Synthesis of cellulose adipate derivatives.

Cellulose esters containing adipates and other ester groups are synthesized by the reaction of commercially available cellulose esters in solution with the benzyl monoester of adipoyl chloride. The products, cellulose adipate esters in which the distal end of the adipate moiety is a benzyl ester, were easily converted to cellulose adipate derivatives by Pd-catalyzed hydrogenation. These cellulose adipate derivatives are promising biopolymers for drug delivery and other applications in which water-dispersion or swelling are desired.

Evaluation of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG using an Escherichia coli K88 model of piglet diarrhoea: Effects on diarrhoea incidence, faecal microflora and immune responses.

Probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) has been demonstrated to adhere to pig intestinal mucus, and is able to displace and inhibit pathogens, including Escherichia coli (E. coli), in vitro. However, currently there are few data concerning the effects of LGG on piglet health.

[Mechanism of the influence of CCE3 on bone mineral element metabolism in ovariectomized rats].

Aim: To investigate the influence of CCE3 on bone mineral element metabolism and relative hormone in ovariectomized rats.

Methods: 24 female SD rats were divided randomly into 4 groups (n = 6): (1) Normal control; (2) sham ovariectomy; (3) ovariectomy(OVX); (4) OVX + CCE3.

Results: (1) Ca, Mg, S, Co, Mn, Zn reduced obviously and P increased in the bone of the OVX rats.

[Evaluation of visceral adipose in abdominal obesity and its clinical application].

Objective: To compare the values of measurements of obesity, including body mass index(BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), bioelectrical impedance analyzer(BIA) (fat mass and FAT%), ultrasonography (US) (subcutaneous fat distance and intraabdominal fat distance), and computed tomography (CT) in predicting the quantification of visceral adipose in abdominal obesity, and to evaluate the best cut-off point, sensitivity and specificity of these methods.

Methods: 4,301 inpatients with hypertension, 2,155 males and 2,146 females, aged (56.4 +/- 13.

[Relationship of different types of abdominal obesity to risk of metabolic syndrome].

Objective: To explore the relationship of different types of abdominal obesity to risk of metabolic syndrome (MS).

Methods: Visceral fat area (VA) and substantial fat area (SA) were assessed by CT in 846 patients, 470 males and 376 females, aged 55 +/- 12, who suffered from at least one cardiometabolic risk factor and divided into 4 groups according to their VA and waist circumference (WC): non-obesity, masked visceral fat obesity (VFO), pseudo-VFO, and VFO groups. Blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, fasting serum insulin, and lipid profile were also measured.

[Relationship between abdominal obesity and left ventricular weight/function].

Objective: To observe the relationship between abdominal obesity and left ventricular weight/function.

Methods: A total of 495 patients [265 males, mean age (55 +/- 12) years] with hypertension (139), diabetes (65), metabolic syndrome (285), diabetes complicated with hypertension (11) were enrolled in this study. Visceral adipose area (VA), the subcutaneous adipose (SA), the total abdominal adipose (TA) were measured by computerized tomography (CT) and left ventricular weight and function were obtained by echocardiography.

[The effect of hypothalamic arcuate nucleus damaged by monosodium glutamate on skeleton in rat].

Aim: To explore the effect of hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) on the skeleton in rat.

Methods: Newborn SD rats were injected by 10% MSG 4 g/kg hypodermically once every other day until the 10th day postnatally, meanwhile, the newborn rats in control group were given by equal volume of normal saline. After surviving for 200 days, 6 female rats in each group were killed and their hypothalami were made into sections (4 microm) and stained with HE.

[Effect of exercise on bone mineral element metabolism and relative hormones in ovariectomized rats].

Aim: To investigate the effect of exercise on bone mineral element metabolism and relative hormones in ovariectomized rats.

Methods: 24 female SD rats were divided randomly into 4 groups: (1) normal control, (2) sham ovariectomy, (3) ovariectomy (OVX), (4) OVX + exercise.

Results: (1) Ca, Mg, S,Co,Mn, Zn reduced obviously and P increases in bone of the OVX rats.