High-Performing Direct X-Ray Detection Made of One-Dimensional Perovskite-Like (TMHD)SbBr Single Crystal With Anisotropic Response.

3D and 2D organic hybrid perovskites, as well as double perovskites, have demonstrated their suitability for direct X-ray detection. However, the sensitivity and stability of 3D perovskite X-ray detectors are currently being hindered by the existing constraints on ion movement. Therefore, there is an immediate need to develop X-ray detectors that are both highly sensitive and stable while also being environmentally friendly.

Robust Real-Time Cancer Tracking via Dual-Panel X-Ray Images for Precision Radiotherapy.

Respiratory-induced tumor motion presents a critical challenge in lung cancer radiotherapy, potentially impacting treatment precision and efficacy. This study introduces an innovative, deep learning-based approach for real-time, markerless lung tumor tracking utilizing orthogonal X-ray projection images. It incorporates three key components: (1) a sophisticated data augmentation technique combining a hybrid deformable model with 3D thin-plate spline transformation, (2) a state-of-the-art Transformer-based segmentation network for precise tumor boundary delineation, and (3) a CNN regression network for accurate 3D tumor position estimation.

Synthesis and characterization of pH-responsive sodium alginate/humic acid composite hydrogels for sustained drug release of l-ascorbic acid.

Addressing the challenges of poor biocompatibility and degradability of artificial drug carriers and poor stability of natural monomer gels in the current pharmaceutical market, this study utilized green natural sodium alginate (SA) and humic acid (HA) as raw materials. SA/HA-Ca hydrogel spheres were prepared using Ca as a crosslinking agent and loaded with l-ascorbic acid (L-AA), and the drug-retardation study was conducted using the droplet method. Various analysis techniques confirmed the formation of a three-dimensional network structure through coordination between HA, SA, and Ca, resulting in hydrogel spheres with good thermal stability.

Retinomorphic X-ray detection using perovskite with hydrion-conductive organic cations.

X-ray detection is crucial across various sectors, but traditional techniques face challenges such as inefficient data transmission, redundant sensing, high power consumption, and complexity. The innovative idea of a retinomorphic X-ray detector shows great potential. However, its implementation has been hindered by the absence of active layers capable of both detecting X-rays and serving as memory storage.

Mitigation of Stress-induced Structural Remodeling and Functional Deficiency in iPSC-CMs with PLN R9C Mutation by Promoting Autophagy.

Background: Phospholamban (PLN) is a key regulator of cardiac function connecting adrenergic signaling and calcium homeostasis. The R9C mutation of PLN is known to cause early onset dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and premature death, yet the detailed mechanisms underlie the pathologic remodeling process are not well defined in human cardiomyocytes. The aim of this study is to unravel the role of PLN R9C in DCM and identify potential therapeutic targets.

FGF17 protects cerebral ischemia reperfusion-induced blood-brain barrier disruption via FGF receptor 3-mediated PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Maintaining blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity is critical components of therapeutic approach for ischemic stroke. Fibroblast growth factor 17 (FGF17), a member of FGF8 superfamily, exhibits the strongest expression throughout the wall of all major arteries during development. However, its molecular action and potential protective role on brain endothelial cells after stroke remains unclear.

Reconfigurable perovskite X-ray detector for intelligent imaging.

X-ray detection is widely used in various applications. However, to meet the demand for high image quality and high accuracy diagnosis, the raw data increases and imposes challenges for conventional X-ray detection hardware regarding data transmission and power consumption. To tackle these issues, we present a scheme of in-X-ray-detector computing based on CsPbBr single-crystal detector with convenient polarity reconfigurability, good linear dynamic range, and robust stability.

A critical review on BDE-209: Source, distribution, influencing factors, toxicity, and degradation.

As the most widely used polybrominated diphenyl ether, BDE-209 is commonly used in polymer-based commercial and household products. Due to its unique physicochemical properties, BDE-209 is ubiquitous in a variety of environmental compartments and can be exposed to organisms in various ways and cause toxic effects. The present review outlines the current state of knowledge on the occurrence of BDE-209 in the environment, influencing factors, toxicity, and degradation.

Tissue-specific toxic effects of nano-copper on zebrafish.

Understanding the behavior and potential toxicity of copper nanoparticles (nano-Cu) in the aquatic environment is a primary way to assess their environmental risks. In this study, RNA-seq was performed on three different tissues (gills, intestines, and muscles) of zebrafish exposed to nano-Cu, to explore the potential toxic mechanism of nano-Cu on zebrafish. The results indicated that the toxic mechanism of nano-Cu on zebrafish was tissue-specific.

Long non-coding RNA regulates cardiomyocyte differentiation through H2A.Z-mediated LHX1 transcriptional activation.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play widespread roles in various processes. However, there is still limited understanding of the precise mechanisms through which they regulate early stage cardiomyocyte differentiation. In this study, we identified a specific lncRNA called , which is transcribed from a bidirectional promoter of LIM Homeobox 1 (LHX1) gene.

Rheological engineering of perovskite suspension toward high-resolution X-ray flat-panel detector.

Solution-processed polycrystalline perovskite film is promising for the next generation X-ray imaging. However, the spatial resolution of current perovskite X-ray panel detectors is far lower than the theoretical limit. Herein we find that the pixel level non-uniformity, also known as fixed pattern noise, is the chief culprit affecting the signal-to-noise ratio and reducing the resolution of perovskite detectors.

One-dimensional scintillator film with benign grain boundaries for high-resolution and fast x-ray imaging.

Fast and high-resolution x-ray imaging demands scintillator films with negligible afterglow, high scintillation yield, and minimized cross-talk. However, grain boundaries (GBs) are abundant in polycrystalline scintillator film, and, for current inorganic scintillators, detrimental dangling bonds at GBs inevitably extend radioluminescence lifetime and increase nonradiative recombination loss, deteriorating afterglow and scintillation yield. Here, we demonstrate that scintillators with one-dimensional (1D) crystal structure, CsCuClI explored here, possess benign GBs without dangling bonds, yielding nearly identical afterglow and scintillation yield for single crystals and polycrystalline films.

Solution-Processed Hybrid Europium (II) Iodide Scintillator for Sensitive X-Ray Detection.

Lead halide perovskite nanocrystals have recently demonstrated great potential as x-ray scintillators, yet they still suffer toxicity issues, inferior light yield (LY) caused by severe self-absorption. Nontoxic bivalent europium ions (Eu) with intrinsically efficient and self-absorption-free transition are a prospective replacement for the toxic Pb. Here, we demonstrated solution-processed organic-inorganic hybrid halide BAEuI (BA denotes CHNH) single crystals for the first time.

Self-wavelength shifting in two-dimensional perovskite for sensitive and fast gamma-ray detection.

Lead halide perovskites have recently emerged as promising X/γ-ray scintillators. However, the small Stokes shift of exciton luminescence in perovskite scintillators creates problems for the light extraction efficiency and severely impedes their applications in hard X/γ-ray detection. Dopants have been used to shift the emission wavelength, but the radioluminescence lifetime has also been unwantedly extended.

An effector of 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' manipulates autophagy to promote bacterial infection.

Autophagy functions in plant host immunity responses to pathogen infection. The molecular mechanisms and functions used by the citrus Huanglongbing (HLB)-associated intracellular bacterium 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' (CLas) to manipulate autophagy are unknown. We identified a CLas effector, SDE4405 (CLIBASIA_04405), which contributes to HLB progression.

Mechanochemical Synthesis of High-Entropy Perovskite toward Highly Sensitive and Stable X-ray Flat-Panel Detectors.

Perovskites are attracting attention for optoelectronic devices. Despite their promise, the large-scale synthesis of perovskite materials with exact stoichiometry, especially high-entropy perovskites, has been a major challenge. Moreover, the difficulty in stoichiometry control also hinders the development of perovskite X-ray flat-panel detectors.

Necroptosis signaling and mitochondrial dysfunction cross-talking facilitate cell death mediated by chelerythrine in glioma.

Glioma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor with poor survival and limited therapeutic options. Chelerythrine (CHE), a natural benzophenanthridine alkaloid, has been reported to exhibit the anti-tumor effects in a variety of cancer cells. However, the molecular target and the signaling process of CHE in glioma remain elusive.

Progress on the Effects of Microplastics on Aquatic Crustaceans: A Review.

It is impossible to overlook the effects of microplastics on aquatic life as they continuously accumulate in aquatic environments. Aquatic crustaceans, as both predator and prey, play an important role in the food web and energy transmission. It is of great practical significance to pay attention to the toxic effects of microplastics on aquatic crustaceans.

Ectopic expression of SARS-CoV-2 S and ORF-9B proteins alters metabolic profiles and impairs contractile function in cardiomyocytes.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with adverse impacts in the cardiovascular system, but the mechanisms driving this response remain unclear. In this study, we conducted "pseudoviral infection" of SARS-CoV-2 subunits to evaluate their toxic effects in cardiomyocytes (CMs), that were derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). We found that the ectopic expression of S and ORF-9B subunits significantly impaired the contractile function and altered the metabolic profiles in human cardiomyocytes.

A review of microplastic pollution in aquaculture: Sources, effects, removal strategies and prospects.

As microplastic pollution has become an emerging environmental issue of global concern, microplastics in aquaculture have become a research hotspot. For environmental safety, economic efficiency and food safety considerations, a comprehensive understanding of microplastic pollution in aquaculture is necessary. This review outlines an overview of sources and effects of microplastics in aquaculture.

Metabolic Maturation Exaggerates Abnormal Calcium Handling in a Knockout Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocyte Model of Danon Disease.

Danon disease (DD) is caused by mutations of the gene encoding lysosomal-associated membrane protein type 2 (), which lead to impaired autophagy, glycogen accumulation, and cardiac hypertrophy. However, it is not well understood why a large portion of DD patients develop arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death. In the current study, we generated knockout (KO) human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (CM), which mimic the LAMP2 dysfunction in DD heart.

Dark current modeling of thick perovskite X-ray detectors.

Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) have demonstrated excellent performances in detection of X-rays and gamma-rays. Most studies focus on improving the sensitivity of single-pixel MHP detectors. However, little work pays attention to the dark current, which is crucial for the back-end circuit integration.

Contractility and Calcium Transient Maturation in the Human iPSC-Derived Cardiac Microfibers.

Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) are considered immature in the sarcomere organization, contractile machinery, calcium transient, and transcriptome profile, which prevent them from further applications in modeling and studying cardiac development and disease. To improve the maturity of hiPSC-CMs, here, we engineered the hiPSC-CMs into cardiac microfibers (iCMFs) by a stencil-based micropatterning method, which enables the hiPSC-CMs to be aligned in an end-to-end connection for prolonged culture on the hydrogel of physiological stiffness. A series of characterization approaches were performed to evaluate the maturation in iCMFs on both structural and functional levels, including immunohistochemistry, calcium transient, reverse-transcription quantitative PCR, cardiac contractility, and electrical pacing analysis.