Comparative Analysis of Transposable Elements and the Identification of Candidate Centromeric Elements in the Subgenus and Its Relatives.

The subgenus Cerasus and its relatives include many crucial economic drupe fruits and ornamental plants. Repetitive elements make up a large part of complex genomes, and some of them play an important role in gene regulation that can affect phenotypic variation. However, the variation in their genomes remains poorly understood.

Evolution of Rosaceae Plastomes Highlights Unique Diversification and Independent Origins of Fruiting Cherry.

Rosaceae comprises numerous types of economically important fruits, ornamentals, and timber. The lack of plastome characteristics has blocked our understanding of the evolution of plastome and plastid genes of Rosaceae crops. Using comparative genomics and phylogenomics, we analyzed 121 Rosaceae plastomes of 54 taxa from 13 genera, predominantly including (true cherry) and its relatives.

Analysis of factors influencing the network teaching effect of college students in a medical school during the COVID-19 epidemic.

Background: The purpose of this study is to understand the influencing factors of Chinese college students' satisfaction with online teaching and psychological pressure on learning during the novel coronavirus epidemic.

Methods: We assessed the effect of online teaching of 7084 medical students from wannan medical college in March 5 to April 2, 2020 using cluster sampling. The respondents were asked to complete a 7-item self-compiled online teaching satisfaction questionnaire.

The complete chloroplast genome sequence of a hybrid blackberry ( spp.) cultivar.

Blackberry ( spp.) is an important hybrid fruit crop popular in the US Pacific Northwest and the European region with complex origins. In this study, we report the complete chloroplast genome sequence of a hybrid blackberry cultivar 'Arapohol' using next-generation sequencing technology.

Color-related chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations of Chinese kale can be altered through CRISPR/Cas9 targeted editing of the carotenoid isomerase gene .

The carotenoid isomerase gene () of Chinese kale was targeted and edited using the CRISPR/Cas9 system in the present study. The results showed a high mutation rate (81.25%), and 13 mutants were obtained.

An Efficient and Economical Protocol for Isolating, Purifying and PEG-Mediated Transient Gene Expression of Chinese Kale Hypocotyl Protoplasts.

In this study, we report the isolation and purification of protoplasts from Chinese kale (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra) hypocotyls, and their transient gene expression transformation and subcellular localization of BaMYB75 (Bol042409). The upshot is that the vintage protocol included 5-d hypocotyls that were enzymatically hydrolyzed for 8 h in enzyme solution (3.

Functional differences of and genes in Chinese kale.

This study presents a systematic analysis of the functional differences between two genes that encode phytoene desaturase (PDS) in Chinese kale. The promoter sequences of both and were amplified and cloned, and their lengths were 2005 bp and 2000 bp, respectively. The mining of -acting elements in the promoters showed that the two genes are mainly associated with light and phytohormone responsiveness.

Allopolyploid origin in Rubus (Rosaceae) inferred from nuclear granule-bound starch synthase I (GBSSI) sequences.

Background: Polyploidy and hybridization are ubiquitous in Rubus L., a large and taxonomically challenging genus. Chinese Rubus are mainly concentrated into two major sections, the diploid Idaeobatus and the polyploid Malachobatus.

Variations in the glucosinolates of the individual edible parts of three stem mustards ().

The composition and content of glucosinolates were investigated in the edible parts (petioles, peel and flesh) of tuber mustard, bamboo shoots mustard and baby mustard by high-performance liquid chromatography to reveal the association between the different cooking methods and their glucosinolate profiles. Eight glucosinolates were identified from tuber mustard and baby mustard, including three aliphatic glucosinolates, four indole glucosinolates and one aromatic glucosinolate. Only six of the eight glucosinolates were detected in bamboo shoots mustard.

Characterization of complete chloroplast genome and phylogenetic analysis of sweet cherry (L.) Moench (Prunoideae, Rosaceae).

Sweet cherry ( (L.) Moench) belonging to family Rosaceae, is an important economical fruit crop worldwide. In this study, the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of sweet cherry was generated by assembly with low coverage whole-genome sequencing data.

Variations of Alkaloid Accumulation and Gene Transcription in .

To increase the understanding of alkaloid biosynthesis in during whole plant growth periods, variations of the contents of alkaloids and the transcription of key biosynthetic genes in fresh leaves were investigated in three varieties at five developmental stages. Six alkaloids were analyzed by gas chromatograph⁻mass spectrometry (GC⁻MS) and the most abundant alkaloid was observed during the upper leaves maturing stage in the varieties, among which the alkaloid content of K326 was the highest. Considering the genetic effect, variance analysis indicated that the developmental stage played a predominant role in alkaloid accumulation.

Variation in the main health-promoting compounds and antioxidant activity of whole and individual edible parts of baby mustard ( var. ).

Despite being a brassicaceous vegetable that is widely consumed in winter and spring in Southwest China, there is lack of information available on baby mustard. The aim of this study was to determine the contents of soluble proteins, soluble sugars, chlorophylls, carotenoids, ascorbic acid, proanthocyanidins, flavonoids, total phenolics, and glucosinolates, as well as the antioxidant activity of the whole edible parts and seven individual edible parts (swollen stem: petioles, peel, flesh; lateral bud: leaves, petioles, peel, flesh) of baby mustard. The results showed that significant differences in health-promoting compounds and antioxidant activity existed between the different edible parts.

Metabolic profiles of Cuibi-1 and Zhongyan-100 flue-cured tobacco leaves in different growing regions by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.

The metabolic profiles of tobacco leaves of two differential Chinese cultivars from different growing regions were analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results of principal component analysis, partial least-squares discriminant analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis showed significant differences in metabolome among three groups, identified 24 differential metabolites, and analysed the metabolic pathway in which the metabolites were involved. Among them, 13 metabolites were associated with geographical regions, including seven organic and fatty acids, four carbohydrates and two secondary metabolites.

The complete chloroplast genome of Tomentosa cherry (Prunoideae, Rosaceae).

belongs to subgenus in family Rosaceae. It is native to northern China and has become a staple back yard garden plant in Russia and much of Eastern Europe. In this study, assembly with low coverage whole genome sequencing facilitated to generate the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of .

Dissection of the Mechanism for Compatible and Incompatible Graft Combinations of Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck ('Hongmian Miyou').

'Hongmian miyou' ( L. Osbeck) is mutated from 'Guanxi miyou', with a different spongy layer coloration. Trifoliate orange () is widely used as rootstocks in 'Guanxi miyou' grafting, whereas 'Hongmian miyou' is incompatible with available trifoliate orange rootstocks.

The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Maddenia hypoleuca koehne (Prunoideae, Rosaceae).

Maddenia hypoleuca Koehne belonging to family Rosaceae is a native species in China. The complete chloroplast (cp) genome was generated by de novo assembly using low coverage whole genome sequencing data and manual correction. The cp genome was 158 084 bp in length, with GC content of 36.

A Quantitative Real-Time PCR-Based Strategy for Molecular Evaluation of Nicotine Conversion in Burley Tobacco.

Nornicotine production in Nicotiana tabacum is undesirable because it is the precursor of the carcinogen N'-nitrosonornicotine. In some individual burley tobacco plants, a large proportion of the nicotine can be converted to nornicotine, and this process of nicotine conversion is mediated primarily by enzymatic N-demethylation of nicotine which is controlled mainly by CYP82E4. Here we report a novel strategy based on quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method, which analyzed the ratio of nicotine conversion through examining the transcript level of CYP82E4 in burley leaves and do not need ethylene induction before detected.