Manipulating Charge Distribution at Organic-inorganic Interface via Optimizing Substituents for Sustainable Water Electrolysis.

The space charge effect induced by high-quality heterojunctions is essential for efficient electrocatalytic processes. Herein, we delicately manipulate intermolecular charge transfer by modifying substituents (-g = -CH3, -H, -NO2) with various electron donating/withdrawing capabilities in CoPc-g/CoS organic-inorganic heterostructures. CoPc-CH3, as a typical electron donor, transfers more electrons to CoS due to the presence of -CH3, forming the strongest space electric field and thus regulating the dual active sites at the interface.

Blocking p85β nuclear translocation by importazole enhances Alpelisib efficacy against PIK3CA-helical-domain-mutant tumors.

PIK3CA, which encodes protein p110α, is one of the most frequently mutated oncogenes and a promising drug-target for human cancer. Previously, we demonstrate that p85β is released from PI3K complex which contain PIK3CA helical domain mutations and translocates into nucleus to regulate tri-methylation of H3K27, thereby promoting tumorigenicity. Here, we identify DIRAS2 and SOWAHB as target genes of nuclear p85β in PIK3CA-helical-domain-mutant tumors.

Effects of Klotho in epilepsy: An umbrella review of observational and mendelian randomization studies.

Background: Klotho is a geroprotective protein which has been recognized for its anti-aging properties. Pre-clinical evidence suggested that boosting Klotho might hold therapeutic potential in ageing and disease. Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by its recurrent seizures.

Distribution and Environmental Preference of Potential Mercury Methylators in Paddy Soils across China.

The neurotoxin methylmercury (MeHg) is produced mainly from the transformation of inorganic Hg by microorganisms carrying the gene pair. Paddy soils are known to harbor diverse microbial communities exhibiting varying abilities in methylating inorganic Hg, but their distribution and environmental drivers remain unknown at a large spatial scale. Using gene amplicon sequencing, this study examined Hg-methylating communities from major rice-producing paddy soils across a transect of ∼3600 km and an altitude of ∼1300 m in China.

Clinicopathological differences between patients with schistosomal appendicitis and non schistosomal appendicitis: A retrospectively study of past ten years.

Background: Chronic schistosomiasis causes multiple organ and multiple system diseases, especially the digestive system. Schistosome eggs are mainly deposited in the stomach, liver and colorectal, but a few eggs are deposited in the appendix and cause disease. At present, there are few studies on schistosomal appendicitis.

Continuous photo-oxidation of methane to methanol at an atomically tailored reticular gas-solid interface.

Photo-oxidation of methane (CH) using hydrogen peroxide (HO) synthesized in situ from air and water under sunlight offers an attractive route for producing green methanol while storing intermittent solar energy. However, in commonly used aqueous-phase systems, photocatalysis efficiency is severely limited due to the ultralow availability of CH gas and HO intermediate at the flooded interface. Here, we report an atomically modified metal-organic framework (MOF) membrane nanoreactor that promotes direct CH photo-oxidation to methanol at the gas-solid interface in a reticular open framework.

Identification of novel KRAS neoantigen specific TCRs and a strategy to eliminate off-target recognition.

Background: T cell receptor (TCR)-engineered T cells targeting neoantigens originated from mutations in KRAS gene have demonstrated promising outcomes in clinical trials against solid tumors. However, the challenge lies in developing tumor-specific TCRs that avoid cross-reactivity with self-antigens to minimize the possibility of severe clinical toxicities. Current research efforts have been put towards strategies to eliminate TCR off-target recognition.

The pivotal role of CRIHSP sequences in orchestrating antigen receptor diversity and genomic stability within antigen receptor germline genes.

The mechanisms underlying antigen receptor germline gene diversification have always been a topic of intensive study. Here, we discovered that the frequency of stem-loop sequences in the antigen receptor germline gene region is remarkably higher than the genomic background. By analyzing these stem-loop sequences' similarity and distribution patterns, we found that clustered regularly interspaced homologous stem-loop pairs (CRIHSP) are widely present on the germline genes of antigen receptors in different species.

Cognitive function differs across healthy lifestyle behavior profiles: a 10-year population-based prospective cohort study.

Background: Modifiable lifestyle behaviors significantly influence the risk of cognitive impairment. However, the cumulative effects of multidimensional lifestyle profiles on cognitive function remain poorly understood, as most studies examine individual lifestyle behaviors in isolation. This study aimed to identify distinct profiles of individuals based on healthy lifestyle behaviors and to examine associations between these profiles and cognitive function in older Chinese adults.

Global infectious disease early warning models: An updated review and lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic.

An early warning model for infectious diseases is a crucial tool for timely monitoring, prevention, and control of disease outbreaks. The integration of diverse multi-source data using big data and artificial intelligence techniques has emerged as a key approach in advancing these early warning models. This paper presents a comprehensive review of widely utilized early warning models for infectious diseases around the globe.

Interfacial Water Orientation in Neutral Oxygen Catalysis for Reversible Ampere-scale Zinc-air Batteries.

The neutral oxygen catalysis is an electrochemical reaction of the utmost importance in energy generation, storage application, and chemical synthesis. However, the restricted availability of protons poses a challenge to achieving kinetically favorable oxygen catalytic reactions. Here, we alter the interfacial water orientation by adjusting the Brønsted acidity at the catalyst surface, to break the proton transfer limitation of neutral oxygen electrocatalysis.

Advances in lysosomal escape mechanisms for gynecological cancer nano-therapeutics.

Gynecological cancers present significant treatment challenges due to drug resistance and adverse side effects. This review explores advancements in lysosomal escape mechanisms, essential for enhancing nano-therapeutic efficacy. Strategies such as pH-sensitive linkers and membrane fusion are examined, showcasing their potential to improve therapeutic outcomes in ovarian, cervical, and uterine cancers.

LiOH Additive Triggering Beneficial Aging Effect of SnO Nanocrystal Colloids for Efficient Wide-Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells.

Commercial SnO nanocrystals used for producing electron transporting layers (ETLs) of perovskite solar cells (PSC) are prone to aggregation at room temperature and contain many structural defects. Herein, we report that the LiOH additive can simultaneously delay the aggregation and donate the beneficial aging effect to SnO nanocrystals. The resulting SnO ETLs show the desired characteristics, including a broadened absorption range, reduced defects, improved transporting properties, and decreased work function.

Engineering Peptide-Based Molecular Baits for Targeted Fishing and Protein Profiling of Exosomes as a Liquid Biopsy for Gastrointestinal Adenocarcinoma.

High-performance isolation of exosomes as a promising liquid biopsy target is of great importance for both fundamental research and clinical applications. This is, however, challenged by the prevalent heterogeneity of exosomes and the highly complex nature of biosamples. Here, we introduce the use of a CD81-targeting peptide as a building block for tailoring molecular baits for exosome isolation and payload analysis in clinical biofluids.

Effects of population aging on quality of life and disease burden: a population-based study.

Background: As population aging intensifies, it becomes increasingly important to elucidate the casual relationship between aging and changes in population health. Therefore, our study proposed to develop a systematic attribution framework to comprehensively evaluate the health impacts of population aging.

Methods: We used health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE) to measure quality of life and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) to quantify the burden of disease for the population of Guangzhou.

Functional mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies for lactylation in liver diseases.

Lactylation, a novel form of lactate-mediated protein post-translational modification (PTM), has been identified as a crucial regulator of gene expression and protein function through the modification of both histone and non-histone proteins. Liver disease is frequently characterized by a reprogramming of glucose metabolism and subsequent lactate accumulation. Recent research has implicated lactylation in a diverse array of hepatic pathologies, including liver injury, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, liver fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma.

Construction of CuMoS/ZnO Heterostructures and Mechanism of Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production.

Constructing wide and narrow band gap heterogeneous semiconductors is a method to improve the activity of photocatalysts. In this paper, CMS/ZnO heterojunctions were prepared by solvothermal loading of ZnO particles on the surface of CuMoS nanosheets. The photocatalytic H precipitation rate is about 545 μmol·g·h, which is 6.

Copper-instigated modulatory cell mortality mechanisms and progress in kidney diseases.

Copper is a vital cofactor in various enzymes, plays a pivotal role in maintaining cell homeostasis. When copper metabolism is disordered and mitochondrial dysfunction is impaired, programmed cell death such as apoptosis, paraptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, cuproptosis, autophagy and necroptosis can be induced. In this review, we focus on the metabolic mechanisms of copper.

The effect of hot air treatment on volatile compounds in nectarine fruit and the regulation of glycosidically bound compounds by sugar.

In order to investigate the impact of hot air (HA) treatment on the sugars and volatiles in postharvest nectarine fruit, nectarines were treated with HA at 40 °C for 4 h and stored at 1 °C for 35 days. Changes of sugars, free and glycosidically bound volatiles, β-glucosidase (β-Glu) activity, and the gene expression of UGT (UDP-glucosyltransferase) in nectarine fruit were determined. The results showed that compared with CK, HA treatment delayed the firmness decline of 48.

A One Stone Three Birds Paradigm of Photon-Driven Pyroptosis Dye for Amplifying Tumor Immunotherapy.

Activating the pyroptosis pathway of tumor cells by photodynamic therapy (PDT) for immunogenic cell death (ICD) is considered a valid strategy in pursuit of antitumor immunotherapy, but it remains a huge challenge due to the lack of reliable design guidelines. Moreover, it is often overlooked that conventional PDT can exacerbate the development of tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment, which is apparently unfavorable to clinical immunotherapy. The endoplasmic reticulum's (ER) pivotal role in cellular homeostasis and its emerging link to pyroptosis have galvanized interest in ER-centric imaging and therapeutics.

Hydrogen-Rich Saline Combined With Vacuum Sealing Drainage Promotes Wound Healing by Altering Biotin Metabolism.

Impaired wound healing affects the life quality of patients and causes a substantial financial burden. Hydrogen-rich medium is reported to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the role of hydrogen-rich saline (HRS) in cutaneous wound healing remains largely unexplored, especially by metabolomics.

Safe Production of Rice ( L.) in Arsenic-Contaminated Soil: a Remedial Strategy using Micro-Nanostructured Bone Biochar.

This study investigated the effects of fine-sized pork bone biochar particles on remediating As-contaminated soil and alleviating associated phytotoxicity to rice in 50-day short-term and 120-day full-life-cycle pot experiments. The addition of micro-nanostructured pork bone biochar (BC) pyrolyzed at 400 and 600 °C (BC400 and BC600) significantly increased the As-treated shoot and root fresh weight by 24.4-77.

Gold Nanoparticle Inhibits the Tumor-Associated Macrophage M2 Polarization by Inhibiting mA Methylation-Dependent ATG5/Autophagy in Prostate Cancer.

This study aims to study how gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) function in the recruitment and polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC) and castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Phorbol ester (PMA)-treated THP-1 cells were cocultured with LNCaP or PC3 cells to simulate TAMs. Macrophage M2 polarization levels were detected using flow cytometry and M2 marker determination.

RNA modifications in cancer.

RNA modifications are emerging as critical cancer regulators that influence tumorigenesis and progression. Key modifications, such as N6-methyladenosine (mA) and 5-methylcytosine (mC), are implicated in various cellular processes. These modifications are regulated by proteins that write, erase, and read RNA and modulate RNA stability, splicing, translation, and degradation.