Comparing the outcomes of MR-based versus CT-based tumor delineation in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with hypo-fractionated radiotherapy and concurrent chemotherapy.

Background: Delineating gross tumor volume (GTV) using computed tomography (CT) imaging is the standard for lung cancer contouring, but discrepancies among observers compromise accuracy and reliability. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides superior soft-tissue resolution compared to CT, thus, we design this retrospective study to compare the treatment outcomes of magnetic resonance-based (MR-based) and CT-based tumor delineation in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC) patients treated with hypo-fractionated concurrent chemoradiotherapy (hypo-CCRT).

Methods: A total of 293 LA-NSCLC patients treated with hypo-CCRT from three trials between October 2015 and October 2020 were screened.

Acquisition and reconstruction with motion suppression DWI enhance image quality in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients: Non-echo-planar DWI comparison with single-shot echo-planar DWI.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of application acquisition and reconstruction with motion suppression (ARMS) technology on improving the image quality of diffusion-weighted Imaging (DWI) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), compared to single-shot echo-planar imaging (SS-EPI).

Methods: A total of 90 patients with NPC underwent MR examination, including ARMS DWI and SS-EPI DWI sequences. Both DWI sequences were acquired with b-values 0 and 800 s/mm.

Erratum to "Pt-Se Hybrid Nanozymes with Potent Catalytic Activities to Scavenge ROS/RONS and Regulate Macrophage Polarization for Osteoarthritis Therapy".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.34133/research.0310.

Construction of mitochondrial-targeting nano-prodrug for enhanced Rhein delivery and treatment for osteoarthritis in vitro.

Rhein, a natural anthraquinone compound derived from traditional Chinese medicine, exhibits potent anti-inflammatory properties via modulating the level of Reactive oxygen or nitrogen species (RONS). Nevertheless, its limited solubility in water, brief duration of plasma presence, as well as its significant systemic toxicity, pose obstacles to its in vivo usage, necessitating the creation of a reliable drug delivery platform to circumvent these difficulties. In this study, an esterase-responsive and mitochondria-targeted nano-prodrug was synthesized by conjugating Rhein with the polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified triphenyl phosphonium (TPP) molecule, forming TPP-PEG-RH, which could spontaneously self-assemble into RPT NPs when dispersed in aqueous media.

Correlation of K derived from dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI with treatment response and survival in locally advanced NSCLC patients undergoing induction immunochemotherapy and concurrent chemoradiotherapy.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of pretreatment dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI parameters concerning tumor response following induction immunochemotherapy and survival outcomes in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who underwent immunotherapy-based multimodal treatments.

Material And Methods: Unresectable stage III NSCLC patients treated by induction immunochemotherapy, concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) with or without consolidative immunotherapy from two prospective clinical trials were screened. Using the two-compartment Extend Tofts model, the parameters including K, K, V, and V were calculated from DCE-MRI data.

Pt-Se Hybrid Nanozymes with Potent Catalytic Activities to Scavenge ROS/RONS and Regulate Macrophage Polarization for Osteoarthritis Therapy.

The activation of pro-inflammatory M1-type macrophages by overexpression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RONS) in synovial membranes contributes to osteoarthritis (OA) progression and cartilage matrix degradation. Here, combing Pt and Se with potent catalytic activities, we developed a hybrid Pt-Se nanozymes as ROS and RONS scavengers to exert synergistic effects for OA therapy. As a result, Pt-Se nanozymes exhibited efficient scavenging effect on ROS and RONS levels, leading to repolarization of M1-type macrophages.

Safety and effects of a home-based Tai Chi exercise rehabilitation program in patients with chronic heart failure: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Chronic heart failure (CHF), as the final stage of the progression of many cardiovascular disorders, is one of the main causes of hospitalization and death in the elderly and has a substantial impact on patients' quality of life (QOL). Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) has been shown to considerably enhance QOL and prognosis. Given the barriers to center-based CR faced by most developing countries in the form of expensive instruments, the development of home-based CR is necessary.

Identification and analysis of differential miRNA-mRNA interactions in coronary heart disease: an experimental screening approach.

Objective: This aim of this study is to screen the differential molecules of kidney deficiency and blood stasis (KDBS) syndrome in coronary heart disease by high-throughput sequencing. In addition, the study aims to verify the alterations in the expression levels of miR-4685-3p and its regulated downstream, namely, C1QC, C4, and C5, using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and to determine whether the complement and coagulation cascade pathway is the specific pathogenic pathway.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with unstable angina pectoris with KDBS syndrome, patients with non-kidney deficiency blood stasis (NKDBS) syndrome, and a Normal group were recruited.

Intensive cycles of neoadjuvant camrelizumab combined with chemotherapy in locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a single-arm, phase II trial.

Background: Two cycles of neoadjuvant PD-1 blockade plus chemotherapy induced favorable pathological response and tolerant toxicity in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, approximately 25% of patients relapsed within 1 year after surgery, indicating that a short course of treatment may not be sufficient. Therefore, exploring the effects of intensive treatment is needed for optimal clinical outcomes.

AI-assisted compressed sensing and parallel imaging sequences for MRI of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: comparison of their capabilities in terms of examination time and image quality.

Objective: To compare examination time and image quality between artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted compressed sensing (ACS) technique and parallel imaging (PI) technique in MRI of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Methods: Sixty-six patients with pathologically confirmed NPC underwent nasopharynx and neck examination using a 3.0-T MRI system.

Are more courses of immunochemotherapy beneficial for the short-term outcome of locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma?

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) monotherapy and neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy have shown promising results in esophageal carcinoma. However, it is still unclear whether more courses of immunochemotherapy are therapeutically better. We aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of three courses of neoadjuvant treatment for patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

The investigation of reduced field-of-view diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: comparison with conventional DWI.

Background: Field-of-view optimized and constrained undistorted single-shot imaging (FOCUS) is a new sequence that shows enhanced anatomical details, improving the diffusion-weighted (DW) images.

Purpose: To investigate the value of FOCUS diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the evaluation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and compare it with the single-shot echo planner imaging (SS-EPI) DWI approach.

Material And Methods: A total of 87 patients with NPC underwent magnetic resonance imaging, including FOCUS and SS-EPI DWI sequences.

An exploratory analysis of MR-guided fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy in patients with brain metastases.

Purpose: To assess the feasibility and potential benefits of online adaptive MR-guided fractionated stereotatic radiotherapy (FSRT) in patients with brain metastases (BMs).

Methods And Materials: Twenty-eight consecutive patients with BMs were treated with FSRT of 30 Gy in 5 fractions on the 1.5 T MR-Linac.

Exploring the "gene-protein-metabolite" network of coronary heart disease with phlegm and blood stasis syndrome by integrated multi-omics strategy.

According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, phlegm and blood stasis (PBS) is the pathological basis for coronary heart disease (CHD). This study aimed to explore the biological basis of PBS syndrome in CHD. Using a strategy that integrated RNA-seq, DIA-based proteomics, and untargeted metabolomics on 90 clinic samples, we constructed a "gene-protein-metabolite" network for CHD-PBS syndrome.

Application of synthetic magnetic resonance imaging and DWI for evaluation of prognostic factors in cervical carcinoma: a prospective preliminary study.

Objectives: To determine the values of quantitative metrics derived from synthetic MRI (SyMRI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in evaluating the prognostic factors of cervical carcinoma (CC).

Methods: In this prospective study, 74 patients with pathologically confirmed CC were enrolled. Pretreatment quantitative metrics including T, T and ADC values were obtained from SyMRI and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequences.

Knowledge Mapping of Multicriteria Decision Analysis in Healthcare: A Bibliometric Analysis.

Objective: Multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) is a useful tool in complex decision-making situations, and has been used in medical fields to evaluate treatment options and drug selection. This study aims to provide valuable insights into MCDA in healthcare through examining the research focus of existing studies, major fields, major applications, most productive authors and countries, and most common journals in the domain.

Methods: A bibliometric analysis was conducted on the publication related to MCDA in healthcare from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database on 14 July 2021.

Longitudinal study of irradiation-induced brain functional network alterations in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background: To investigate radiotherapy (RT)-related brain network changes in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) over time and develop least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)-based multivariable normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) models to predict RT-related brain network changes.

Methods: 36 NPC patients were followed up at four timepoints: baseline, within 3 months (acute), 6 months (subacute), and 12 months (delayed) post-RT. 15 comparable healthy controls (HCs) were finally included and followed up in parallel.

Divergent white matter changes in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma post-radiotherapy with different outcomes: a potential biomarker for prediction of radiation necrosis.

Objectives: To investigate the effects of standard radiotherapy on temporal white matter (WM) and its relationship with radiation necrosis (RN) in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), and to determine the predictive value of WM volume alterations at the early stage for RN occurrence at the late-delay stage.

Methods: Seventy-four treatment-naive NPC patients treated with standard radiotherapy were longitudinally followed up for 36 months. Structural MRIs were collected at multiple time points during the first year post-radiotherapy.

Tumor response evaluation by combined modalities of chest magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer after concurrent chemoradiotherapy.

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the role of a modified criteria for assessing tumor response to concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC), using the combined modalities of anatomical and functional MRI and CT.

Materials And Methods: One hundred and fifty-three patients with LA-NSCLC who underwent CCRT with continuous chest MRI and CT follow-up were analyzed. The tumor response to CCRT was evaluated two months after the completion of CCRT.

Neoadjuvant programmed death-1 blockade plus chemotherapy in locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Immunotherapy is effective in treating unresectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), but little is known about its role in the preoperative setting. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety, feasibility and efficacy of neoadjuvant treatment with camrelizumab plus chemotherapy in locally advanced ESCC.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with locally advanced ESCC were retrospectively included if they had received neoadjuvant camrelizumab plus nab-paclitaxel and S1 capsule followed by radical esophagectomy between November, 2019 and June, 2020 at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center.

Efficacy and Safety of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Until now, there is no clinically approved specific medicine to treat COVID-19. Prior systematic reviews (SRs) have shown that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) reduces the number of patients with severe disease and time to fever clearance, promotes clinical effectiveness, and improves chest images and the negativity rate of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleic acid test. Few SRs arrived at a definitive conclusion, and more randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were published.