially, their moderate strength (≈0.

Complete genome sequence of LK-18 isolated from tail-rotted .

Isolated from tail-rotted , the pathogenic bacterium LK-18 features two circular chromosomes: chromosome I (2,895,335 bp) and chromosome II (1,175,190 bp). The genome includes 3,522 open reading frames, 100 tRNA genes, and 31 rRNA genes, and it harbors the cytolysin and chitinase genes.

Ultrafast and Chemoselective Biotinylation of Living Cell Surfaces for Time-Resolved Surfaceome Analysis.

Cell surface proteins participate in many important biological processes, such as cell-to-cell interaction, signal transduction, cell adhesion, and protein transportation. In-depth study of the cell surface protein group is of great significance. Nevertheless, detection and analysis of the surfaceome remain a significant challenge due to their low abundance and hydrophobicity.

ST3GAL1 Promotes Malignant Phenotypes in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma.

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) has a poor prognosis, and elucidation of the molecular mechanisms underlying iCCA malignancy is of great significance. Glycosylation, an important post-translational modification, is closely associated with tumor progression. Altered glycosylation, including aberrant sialylation resulting from abnormal expression of sialyltransferases (STs) and neuraminidases (NEUs), is a significant feature of cancer cells.

Associations of dietary patterns with risk of gastrointestinal disorders: a prospective cohort study.

Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders are highly prevalent and severely diminish life quality. It is yet unknown which dietary pattern is optimal for the prevention of GI disorders. Among 141 450 participants from UK Biobank with a median follow-up of 15 years, we comprehensively assessed 13 dietary patterns in relation to 6 GI disorders.

A Versatile One-Step Enzymatic Strategy for Efficient Imaging and Mapping of Tumor-Associated Tn Antigen.

Tn antigen (CD175), recognized as the precursor monosaccharide (α-GalNAc) of mucin O-glycan, is a well-known tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen (TACA). It has emerged as a potential biomarker for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. However, the role it plays in cancer biology remains elusive due to the absence of a sensitive and selective detection method.

Glyco-signatures in patients with advanced lung cancer during anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting programmed cell death 1/programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-1/PD-L1) have significantly prolonged the survival of advanced/metastatic patients with lung cancer. However, only a small proportion of patients can benefit from ICIs, and clinical management of the treatment process remains challenging. Glycosylation has added a new dimension to advance our understanding of tumor immunity and immunotherapy.

A rapid and convenient sample treatment method based on the dissolvable polyacrylamide gel for -acylation proteomics.

Protein -acylation is an important lipid modification and plays a series of biological functions. As a classic proteomic method for -acylated proteome analysis, the acyl-biotin exchange and its derivative methods are known to be very labour-intensive and time-consuming all the time, and will result in significant sample loss. Multiple methanol-chloroform precipitations are involved in order to remove the substances that would interfere with enrichment and identification including detergents, the residual reduction and alkylation reagents.

A high-performance, sensitive, low-cost LIG/PDMS strain sensor for impact damage monitoring and localization in composite structures.

Health monitoring of composite structures in aircraft is critical, as these structures are commonly utilized in weight-sensitive areas and innovative designs that directly impact flight safety and reliability. Traditional monitoring methods have limitations in monitoring area, strain limit, and signal processing. In this paper, a multifunctional sensor has been developed using acid-treated laser-induced graphene (A-LIG) with a multi-layer three-dimensional conductive network.

Global analysis of N-myristoylation and its heterogeneity by combining N-terminomics and nanographite fluoride-based solid-phase extraction.

N-myristoylation is one of the most widespread and important lipidation in eukaryotes and some prokaryotes, which is formed by covalently attaching various fatty acids (predominantly myristic acid C14:0) to the N-terminal glycine of proteins. Disorder of N-myristoylation is critically implicated in numerous physiological and pathological processes. Here, we presented a method for purification and comprehensive characterization of endogenous, intact N-glycine lipid-acylated peptides, which combined the negative selection method for N-terminome and the nanographite fluoride-based solid-phase extraction method (NeS-nGF SPE).

Generation of a Deep Mouse Brain Spectral Library for Transmembrane Proteome Profiling in Mental Disease Models.

Transmembrane (TM) proteins constitute over 30% of the mammalian proteome and play essential roles in mediating cell-cell communication, synaptic transmission, and plasticity in the central nervous system. Many of these proteins, especially the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), are validated or candidate drug targets for therapeutic development for mental diseases, yet their expression profiles are underrepresented in most global proteomic studies. Herein, we establish a brain TM protein-enriched spectral library based on 136 data-dependent acquisition runs acquired from various brain regions of both naïve mice and mental disease models.

O-GlycoIsoQuant: A Novel O-Glycome Quantitative Approach through Superbase Release and Isotopic Girard's P Labeling.

Quantitative glycosylation analysis serves as an effective tool for detecting changes in glycosylation patterns in cancer and various diseases. However, compared with N-glycans, O-glycans present challenges in both qualitative and quantitative mass spectrometry analysis due to their low abundance, ease of peeling, lack of a universal enzyme, and difficult accessibility. To address this challenge, we developed O-GlycoIsoQuant, a novel O-glycome quantitative approach utilizing superbase release and isotopic Girard's P labeling.

Intelligent perceptual textiles based on ionic-conductive and strong silk fibers.

Endowing textiles with perceptual function, similar to human skin, is crucial for the development of next-generation smart wearables. To date, the creation of perceptual textiles capable of sensing potential dangers and accurately pinpointing finger touch remains elusive. In this study, we present the design and fabrication of intelligent perceptual textiles capable of electrically responding to external dangers and precisely detecting human touch, based on conductive silk fibroin-based ionic hydrogel (SIH) fibers.

A comprehensive N-glycome map of porcine sperm membrane before and after capacitation.

Mapping the N-glycome of porcine sperm before and after sperm capacitation is important for understanding the rearrangement of glycoconjugates during capacitation. In this work, we characterized the N-glycome on the membranes of 18 pairs of fresh porcine sperm before capacitation and porcine sperm after capacitation by MALDI-MS (Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry). A total of 377 N-glycans were detected and a comprehensive N-glycome map of porcine sperm membranes before and after capacitation was generated, which presents the largest N-glycome dataset of porcine sperm cell membranes.

A chemical proteomics approach for global mapping of functional lysines on cell surface of living cell.

Cell surface proteins are responsible for many crucial physiological roles, and they are also the major category of drug targets as the majority of therapeutics target membrane proteins on the surface of cells to alter cellular signaling. Despite its great significance, ligand discovery against membrane proteins has posed a great challenge mainly due to the special property of their natural habitat. Here, we design a new chemical proteomic probe OPA-S-S-alkyne that can efficiently and selectively target the lysines exposed on the cell surface and develop a chemical proteomics strategy for global analysis of surface functionality (GASF) in living cells.