Impact of power ultrasound on the quality of leafy green produce through a multifrequency, multimode, modulated system.

Ultrasound technology has been increasingly explored as an eco-friendly method to improve the microbial safety of leafy greens. However, its effect on produce quality is critical, and considerable knowledge gaps remain in this area. The present study examined the response of leafy greens to ultrasound treatment as shown by tissue damage and sensory quality, using a novel multifrequency, multimode, modulated (MMM) system to address the issue of nonuniform ultrasound field distribution.

Enhancing physicochemical, bioactive, and nutritional properties of sweet potatoes: Ultrasonic contact drying with slot jet nozzles compared to hot-air drying and freeze drying.

Sweet potatoes are a rich source of nutrients and bioactive compounds, but their quality can be impacted by the drying process. This study investigates the impact of slot jet reattachment (SJR) nozzle and ultrasound (US) combined drying (SJR + US) on sweet potato quality, compared to freeze-drying (FD), SJR drying, and hot air drying (HAD). SJR + US drying at 50 °C closely resembled FD in enhancing quality attributes and outperformed HAD and SJR in key areas such as rehydration, shrinkage ratios, and nutritional composition.

Biopsy Quotas: Ethical Implications of Financial Incentives and Penalties on Dermatologic Care Providers.

The evolution of healthcare payment models has profoundly influenced clinical practices and physician decision-making. While fee-for-service (FFS) models incentivize procedural volume, systems based on Relative Value Units (RVUs) have introduced standardized metrics to compensate physicians based on care complexity and workload. As corporations increasingly own healthcare, financial incentives such as RVUs and procedural quotas raise ethical concerns.

Phenylpropanoid dimers from Chrysanthemum indicum with antioxidant effects via activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway.

Five phenylpropanoid dimers chrysanthephenyls A-E, with the 1-O-1'-type (1) and 1-O-2'-type (2-5) ether bond linking modes, were isolated from the aerial parts of Chrysanthemum indicum. Among them, chrysanthephenyls D and E were two pairs of enantiomers, and chrysanthephenyl E was further resolved into its enantiomers (+)-chrysanthephenyl E and (-)-chrysanthephenyl E via chiral-phase HPLC. Their structures were characterized on the basic analysis of the spectroscopic techniques (IR, HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR), and their absolute configurations were determined by DP4+ NMR analysis and ECD calculation method.

SENP2 negatively regulates RIG-I/MDA5 mediated innate immunity in black carp.

Mammalian SUMO specific peptidase 2 (SENP2) plays vital roles in a variety of biological procedures including the immune response. However, the effects of teleost SENP2 are still mostly unexplored. In this study, the SENP2 of black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus) was cloned and characterized.

Attachment and removal of porcine rotavirus (PRV) and Tulane virus (TV) on fresh and artificial phylloplanes of Romaine lettuce and Carmel spinach as affected by ultrasonication in combination with oxidant- or surfactant-based sanitizer(s).

This work examined the attachment of porcine rotavirus (PRV) and Tulane virus (TV), a surrogate for human norovirus, to fresh and artificial phylloplanes of Romaine lettuce and Carmel spinach. The effect of produce type, sanitizer, and ultrasound treatment on removal of PRV and TV from produce and artificial surfaces was also investigated. Sanitization was performed with two oxidant-based sanitizers (chlorine and peroxyacetic acid) and one surfactant-based sanitizer (0.

Association of glymphatic clearance function with imaging markers and risk factors of cerebral small vessel disease.

Background: Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a common disease in the elderly, and its pathogenesis is still being explored. Glymphatic clearance function can be evaluated by diffusion tensor imaging analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) index. This study aims to investigate the changes in glymphatic clearance function in CSVD patients and its relationship with imaging markers and risk factors of CSVD.

Prognostic value of thrombocytopenia during hospitalizations in intracerebral hemorrhage patients.

Background: The thrombocytopenia influences prognoses of critically ill patients. There are few studies exploring the prognostic value of thrombocytopenia among ICH patients. We perform this study to explore the correlation between thrombocytopenia at different timepoints of hospitalizations and mortality of ICH.

HSC70 functions as a negatively regulator in IFN signaling pathway via suppressing K63-linked ubiquitination of RIG-I in black carp.

Heat shock cognate 70 (HSC70), a highly conserved molecular chaperone in the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) family, plays an essential role in maintaining the homeostasis of the cellular environment. Furthermore, although previous studies have investigated potential function of HSC70 in innate antiviral immunity, further research is still required to fully elucidate its role. In this study, we cloned and characterized the HSC70 homolog gene from black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus), which consists of 1950 nucleotides encoding 650 amino acids, migrates at approximately 71 kDa on SDS-PAGE, and is distributed in the cytoplasm.

Hyaluronic acid-functionalized ruthenium photothermal nanoenzyme for enhancing osteosarcoma chemotherapy: Cascade targeting and bidirectional modulation of drug resistance.

Insufficient drug delivery efficiency in vivo and robust drug resistance are two major factors to induce suboptimal efficacy in chemotherapy of osteosarcoma (OS). To address these challenges, we developed polysaccharide hyaluronic acid (HA)-functionalized ruthenium nanoaggregates (Ru NAs) to enhance the chemotherapy of doxorubicin (DOX) for OS. These NAs, comprising Ru nanoparticles (NPs) and alendronate-modified HA (HA-ALN), effectively load DOX, resulting in DOX@Ru-HA-ALN NAs.

Differential neutrophil responses in murine following intraperitoneal injections of and .

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the proportion of neutrophils among leukocytes, in various tissues following intraperitoneal injection of and in mice.

Methods: Twelve specific-pathogen free (SPF) male mice, aged eight weeks, were segregated into three groups, each containing four mice. Two of these groups were subjected to intraperitoneal injections of and , both in high concentrations, to establish mouse models of inflammation.

Persistent human babesiosis with low-grade parasitemia, challenges for clinical diagnosis and management.

Human babesiosis, caused by several parasites and transmitted by tick bites and other blood-associated containments, has emerged as a major public health threat around the world. In the absence of readily discernible clinical manifestations, the diagnosis of human babesiosis has been contingent upon the identification of parasites through the utilization of detection arrays. Nevertheless, cases of persistent and relapsing babesiosis with low-grade parasitemia have been sporadically observed in patients with and without immunosuppression, prompting a challenge to the reliability of routine clinical laboratory tests and efficient anti-babesial therapy.

Review and revamp of compositional data transformation: A new framework combining proportion conversion and contrast transformation.

Due to the development of next-generation sequencing technology and an increased appreciation of their role in modulating host immunity and their potential as therapeutic agents, the human microbiome has emerged as a key area of interest in various biological investigations of human health and disease. However, microbiome data present a number of statistical challenges not addressed by existing methods, such as the varying sequencing depth, the compositionality, and zero inflation. Solutions like scaling and transformation methods help to mitigate heterogeneity and release constraints, but often introduce biases and yield inconsistent results on the same data.

Accuracy of Medicaid Physician Directories of Board-Certified Pediatric Dermatologists.

Patients may rely on health insurance physician directories to determine who is in-network and inaccuracies in these directories may lead to delayed access to treatment, unexpected out-of-pocket costs, and increased barriers to care. This cross-sectional study quantifies the accuracy of state-specific Medicaid directories regarding board-certified pediatric dermatologists, and compares physicians listed accurately with those listed inaccurately by type of practice and region of practice. The accuracy of all state Medicaid physician directories was 84.

A Fully Integrated Orthodontic Aligner With Force Sensing Ability for Machine Learning-Assisted Diagnosis.

Currently, the diagnosis of malocclusion is a highly demanding process involving complicated examinations of the dental occlusion, which increases the demand for innovative tools for occlusal data monitoring. Nevertheless, continuous wireless monitoring within the oral cavity is challenging due to limitations in sampling and device size. In this study, by embedding high-performance piezoelectric sensors into the occlusal surfaces using flexible printed circuits, a fully integrated, flexible, and self-contained transparent aligner is developed.

Mesoporous Silica Nano-Modified Ginsenoside Rh2 Promote Tumor Immunosuppression and Inhibit Lung Cancer Development through the PD-1/PD-L1 Pathway.

Objective: To explore the mechanism for mesoporous silica nano-modified ginsenoside Rh2 promoting tumor immunosuppression in lung cancer through PD-1/PD-L1 pathway.

Methods: Firstly, G-Rh2-MSN were prepared and lung cancer A549 cells were cultured. The following groups were set up to analyze whether G-Rh2-MSN down-regulates PD-1/PD-L1 to promote tumor immunity, inhibit activities of lung cancer cells, and promote apoptosis: Model control group, G-Rh2 group, G-Rh2-MSN group, G-Rh2-MSN+PT001 group, G-Rh2-MSN+nivolumab group, G-Rh2-MSN+Durvalumab group, G-Rh2-MSN+atezolizumab group, and G-Rh2-MSN+nivolumab+Durvalumab group.