Multifocality increases the risk of central compartment lymph node metastasis but is not related to the risk of recurrence and death in papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Background: Multifocality is a distinctive feature of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC); however, the biological behavior of PTC and its optimal management strategy remain unclear. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical features and prognostic differences of multifocal papillary carcinoma and to guide the precise treatment of multifocal papillary carcinoma.

Methods: The medical records of 1,139 patients with PTC who had undergone total or hemi-thyroidectomy between April and October 2013 at the Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital were reviewed.

A CD26 tendon stem progenitor cell population contributes to tendon repair and heterotopic ossification.

Inadequate tendon healing and heterotopic bone formation result in substantial pain and disability, yet the specific cells responsible for tendon healing remain uncertain. Here we identify a CD26 tendon stem/progenitor cells residing in peritendon, which constitutes a primitive stem cell population with self-renewal and multipotent differentiation potentials. CD26 tendon stem/progenitor cells migrate into the tendon midsubstance and differentiation into tenocytes during tendon healing, while ablation of these cells led to insufficient tendon healing.

Radical-Triggered Bicyclization and Aryl Migration of 1,7-Diynes with Diphenyl Diselenide for the Synthesis of Selenopheno[3,4-]quinolines.

The translocation of an aryl group from selenium into carbon enabled by the cleavage of the C-Se bond is reported by using nitrogen atom-linked 1,7-diynes and diaryl diselenides as starting materials, leading to various selenophene derivatives in a regioselective manner. This method enables the construction of two C-Se bonds and two C-C bonds through sequential radical bicyclization and 1,2-aryl migration under metal-free conditions. Control experiments and mechanistic studies suggest that this reaction proceeds through the cleavage of the inert C(Ph)-Se bond, facilitating the aryl translocation process.

Unveiling mitochondrial mysteries: Exploring novel tRNA variants in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

The recent study of Ding provides valuable insights into the functional implications of novel mitochondrial tRNA and tRNA variants in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This editorial explores their findings, highlighting the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of T2DM. By examining the molecular mechanisms through which these tRNA variants contribute to disease progression, the study introduces new targets for therapeutic strategies.

Advancing treatment strategies: Insights from network meta-analysis of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

This study examines the pivotal findings of the network meta-analysis of Zhou , which evaluated the efficacy of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy and combination therapies for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This meta-analysis suggests that therapeutic combinations have greater efficacy than do standard treatments. The article highlights the key insights that have the potential to shift current clinical practice and enhance outcomes for patients with advanced HCC.

Chemical imaging unveils mitochondria as the major site of medicinal biguanide accumulation within cells.

Metformin (MET), a commonly prescribed medication for managing type 2 diabetes, has demonstrated various beneficial effects beyond its primary anti-diabetic efficacy. However, the mechanism underlying MET activity and its distribution within organelles remain largely unknown. In this study, we integrate multiple technologies, including chemical labeling, immunostaining, and high-resolution microscopy imaging, to visualize the accumulation of MET in organelles of cultured cells.

Precision Medicine Proof-of-Concept Study of a TNF Inhibitor in FSGS and Treatment-Resistant Minimal Change Disease.

Background: Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and treatment-resistant minimal change disease (TR-MCD) are heterogeneous disorders with subgroups defined by distinct underlying mechanisms of glomerular and tubulointerstitial injury. A non-invasive urinary biomarker profile has been generated to identify patients with intra-kidney tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-activation and to predict response to anti-TNF treatment. We conducted this proof-of-concept, multi-center, open-label clinical trial to test the hypothesis that in patients with FSGS or TR-MCD and evidence of intra-renal TNF activation based on their biomarker profile, short-term treatment with adalimumab would reverse the elevated urinary excretion of MCP-1 and TIMP-1.

Fluoride binding-modulated supramolecular chirality of urea-containing triarylamine and its photo-manifestation.

In recent years, the regulation of anion-mediated chiral assemblies has gained significant interest. This study investigated the modulation of supramolecular chiroptical signals and chiral assembled structures in a triarylamine system containing a urea moiety through fluoride ion-urea bond interactions, aiming to understand the chiral sense amplification in supramolecular assemblies. Chiral triarylamine derivatives containing urea or amide units were synthesized and the self-assemblies were examined in the absence and presence of fluoride ions.

[Astragalus polysaccharides induces ferroptosis in ovarian adenocarcinoma cells through Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4 signaling pathway].

This study primarily investigated the mechanism of Astragalus polysaccharides(APS), a Chinese medicinal material, in regulating the Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4 signaling pathway to induce ferroptosis in ovarian cancer cells(Caov-3 and SKOV3 cells). Caov-3 and SKOV3 cells were divided into control(Vehicle) group, APS group, glutathione peroxidase 4 inhibitor(RSL3) group, and APS+RSL3 group. After 48 h of intervention, the activity and morphology of the cells in each group were observed.

[Mechanism of Tanyu Tongzhi Formula in treatment of atherosclerosis by maintaining vascular homeostasis based on TGF-β signaling pathway].

This study aimed to investigate the potential mechanism and the compatibility significance of Tanyu Tongzhi Formula in treating atherosclerosis(AS) in mice based on the transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)/Smad2/3 signaling pathway. Eight C57BL/6J mice were as assigned to a normal control group and fed a regular diet, while 35 ApoE~(-/-) mice of the same strain were fed a high-fat diet for 8 weeks to establish an AS model. The model mice were randomly divided into a model group, a Tanyu Tongzhi group(18.

Two glycoside hydrolase family 1 proteins mediate glycosylated modification at the 5-position of anthocyanin in grape hyacinth.

Glycosylation modification of anthocyanins is important as a preceding step to acylation modification. Cyanidin-3-O-(p-coumaroyl)glucoside-5-O-malonylglucoside (Cy3pCG5MaG) is one of the major anthocyanin substances in blue-flowered grape hyacinth, but its 5-position glycosylation is unknown. Here, we identified two glycoside hydrolase family 1 genes, MaAGGT1 and MaAGGT5, which use acyl-glucose as a donor and are involved in the glycosylation modification of anthocyanins in grape hyacinth.

Scale-Up of Human Amniotic Epithelial Cells Through Regulation of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Plasticity Under Defined Conditions.

Human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) have shown excellent efficacy in clinical research and have prospective applications in the treatment of many diseases. However, the properties of the hAECs and their proliferative mechanisms remain unclear. Here, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is performed on hAECs obtained from amniotic tissues at different gestational ages and passages during in vitro culture.

A Systematic Computational Framework for Practical Identifiability Analysis in Mathematical Models arising from biology.

Practical identifiability is a critical concern in data-driven modeling of mathematical systems. In this paper, we propose a novel framework for practical identifiability analysis to evaluate parameter identifiability in mathematical models of biological systems. Starting with a rigorous mathematical definition of practical identifiability, we demonstrate its equivalence to the invertibility of the Fisher Information Matrix.

Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Cross-Linked Gel Polymer Electrolyte for Optimizing the Solvation Structure of Lithium Ions.

Lithium metal electrodes inevitably lead to the decomposition of the liquid electrolyte and lithium dendrite growth, both of which result in the formation of unstable solid electrolyte intermediates (SEIs). Gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) are expected to replace liquid electrolytes for optimizing the SEI issues of lithium metal. Herein, a cellulose-based gel electrolyte cross-linked by thiol-modified polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (thiol-modified-POSS) was successfully obtained based on "thiol-ene" click chemistry.

Intravenous lidocaine decreased oxygen-desaturation episodes induced by propofol-based sedation for gastrointestinal endoscopy procedures: a prospective, randomized, controlled trial.

Background: As a popularly used analgesic adjuvant, intravenous (IV) lidocaine could reduce the consumption of propofol in painless gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy. However, whether IV lidocaine could affect the incidence of oxygen-desaturation episodes (ODE) during painless GI endoscopy is still unknown. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that IV lidocaine could decrease the incidence of propofol-induced ODE and involuntary movements in patients during GI endoscopy.

Calcified chondroid mesenchymal neoplasm: a clinicopathological and molecular analysis.

Aims: Calcified chondroid mesenchymal neoplasm (CCMN) is a recently identified category of soft tissue neoplasms defined by cartilage or cartilaginous matrix formation and gene fusions. Its rarity and similarities to other soft tissue tumours pose diagnostic challenges. This study aims to deepen understanding of CCMN, highlighting molecular pathology's role in diagnosis to reduce misdiagnosis, overdiagnosis and overtreatment.

Non-canonical hepatic androgen receptor mediates glucagon sensitivity in female mice through the PGC1α/ERRα/mitochondria axis.

Glucagon has recently been found to modulate liver fat content, in addition to its role in regulating gluconeogenesis. However, the precise mechanisms by which glucagon signaling synchronizes glucose and lipid metabolism in the liver remain poorly understood. By employing chemical and genetic approaches, we demonstrate that inhibiting the androgen receptor (AR) impairs the ability of glucagon to stimulate gluconeogenesis and lipid catabolism in primary hepatocytes and female mice.

Fanlian Huazhuo formula: A promising therapeutic approach for metabolic associated steatotic liver disease.

This article reviews the study, "Fanlian huazhuo formula alleviates high-fat-diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by modulating autophagy and lipid synthesis signaling pathway" published in the . The study explores the therapeutic potential of Fanlian Huazhuo formula (FLHZF) in treating metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), demonstrating that FLHZF reduces lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, and liver injury in MASLD models by modulating key signaling pathways involved in lipid metabolism and autophagy. This editorial emphasizes the potential of FLHZF as a treatment for MASLD and calls for further research to verify its clinical efficacy.

Fucoidan Attenuates Cardiac Remodeling by Inhibiting Galectin-3 Secretion, Fibrosis, and Inflammation in a Mouse Model of Pressure Overload.

Background/objectives: Fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide derived from marine algae, is known for its antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties. Galectin-3 (Gal-3), a protein associated with cardiovascular fibrosis, has been identified as a potential therapeutic target in cardiac remodeling. This study aimed to evaluate whether fucoidan could inhibit Gal-3 activity and mitigate cardiac remodeling in a mouse model of pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy.

Intravenous injection of PCSK9 gain-of-function mutation in C57BL/6J background mice on Angiotensin II-induced AAA.

Objective: This study was performed to compare the incidence of Angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) between intravenous and intraperitoneal injection of AAV8.mPCSK9 in wild-type (WT) mice with C57BL/6J background and the pathological differences of above model in WT and ApoE mice.

Design: Male WT mice were injected intraperitoneally or intravenously with either a AAV8.

Melittin inhibits MPP-induced HT22 cell death by suppressing Bax activation and improving mitochondrial function.

Melittin (MEL) is the main bioactive component of bee venom and has been reported to have various pharmacological effects. This study investigates the protective effect of MEL on MPP-injured HT22 cells and the possible mechanisms involved. We treated the cells with 4 mM MPP for 24 h to induce a cellular injury model.

Mass Acquisition of Dirac Fermions in Bi_{4}I_{4} by Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking.

Massive Dirac fermions, which are essential for realizing novel topological phenomena, are expected to be generated from massless Dirac fermions by breaking the related symmetry, such as time-reversal symmetry in topological insulators or crystal symmetry in topological crystalline insulators. Here, we report scanning tunneling microscopy and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy studies of α-Bi_{4}I_{4}, which reveals the realization of massive Dirac fermions in the (100) surface states without breaking the time-reversal symmetry. Combined with first-principles calculations, our experimental results indicate that the spontaneous symmetry breaking engenders two nondegenerate edge states at the opposite sides of monolayer Bi_{4}I_{4} after the structural phase transition, imparting mass to the Dirac fermions after taking the interlayer coupling into account.

Polymerization of dietary fructans differentially affects interactions among intestinal microbiota of colitis mice.

The intestinal microbiota plays a critical role in maintaining human health and can be modulated by dietary interventions and lifestyle choices. Fructans, a dietary carbohydrate, are selectively utilized by the intestinal microbiota to confer health benefits. However, the specific effects of different fructan types on microbial changes and functions remain incompletely understood.

2,3 : 6,7-Naphthalenediimide-Based Chiral Triangular Macrocycle: Self-Assembled Helix, Outer π-Surface Directed Co-Assembly and Circularly Polarized Luminescence.

Here, we report the synthesis and self-assembly of a novel chiral 2,3 : 6,7-naphthalenediimide-based triangular macrocycle (NDI-Δ) and its chiroptical properties. The enantiomeric NDI-Δ is synthesized by condensation of (RR) or (SS)-trans-1,2-cyclohexanediamine and 2,3,6,7-naphthalenetetracarboxylic 2,3 : 6,7-dianhydride, in which the chirality of the macrocycles is controlled by the diamine. With the rigid outer π-surface, the macrocycle exhibits unique chiroptical properties and self-assembly modes.

Ambiguities in neural-network-based hyperedge prediction.

A hypergraph is a generalization of a graph that depicts higher-order relations. Predicting higher-order relations, i.e.