Bisphenol A degradation by manganese oxides at circumneutral pH: Quantitative evaluation of dissolved Mn(III) species with pyrophosphate.

Although trivalent manganese (Mn(III)) species have been recognized as crucial intermediates in the degradation of organic contaminants by Mn oxides, quantitative research on their specific roles remains scarce. Our study investigated the degradation processes of an organic pollutant, Bisphenol A (BPA), by dissolved Mn(III) and Mn(III)-bearing oxides, and elucidated the differences of the underlying mechanisms and reaction pathways between several Mn oxides and dissolved Mn(III). Our results indicated that BPA degradation rates with Mn(III)-bearing oxides alone follow the order: δ-MnO ≫ γ-MnOOH > MnO.

Identification of the new allele ptc1-2 and analysis of the regulatory role of PTC1 gene in rice anther development.

Anther development involves a series of important biological events that are precisely regulated by many genes. Although several important genes involved in rice anther development have been identified, the regulatory network involved in tapetal development and pollen wall formation is still largely unclear. PERSISTENT TAPETAL CELL 1 (PTC1) encodes a PHD-Finger protein, which plays a critical role in the regulation of tapetal cell death and pollen development in rice.

Root physiological and soil microbial mechanisms underlying responses to nitrogen deficiency and compensation in Indica and Japonica rice.

Compensatory effects are common biological phenomena in nature. In this study, we investigated the changes in root nitrogen uptake, root morphological and physiological responses, and changes in the rhizosphere soil microbial communities of indica and japonica rice during a nitrogen deficiency-sensitive period and an effective compensation period with double the nitrogen supply. We conducted a bucket experiment using Suxiu 867 (a japonica rice variety) and Yangxian You 918 (an indica rice variety).

Uncovering novel genes for drought stress in rice at germination stage using genome wide association study.

Introduction: Breeding rice with drought tolerance for harsh environments is crucial for agricultural sustainability. Understanding the genetic underpinnings of drought tolerance is vital for developing resilient rice varieties. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have emerged as pivotal tools in unravelling the complex genetic architecture of traits like drought tolerance, capitalizing on the natural genetic diversity within rice germplasm collections.

Identification of the gene family in rice () and its response to rice blast.

To better understand RNA-binding proteins in rice, a comprehensive investigation was conducted on the gene family of rice. It encompassed genome-wide identification and exploration of its role in rice blast resistance. The physicochemical properties of the rice gene family were analyzed.

Microbially Driven Iron Cycling Facilitates Organic Carbon Accrual in Decadal Biochar-Amended Soil.

Soil organic carbon (SOC) is pivotal for both agricultural activities and climate change mitigation, and biochar stands as a promising tool for bolstering SOC and curtailing soil carbon dioxide (CO) emissions. However, the involvement of biochar in SOC dynamics and the underlying interactions among biochar, soil microbes, iron minerals, and fresh organic matter (FOM, such as plant debris) remain largely unknown, especially in agricultural soils after long-term biochar amendment. We therefore introduced FOM to soils with and without a decade-long history of biochar amendment, performed soil microcosm incubations, and evaluated carbon and iron dynamics as well as microbial properties.

Abnormal Degraded Tapetum 1 (ADT1) is required for tapetal cell death and pollen development in rice.

The timely degradation of tapetum, the innermost somatic anther cell layer in flowering plants, is critical for pollen development. Although several genes involved in tapetum development have been characterized, the molecular mechanisms underlying tapetum degeneration remain elusive. Here, we showed that mutation in Abnormal Degraded Tapetum 1 (ADT1) resulted in overaccumulation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and abnormal anther development, causing earlier tapetum Programmed Cell Death (PCD) and pollen abortion.

Non-targeted GC-MS metabolomics-based differences in Indica rice seeds of different varieties.

Rice seeds of different varieties exhibited distinct metabolic profiles in our study. We analyzed the metabolites in seeds of six rice varieties (CH, HM, NX, YX, HY, and MX) using non-targeted GC-MS. Our findings revealed that amino acids, sugars, and organic acids were predominant in all varieties, with significant differences observed in CH compared to the others.

Functional divergence of FTL9 and FTL10 in flowering control in rice.

Background: Floral transition in cereals is a critical phenomenon influenced by exogenous and endogenous signals, determining crop yield and reproduction. Flowering Locus T-like (FT-like) genes encode a mobile florigen, the main signaling molecule for flowering.

Results: In this study, we characterized two FT-like genes, FTL9 and FTL10, to study their functional diversity in flowering control in rice.

Antifungal Activity and Mechanism of Camphor Derivatives against : A Promising Alternative Antifungal Agent for Rice Sheath Blight.

Rice sheath blight, caused by the fungus , poses a significant threat to rice cultivation globally. This study aimed to investigate the potential mechanisms of action of camphor derivatives against . Compound exhibited superior fungicidal activities in vitro (EC = 6.

Synthesis, antifungal activity and action mechanism of novel citral amide derivatives against Rhizoctonia solani.

Background: Rice sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani is a severe threat to the yield and quality of rice. Due to the unscientific abuse of common fungicides causing resistance and environmental issues, the development of new fungicides is necessary. In this study, we used citral as the lead compound, designed and synthesized a series of novel citral amide derivatives, and evaluated their antifungal activity and mode of action against R.

Functional characterization of D-type cyclins involved in cell division in rice.

Background: D-type cyclins (CYCD) regulate the cell cycle G/S transition and are thus closely involved in cell cycle progression. However, little is known about their functions in rice.

Results: We identified 14 CYCD genes in the rice genome and confirmed the presence of characteristic cyclin domains in each.

Alternative polyadenylation profiles of susceptible and resistant rice (Oryza sativa L.) in response to bacterial leaf blight using RNA-seq.

Background: Alternative polyadenylation (APA) is an important pattern of post-transcriptional regulation of genes widely existing in eukaryotes, involving plant physiological and pathological processes. However, there is a dearth of studies investigating the role of APA profile in rice leaf blight.

Results: In this study, we compared the APA profile of leaf blight-susceptible varieties (CT 9737-613P-M) and resistant varieties (NSIC RC154) following bacterial blight infection.

[The proportion of CD19CD25 Bregs in peripheral blood and the expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 on cell surface in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and their correlation with clinical indicators].

Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of PD-1 and its ligand PD-L1 in peripheral blood CD19CD25 regulatory B cells (Bregs) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods Peripheral blood samples were collected from 50 patients and 41 healthy controls (HCs). The proportion of CD19CD25Bregs in peripheral blood as well as the expression of PD-1B and PD-L1B cells on CD19CD25B cells, were detected by flow cytometry.

Uncovering Novel QTLs and Candidate Genes for Salt Tolerance at the Bud Burst Stage in Rice through Genome-Wide Association Study.

Salt stress is one of the most important factors limiting rice growth and yield increase. Salt tolerance of rice at the bud burst (STB) stage determines whether germinated seeds can grow normally under salt stress, which is very important for direct seeding. However, reports on quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and candidate genes for STB in rice are very limited.

Elucidation of the Mechanism of Rapid Growth Recovery in Rice Seedlings after Exposure to Low-Temperature Low-Light Stress: Analysis of Rice Root Transcriptome, Metabolome, and Physiology.

Late spring cold is a disastrous weather condition that often affects early rice seedlings in southern China, limiting the promotion of direct seeding cultivation. However, there are few reports on the effect of these events and on the growth recovery mechanism of rice root systems after rice seedlings are exposed to this stress. This study selected the strong-growth-recovery variety B116 (R310/R974, F) and the slow-recovery variety B811 (Zhonghui 286) for direct seeding cultivation and exposed them to low temperature and low-light stress to simulate a late spring cold event in an artificial climate chamber.

The effect of PD-1/PD-L1 signaling axis on the interaction between CD19B cells and CD4T cells in peripheral blood of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Background: The defect of B cell self-tolerance and the continuous antigen presentation by T cells (TCs) mediated by autoreactive B cells (BCs) play a key role in the occurrence and development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). PD-1/PD-L1 signaling axis negatively regulates the immune response of TCs after activation and maintains immune tolerance. However, the effect of PD-1/PD-L1 signaling axis on the interaction between CD19B/CD4TCs in the peripheral blood of patients with SLE has not been studied in detail.

Crop/Plant Modeling Supports Plant Breeding: I. Optimization of Environmental Factors in Accelerating Crop Growth and Development for Speed Breeding.

The environmental conditions in customered speed breeding practice are, to some extent, empirical and, thus, can be further optimized. Crop and plant models have been developed as powerful tools in predicting growth and development under various environments for extensive crop species. To improve speed breeding, crop models can be used to predict the phenotypes resulted from genotype by environment by management at the population level, while plant models can be used to examine 3-dimensional plant architectural development by microenvironments at the organ level.

, Encoding a MYB-Domain Protein, Regulates Leaf Morphology and Affects Plant Yield in Rice.

The leaf is the main site of photosynthesis and is an important component in shaping the ideal rice plant architecture. Research on leaf morphology and development will lay the foundation for high-yield rice breeding. In this study, we isolated and identified a novel curling leaf mutant, designated ().

Role of ceRNA network in inflammatory cells of rheumatoid arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease caused by inflammatory cells. Various inflammatory cells involved in RA include fibroblast-like synoviocytes, macrophages, CD4T-lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, osteoclasts and chondrocytes. The close interaction between various inflammatory cells leads to imbalance of immune response and disorder of the expression of mRNA in inflammatory cells.

Genetic Analysis for the Flag Leaf Heterosis of a Super-Hybrid Rice WFYT025 Combination Using RNA-Seq.

The photosynthetic capacity of flag leaf plays a key role in grain yield in rice. Nevertheless, there are few studies on the heterosis of the rice flag leaf. Therefore, this study focuses on investigating the genetic basis of heterosis for flag leaf in the indica super hybrid rice combination WFYT025 in China using a high-throughput next-generation RNA-seq strategy.

Metabolomics revealed metabolite biomarkers of antioxidant properties and flavonoid metabolite accumulation in purple rice after grain filling.

The correlation between flavonoids, phenolic metabolites and the total antioxidant capacity is well established. However, specific biomarkers of metabolites with antioxidant properties in purple rice grains remain unidentified. This study integrated nontargeted metabolomics, quantitative detection of flavonoids and phenolic compounds, and physiological and biochemical data to identify metabolite biomarkers of the antioxidant properties of purple rice grains after filling.

Stacking Multiple Genes Improves Resistance to , , and in Transgenic Rice.

The ability of various pests and diseases to adapt to a single plant resistance gene over time leads to loss of resistance in transgenic rice. Therefore, introduction of different pest and disease resistance genes is critical for successful cultivation of transgenic rice strains with broad-spectrum resistance to multiple pathogens. Here, we produced resistance rice lines with multiple, stacked resistance genes by stacking breeding and comprehensively evaluated their resistance to (striped rice stemborer), (rice blast), and (brown planthopper) in a pesticide-free environment.

Role of sPD-1 and sPD-Ls in the pathogenesis of connective tissue disease.

Membrane-bound programmed cell death-1 (mPD-1) and membrane-bound programmed cell death-ligands (mPD-Ls) have soluble forms, which are soluble programmed cell death-1 (sPD-1) and soluble programmed cell death-ligands (sPD-Ls) [including soluble programmed cell death-ligand 1 (sPD-L1) and soluble programmed cell death-ligand 2 (sPD-L2)]. sPD-1 and sPD-L2 are mainly produced by alternative splicing isoforms of mRNA, while sPD-L1 is produced by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) cutting membrane-bound programmed cell death-ligand 1 (mPD-L1). sPD-1 and sPD-Ls play an important role in autoimmune regulation via blocking the mPD-1 /mPD-L1 pathway, while connective tissue disease (CTD) is a kind of disease caused by autoimmune reaction, and abnormal function of mPD-1/mPD-L1 can occur in the occurrence and development of many autoimmune diseases.