Oxidative stress in newborns by different modes of delivery.

Objectives: The aim of our study is to investigate the impact of the type of delivery - vaginal vs. cesarean section on oxidative damage determined as the lipid peroxidation (15-F2t-isoprostane (15-F2t-IsoP) in the cord blood of newborns and venous blood from mothers in two localities with different levels of air pollution: Ceske Budejovice (CB), a locality with a clean air, and Karvina, a locality with high air pollution.

Resutls: In Karvina, the concentration of PM2.

The impact of air pollution in the Southern Bohemia Region on fetuses and newborns.

Air pollution with increased concentrations of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (c-PAHs, represented by benzo[a]pyrene, B[a]P) affect fetal development, reduce birth weights (LBW) of newborns, and increases intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). The Southern Bohemia Region is believed to be one of the least air polluted regions in the Czech Republic. Monitoring air pollution in the city of České Budějovice from 2011-2015, PM2.

Medical and salutogenic approaches and their integration in taking prenatal and postnatal care of Czech women.

Objective: To compile a proposal of the system of taking complex prenatal, perinatal and postnatal care of pregnant women and their children in the Czech Republic with taking into account medical and salutogenic approaches.

Material And Methods: A questionnaire was prepared comprising questions for mothers and making it possible to exactly use specified data from their healthcare documentation. The method thus consisted of a secondary data analysis and subsequent contact with mothers.

Nonadaptive processes governing early stages of polyploid evolution: Insights from a primary contact zone of relict serpentine Knautia arvensis (Caprifoliaceae).

• Premise of the study: Contact zones between polyploids and their diploid progenitors may provide important insights into the mechanisms of sympatric speciation and local adaptation. However, most published studies investigated secondary contact zones where the effects of genome duplication can be confounded by previous independent evolution of currently sympatric cytotypes. We compared genetically close diploid and autotetraploid serpentine cytotypes of Knautia arvensis (Caprifoliaceae) in a primary contact zone and evaluated the role of adaptive and nonadaptive processes for cytotype coexistence.

[Developmental impairment of children with very low and extremely low birth weight at 24 months corrected age, born in the Czech Republic in 2000-2009].

Objective: To evaluate the incidence of neonatal morbidity (NM), and developmental impairments (DIs) of very low (VLBW) and extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants born in 2000-2009.

Design: Epidemiological study.

Setting: Outpatient clinics for children with perinatal risk at the regional neonatal centers.

Relationship between cytokine IL 6 levels and early-onset neonatal morbidity.

Unlabelled: Perinatal infections exert considerably negative effects on morbidity and mortality of newborns.

Hypothesis: elevations of cytokine IL levels may be used as a marker of early-onset neonatal infections.

Targets: to establish relationships between elevated IL 6 cytokine levels and neonatal morbidity (cranial and pulmonary).

The importance of antibiotic prophylaxis in GBS-positive parturient women.

Background: Bacterial streptococcal colonization of the vagina of a pregnant woman can be transferred to her newborn and induce a septic disease. The aim was to emphasize the requirements of timely intrapartal administration of antibiotics to prevent the transfer of GBS strains to the newborn.

Material/methods: Three thousand two hundred seventy-eight pregnant women were evaluated who delivered babies during a 17-month period in 2006 and 2007 at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Ceské Budejovice.

Necrotizing enterocolitis in children with low birth-weight induced with mucormycose strains.

Background: The nosocomial occurrence of mycotic infections negatively affects results of the neonatal care in newborns in the sense of their increased mortality and morbidity.

Aim: The communication presented here is focused on an analysis of predisposing factors and clinical patterns of infections induced with mucormycosis strains. The authors provided an analysis of six case reports concerning newborns that died in association with nosocomial infections, where mucormycosis strains were microbiologically and microscopically detected in autopsy.