Publications by authors named "Hanzhi Wu"

This study systematically evaluated the toxic effects of fluconazole on the cardiovascular development of zebrafish. Zebrafish embryos were treated with different concentrations of fluconazole (200, 400, and 800 μg/ml) to observe its impact on heart development, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, apoptosis, and hemoglobin production. The results showed that as the concentration of fluconazole increased, significant changes in zebrafish heart structure were observed, along with a notable reduction in heart rate.

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Background And Aims: Currently, the influence of metabolic syndrome (Mets) on the plaque characteristics and prognosis of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is poorly understood. Thus, the study aimed to characterize the pancoronay plaques of ACS patients with Mets using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and to evaluate the cohort's prognosis.

Methods: Between February 2015 and September 2020, 745 ACS patients who underwent OCT imaging of the three coronary arteries were included, divided into Mets (n = 252) and non-Mets (n = 493) groups.

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Enhanced anthropogenic activity strength has altered the watershed particulate transport and material cycle resulting in organic pollutant deposition changes in Dongting Lake associated with unclear ecological risk. In the present study, dual biomarkers i.e.

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Background: The relationship between novel anthropometric indices, specifically a body shape index (ABSI) and body roundness index (BRI), with abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) or severe AAC (SAAC) is unclear. The aim of our study was therefore to investigate possible relationships between novel anthropometric indices and prevalence of AAC and SAAC.

Methods: We obtained U.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates the link between iron metabolism and blood pressure changes as well as the risk of hypertension in the U.S. population using data from the NHANES database from 1999-2020.
  • Researchers analyzed various iron markers (serum iron, serum ferritin, and soluble transferrin receptor) to determine their relationship with blood pressure and hypertension prevalence.
  • Results showed a complex relationship: serum ferritin linked to hypertension in a J-curve fashion, while serum iron and soluble transferrin receptor correlated negatively and positively with hypertension risk, respectively.
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Redox signaling and cardiac function are tightly linked. However, it is largely unknown which protein targets are affected by hydrogen peroxide (HO) in cardiomyocytes that underly impaired inotropic effects during oxidative stress. Here, we combine a chemogenetic mouse model (HyPer-DAO mice) and a redox-proteomics approach to identify redox sensitive proteins.

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Redox metabolism is increasingly investigated in cancer as driving regulator of tumor progression, response to therapies and long-term patients' quality of life. Well-established cancer therapies, such as radiotherapy, either directly impact redox metabolism or have redox-dependent mechanisms of action defining their clinical efficacy. However, the ability to integrate redox information across signaling and metabolic networks to facilitate discovery and broader investigation of redox-regulated pathways in cancer remains a key unmet need limiting the advancement of new cancer therapies.

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Background: The aim of this study is to investigate a new mechanism that may affect spontaneous abortions (SA): Can long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE-1) insertions in embryo cells lead to early SA?

Methods: The method involves prospective study on new mechanism of human early SA. Twenty SA tissues and 10 induced abortion (IA) tissues were utilized for this experiment. Western Blot, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction were used to analyze different LINE-1 proteins and mRNA expression between early SA tissues and early IA tissues.

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The upper reaches of the Yangtze River have experienced increasing anthropogenic stress. Quantitative tracing of carbon (C) sources and ecological risks through biomarkers i.e.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to investigate the genetic causes of a child's global developmental and intellectual disabilities.
  • Techniques used for analysis included chromosome karyotyping, CNV-seq, and high-resolution chromosome banding to identify genomic variants in the child and parents.
  • Results showed a specific deletion on chromosome 18 linked to Pitt-Hopkins syndrome in the child, which was not present in the parents, highlighting the effectiveness of these genetic testing methods.
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RAD51 is a critical recombinase that functions in concert with auxiliary mediator proteins to direct the homologous recombination (HR) DNA repair pathway. We show that Cys319 RAD51 possesses nucleophilic characteristics and is important for irradiation-induced RAD51 foci formation and resistance to inhibitors of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). We have previously identified that cysteine (Cys) oxidation of proteins can be important for activity and modulated via binding to peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1).

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The recent development of mutant-selective inhibitors for the oncogenic KRAS allele has generated considerable excitement. These inhibitors covalently engage the mutant C12 thiol located within the phosphoryl binding loop of RAS, locking the KRAS protein in an inactive state. While clinical trials of these inhibitors have been promising, mechanistic questions regarding the reactivity of this thiol remain.

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Redox metabolism plays essential functions in the pathology of cancer and many other diseases. While several radiotracers for imaging redox metabolism have been developed, there are no reports of radiotracers for in vivo imaging of protein oxidation. Here we take the first step towards this goal and describe the synthesis and kinetic properties of a new positron emission tomography (PET) [F]Fluoro-DCP radiotracer for in vivo imaging of protein sulfenylation.

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It is imperative to develop novel therapeutic strategies for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementia syndromes based on solid mechanistic studies. Maintenance of memory and synaptic plasticity relies on de novo protein synthesis, which is partially regulated by phosphorylation of eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2) via its kinase eEF2K. Abnormally increased eEF2 phosphorylation and impaired mRNA translation have been linked to AD.

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Human peroxiredoxins (Prx) are a family of antioxidant enzymes involved in a myriad of cellular functions and diseases. During the reaction with peroxides (e.g.

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Abl family kinases are nonreceptor tyrosine kinases activated by diverse cellular stimuli that regulate cytoskeleton organization, morphogenesis, and adhesion. The catalytic activity of Abl family kinases is tightly regulated in cells by a complex set of intramolecular and intermolecular interactions and post-translational modifications. For example, the platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRβ), important for cell proliferation and chemotaxis, is a potent activator of Abl family kinases.

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Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used nanomaterials in both commercial and clinical biomedical applications, but the molecular mechanisms underlying their activity remain elusive. In this study we profiled proteomics and redox proteomics changes induced by AgNPs in two lung cancer cell lines: AgNPs-sensitive Calu-1 and AgNPs-resistant NCI-H358. We show that AgNPs induce changes in protein abundance and reversible oxidation in a time and cell-line-dependent manner impacting critical cellular processes such as protein translation and modification, lipid metabolism, bioenergetics, and mitochondrial dynamics.

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Plasmodium falciparum causes the deadliest form of malaria. Adequate redox control is crucial for this protozoan parasite to overcome oxidative and nitrosative challenges, thus enabling its survival. Sulfenylation is an oxidative post-translational modification, which acts as a molecular on/off switch, regulating protein activity.

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(Ct) is a bacterial intracellular pathogen responsible for a plethora of diseases ranging from blindness to pelvic inflammatory diseases and cervical cancer. Although this disease is effectively treated with antibiotics, concerns for development of resistance prompt the need for new low-cost treatments. Here we report the activity of spilanthol (SPL), a natural compound with demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties, against Ct infections.

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Inter-individual response to dietary interventions remains a major challenge to successful weight loss among older adults. This study applied metabolomics technology to identify small molecule signatures associated with a loss of fat mass and overall weight in a cohort of older adults on a nutritionally complete, high-protein diet. A total of 102 unique metabolites were measured using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) for 38 adults aged 65-80 years randomized to dietary intervention and 36 controls.

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Redox (portmanteau of reduction-oxidation) reactions involve the transfer of electrons between chemical species in biological processes fundamental to life. It is of outmost importance that cells maintain a healthy redox state by balancing the action of oxidants and antioxidants; failure to do so leads to a multitude of diseases including cancer, diabetes, fibrosis, autoimmune diseases, and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. From the perspective of precision medicine, it is therefore beneficial to interrogate the redox phenotype of the individual-similar to the use of genomic sequencing-in order to design tailored strategies for disease prevention and treatment.

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Redox-mediated protein modifications control numerous processes in both normal and disease metabolism. Protein sulfenic acids, formed from the oxidation of protein cysteine residues, play a critical role in thiol-based redox signaling. The reactivity of protein sulfenic acids requires their identification through chemical trapping, and this paper describes the use of the triphenylphosphonium (TPP) ion to direct known sulfenic acid traps to the mitochondria, a verified source of cellular reactive oxygen species.

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Sulforaphane (SFN), a phytochemical found in broccoli and other cruciferous vegetables, is a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent with reported effects in cancer chemoprevention and suppression of infection with intracellular pathogens. Here we report on the impact of SFN on infection with Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct), a common sexually transmitted pathogen responsible for 131 million new cases annually worldwide. Astoundingly, we find that SFN as well as broccoli sprouts extract (BSE) promote Ct infection of human host cells.

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS), in particular HO, regulate intracellular signaling through reversible oxidation of reactive protein thiols present in a number of kinases and phosphatases. HO has been shown to regulate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling depending on the cellular context. We report here that in human articular chondrocytes, the MAPK family member c-Jun N-terminal kinase 2 (JNK2) is activated by fibronectin fragments and low physiological levels of HO and inhibited by oxidation due to elevated levels of HO The kinase activity of affinity-purified, phosphorylated JNK2 from cultured chondrocytes was reversibly inhibited by 5-20 μm HO Using dimedone-based chemical probes that react specifically with sulfenylated cysteines (RSOH), we identified Cys-222 in JNK2, a residue not conserved in JNK1 or JNK3, as a redox-reactive site.

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Hybrid molecules have been developed which are comprised of a tyrosine kinase-targeted, quinazoline-based scaffold and a flexibly linked dia(m)minechloridoPt(ii) moiety. The target compounds maintain high affinity and selectivity for ErbB family kinase proteins and one of the derivatives induces platinum adducts with a pharmacologically important cysteine residue.

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