Estrogen receptors in mitochondrial metabolism: age-related changes and implications for pregnancy complications.

Estrogen hormones are primarily associated with their role as female sex hormones responsible for primary and secondary sexual development. Estrogen receptors are known to undergo age-dependent decreases due to age-related changes in hormone production. In the mitochondria, estrogen functions by reducing the production of reactive oxygen species in the electron transport chain, inhibiting apoptosis, and regulating mitochondrial DNA content.

Complete Genome Sequence of the Cluster DJ Actinobacteriophage, Petito, isolated on the host .

Gordonia phage Petito is a newly discovered siphovirus that infects NRRL B-16540. The double-stranded DNA genome of this phage is 60,447 bp long with 93 predicted protein-coding genes and no tRNAs. Petito is a Cluster DJ phage.

and hybrid approach to unveil triterpenoids from leaves as potential compounds for inhibiting Nrf2.

Cancer is a leading global health concern, with over 20 million new cases and 9.7 million deaths reported in 2022. Chemotherapy remains a widely used treatment, but drug resistance, which affects up to 90% of treatment outcomes, significantly hampers its effectiveness.

Insufficient pretransplant induction therapy is associated with diffuse intrahepatic cholangiopathy in ABO-incompatible living donor liver transplantation for acute liver failure.

Background: ABO-incompatible liver transplantation (ABOi LT) can now be successfully performed with standard pretransplant induction therapy. For patients with chronic end-stage liver disease (ESLD), ABOi LT can achieve long-term outcomes comparable to those of blood type-compatible (ABOc) LT. Outcomes of patients with acute liver failure (ALF) who undergo urgent transplantation surgery with a limited induction period should be further investigated.

An in-depth review of AI-powered advancements in cancer drug discovery.

The convergence of artificial intelligence (AI) and genomics is redefining cancer drug discovery by facilitating the development of personalized and effective therapies. This review examines the transformative role of AI technologies, including deep learning and advanced data analytics, in accelerating key stages of the drug discovery process: target identification, drug design, clinical trial optimization, and drug response prediction. Cutting-edge tools such as DrugnomeAI and PandaOmics have made substantial contributions to therapeutic target identification, while AI's predictive capabilities are driving personalized treatment strategies.

Location of Care Delivery for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the United States.

Rationale: Guidelines recommend patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) be referred to pulmonary hypertension (PH) centers, but little is known about where care is actually delivered in the United States (US).

Objectives: To use prescription patterns to estimate the proportion of PAH care delivered at US PH centers and explore factors associated with location of care.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed claims from the Komodo database in adults who received ≥1 PAH prescription between March 2021 and February 2022.

The development of cardinal extension: From counting to exact equality.

Numerate adults know that when two sets are equal, they should be labeled by the same number word. We explored the development of this principle-sometimes called "cardinal extension"-and how it relates to children's other numerical abilities. Experiment 1 revealed that 2- to 5-year-old children who could accurately count large sets often inferred that two equal sets should be labeled with the same number word, unlike children who could not accurately count large sets.

Enhancing CO oxidation performance by controlling the interconnected pore structure in porous three-way catalyst particles.

Highly ordered porous structured particles comprising three-way catalyst (TWC) nanoparticles have attracted attention because of their remarkable catalytic performance. However, the conditions for controlling their pore arrangement to form interconnected pore structures remain unclear. In particular, the correlation between framework thickness (distance between pores) or macroporosity and the diffusion of gaseous reactants to achieve a high catalytic performance has not been extensively discussed.

Optimizing the properties of In-N dual-doped SnO films: incorporation of nitrogen into the SnO lattice at the optimal content direct current sputtering.

Direct current magnetron sputtering was employed to fabricate In-N dual-doped SnO films, with varying concentrations of N in a mixed sputtering gas of N and argon (Ar). The quantity of -substituted O elements in the SnO lattice was confirmed through energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). A comprehensive investigation of properties of the In-N dual-doped SnO films was conducted using various techniques, including X-ray diffraction analysis, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy, Hall effect measurements, and current-voltage (-) characteristic assessments.

Exocyst complex component 1 (Exoc1) loss in dormant oocyte disrupts c-KIT and growth differentiation factor (GDF9) subcellular localization and causes female infertility in mice.

A limited number of female germ cells support reproduction in many mammals. The follicle, composed of oocytes and supporting granulosa cells, forms the basis of oogenesis. Crosstalk between oocytes and granulosa cells is essential for the formation, dormancy, re-awakening, and maturation of oocytes.

Characterization of a novel oronasal-restricted nicotine vaping self-administration model in mice.

Nicotine use remains one of the leading causes of preventable deaths in the United States and, while the prevalence of combustible cigarette use has declined over the past few years, the popularity of electronic nicotine delivery systems continues to rise. Vaping is not without risks, and its long-term effects, particularly in vulnerable populations, remain largely unknown. This study introduces a novel, oronasal-restricted, nicotine vapor self-administration mouse model to investigate the impact of nicotine concentration, genotype, sex, and age on self-administration and behavioral response to nicotine.

Discovery of noncovalent diaminopyrimidine-based Inhibitors for glioblastoma via a dual FAK/DNA targeting strategy.

Temozolomide, a widely used alkylating agent for glioblastoma treatment, faces significant challenges due to the development of resistance, which severely impacts patient survival. This underscores the urgent need for novel strategies to overcome this barrier. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK), an intracellular non-receptor tyrosine kinase, is highly expressed in glioblastoma cells and has been identified as a promising therapeutic target for anti-glioblastoma drug development.

Long-Term Immunity and Anamnestic Response Following Hepatitis B Vaccination: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Using a systematic review and meta-analytic approach, this study determined the durability of HBV immunity and the prevalence of anamnestic response to a booster HBV vaccine dose in individuals previously vaccinated with a 3-dose HBV vaccine series as children or adolescents. Two researchers independently searched PubMed, Embase and Cochrane from inception to 6/1/2023 and performed data extraction. Studies that included individuals with significant comorbidities or < 5 years of follow-up were excluded.

Photocatalytic degradation performance of a chitosan/ZnO-FeO nanocomposite over cationic and anionic dyes under visible-light irradiation.

The sonochemical synthesis of a chitosan-ZnO/FeO nanocomposite yielded a highly porous structure and large surface area for enhancing the photocatalytic degradation of cationic (rhodamine B, RhB) and anionic (methyl orange, MO) dyes in aqueous solution. Chitosan-ZnO/FeO demonstrated a significant enhancement in photodegradation efficiency 99.49% for MO ( = 5.

Successful treatment of adult cherubism with a 60 mg denosumab 6-monthly regimen.

Cherubism is a rare autosomal dominant skeletal dysplasia, affecting the maxilla and/or mandible. The condition typically has childhood onset, followed by progression until puberty, with subsequent regression. Cherubism lesions share histological features with giant cell tumor of bone, where high-dose monthly denosumab is an effective medical treatment.

Biochemical and physiological characterization of midgut chymotrypsin.

The mosquito is a vector of dengue, Zika, and chikungunya. The mosquito's reliance on blood facilitates the transmission of these viral pathogens to humans. Digestion of blood proteins depends on the biphasic expression of serine proteases, with trypsin-like activity contributing to most of the activity in the midgut.

In-Hospital Outcomes after Robotic Open Radical Nephroureterectomy.

To test whether the contemporary robot-assisted nephroureterectomy (RNU) is associated with more favorable in-hospital outcomes than historical RNU, relative to the same endpoints in open NU (ONU). Within the National Inpatient Sample (2008-2019), we identified RNU and ONU patients. Multivariable logistic and Poisson regression models were fitted.

Malignant hematologic oncology referrals to an outpatient palliative care clinic at a tertiary cancer center.

Context: Hematological malignancies represent a heterogeneous group of diseases with variable and often unpredictable illness trajectories. Comparisons between hematological and solid tumor malignancy referrals to an outpatient palliative care clinic have not been explored.

Objectives: This study compared characteristics, referral trends, and time from first palliative care clinic visit to death between patients with hematological and solid tumor malignancies.

Endocuff Vision-Assisted Colonoscopy Significantly Improves Adenoma Detection In A Shorter Withdrawal Time Compared With Standard Colonoscopy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Although several studies in Western countries have shown that Endocuff Vision-assisted colonoscopy (EC) can improve the colorectal adenoma detection rate (ADR), such evidence in Asia is still scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of EC in detecting colorectal adenomas in Vietnamese patients.

Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial conducted at a tertiary hospital in Vietnam.

Contamination of retail market meat with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes in Vietnam.

The contamination of retail meat with antibiotic-resistant bacteria poses a substantial public health risk because of the potential spread of these bacteria within communities. The contamination of retail meat with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria was investigated in four cities in Vietnam using real-time PCR, employing ESBL marker genes. This method provides a more comprehensive assessment of ESBL-producing bacterial contamination in meat samples than culture-based methods because it directly detects resistance genes from the extracted sample DNA.

Agingassociated challenges to persons living with HIV/AIDS in Vietnam: integrated perspectives from multiple stakeholders.

This study examined the aging-associated health and care needs among the HIV population in Vietnam, integrating perspectives from healthcare professionals, PLWH, and their caregivers. Qualitative data were collected through five focus group interviews involving ten PLWH, nine caregivers, and eight healthcare providers in Hanoi, Vietnam, in March 2023. Thematic analyses uncovered recurring patterns and themes across the three participant groups.

Revealing a novel GI-19 lineage infectious bronchitis virus sub-genotype with multiple recombinations in South Korea using whole-genome sequencing.

Infectious bronchitis (IB), caused by the infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), is a highly contagious chicken disease, causing economic losses worldwide. New IBV strains and variants continue to emerge despite using inactivated and live-attenuated vaccines to prevent or control IB. In this study, the S1 genes of 46 IBV strains, isolated from commercial chicken flocks between 2003 and 2024 in Korea were sequenced and genetically characterized.

Leveraging Deep Learning for Immune Cell Quantification and Prognostic Evaluation in Radiotherapy-Treated Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinomas.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a critical role in cancer progression and therapeutic responsiveness, with the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) being a key modulator. In head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC), immune cell infiltration significantly influences the response to radiotherapy (RT). A better understanding of the TIME in HNSCC could help identify patients most likely to benefit from combining RT with immunotherapy.

Burden and Risk Factors of Stroke in Vietnam from 1990 to 2021 - A Systematic Analysis from Global Burden Disease 2021.

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of death in Vietnam. However, a comprehensive analysis of stroke burden remains limited. This study aims to investigate the burden of stroke and various risk factors in Vietnam from 1990 to 2021.