Application of Raman Spectroscopy in the Non-invasive Diagnosis of Urological Diseases via Urine.

Objectives: The objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the utilization of Raman spectroscopy in urinary system diseases, highlighting its potential in non-invasive diagnostic methodologies for early diagnosis and prognostic assessment of urinary ailments.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar using 'raman,' 'bladder,' 'kidney,' 'prostate,' 'cancer,' 'infection,' 'stone or urinary calculi,' and 'urine or urinary,' along with 'AND' and 'OR' to refine our search. We excluded irrelevant articles and screened potential ones based on titles and abstracts before assessing the full texts for relevance and quality.

Photochemical Transformation of Ibuprofen and Chlorophene Induced by Dissolved Organic Matter.

Both ibuprofen (IBP) and chlorophene (CP) are frequently detected contaminants in surface aqueous environment. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is an important component in water with high photo-reactivity, playing an important role in the transformation processes of various organic pollutants. This study systematically studied the influence of DOM on the photochemical transformation of IBP and CP by using humic acid as model DOM.

Nulliparous Individuals with Class III Obesity: Adverse Outcomes with Labor versus Planned Cesarean Delivery.

Objective:  Individuals with class III obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 40 kg/m) are at increased risk of cesarean delivery (CD) and peripartum complications. We ascertained compositive neonatal and maternal adverse outcomes among individuals with class III obesity who labored versus had planned CD.

Study Design:  This was a retrospective cohort study from 2016 to 2021 using the National Vital Statistics System database.

SOX7 inhibits the malignant progression of bladder cancer via the DNMT3B/CYGB axis.

Bladder cancer (BCa) stands out as a highly prevalent malignant tumor affecting the urinary system. The Sex determining region Y-box protein family is recognized for its crucial role in BCa progression. However, the effect of Sex determining region Y-box 7 (SOX7) on BCa progression has not been fully elucidated.

Congenital Syphilis in Live Births: Adverse Outcomes, Hospital Length of Stay, and Costs.

Objective: To examine temporal trends and risk factors for congenital syphilis in newborn hospitalizations and to evaluate the association between adverse outcomes and congenital syphilis and health care utilization for newborn hospitalizations complicated by congenital syphilis.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional study using data from the National Inpatient Sample to identify newborn hospitalizations in the United States between 2016 and 2020. Newborns with congenital syphilis were identified with International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification codes.

Trends and Outcomes among Pregnancy and Nonpregnancy-Related Hospitalizations with Diabetic Ketoacidosis.

Objective:  The study's primary objective was to evaluate adverse outcomes among reproductive-age hospitalizations with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), comparing those that are pregnancy-related versus nonpregnancy-related and evaluating temporal trends.

Study Design:  We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study using the National Inpatient Sample to identify hospitalizations with DKA among reproductive-age women (15-49 years) in the United States (2016-2020). DKA in pregnancy hospitalizations was compared with DKA in nonpregnant hospitalizations.

Large for Gestational Age and Adverse Outcomes: Stratified By Diabetes Status.

Objective:  To examine the association of adverse outcomes among parturients with large for gestational age (LGA; birth weight ≥ 90) newborns, stratified by diabetes status. Additionally, we described the temporal trends of adverse outcomes among LGA neonates.

Study Design:  This retrospective cohort study used the U.

Rationally designing of Co-WS catalysts with optimized electronic structure to enhance hydrogen evolution reaction.

Designing and developing cost-effective, high-performance catalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is crucial for advancing hydrogen production technology. Tungsten-based sulfides (WS) exhibit great potential as efficient HER catalysts, however, the activity is limited by the larger energy required for water dissociation under alkaline conditions. Herein, we adopt a top-down strategy to construct heterostructure Co-WS nanofiber catalysts.

Gestational diabetes mellitus and late preterm birth: outcomes with and without antenatal corticosteroid exposure.

Background: Unlike pregestational diabetes mellitus, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommends antenatal corticosteroids in those with gestational diabetes mellitus at risk for preterm birth. However, this recommendation is based on limited data, only 10.6% of the Antenatal Late Preterm Steroids study sample had gestational diabetes mellitus.

Spinal Hypotension and Time from Spinal-to-Delivery in Scheduled Cesarean Deliveries: Association with Neonatal Acidosis.

Objective: This work aimed to study the effect of sustained hypotension after spinal on neonatal acidosis and adverse outcomes in those undergoing scheduled cesarean delivery (CD) with universal prophylactic vasopressor exposure and to examine differences in spinal-to-delivery time by neonatal acidosis status.

Study Design: This retrospective cohort study conducted at a quaternary care center from January 2019 to December 2021 included singleton, term, nonanomalous pregnancies, with scheduled CD under spinal anesthesia. Hypotension was defined as a systolic blood pressure (SYS-BP) < 100 mm Hg (SYS-BP100) or a >20% drop from baseline blood pressure (SYS-BP20).

Constructing CoO/Mo C Heterostructures with Interfacial Electron Redistribution Induced by Work Functions for Boosting Overall Water Splitting.

Space charge transfer of heterostructures driven by the work-function-induced built-in field can regulate the electronic structure of catalysts and boost the catalytic activity. Herein, an epitaxial heterojunction catalyst of CoO/Mo C with interfacial electron redistribution induced by work functions (WFs) is constructed for overall water splitting via a novel top-down strategy. Theoretical simulations and experimental results unveil that the WFs-induced built-in field facilitates the electron transfer from CoO to Mo C through the formed "Co─C─Mo" bond at the interface of CoO/Mo C, achieving interfacial electron redistribution, further optimizing the Gibbs free energy of primitive reaction step and then accelerating kinetics of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).

Time to Completion of Two-Step Screening for Gestational Diabetes and Adverse Outcomes.

Objective: This study aimed to ascertain whether the length of time to complete the gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) screening was associated with adverse neonatal outcomes.

Study Design: This was a retrospective cohort study of singleton, nonanomalous individuals who were screened for GDM at ≥24 weeks' gestation at an academic hospital system. We compared outcomes among people who were diagnosed with GDM and completed the 3-hour glucose tolerance test (GTT) ≤14 second versus >14 days from the 1-hour glucose challenge test (GCT).

Venous Thromboembolism After Abdominal and Minimally Invasive Large Specimen Hysterectomy.

Study Objective: To investigate the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients undergoing large specimen hysterectomy for benign indications. To evaluate the impact of route of surgery and operative time in the development of VTE in this population.

Design: Retrospective cohort study (Canadian Task Force Classification II2) of targeted hysterectomy data prospectively collected from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program involving over 500 hospitals across the United States.

Pregnancy-Associated Stroke and Outcomes Related to Timing and Hypertensive Disorders.

Objective: To estimate temporal trends of stroke in the peripartum period and to assess the relationship between stroke and maternal adverse outcomes vis-à-vis timing and hypertension.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional study using the National Inpatient Sample to identify hospitalizations with pregnancy-associated stroke in the United States (2016-2019). Temporal trends in pregnancy-associated stroke were examined according to timing of stroke (antepartum vs postpartum) and both prepregnancy and pregnancy hypertensive disorders (yes vs no).

Effect of a Multimedia Educational Tool on Contraception Use 1 Year Postpartum.

Funding Source: Supported in part by a research grant from Investigator-Initiated Studies program of Organon. The opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent Organon.

Clinical Trial Registraion: ClinicalTrials.

Factors associated with exclusive formula feeding among individuals with low-risk pregnancies in the United States.

Background: Better understanding of the factors associated with formula feeding during the hospital stay can help in identifying potential lactation problems and promote early intervention. Our aim was to ascertain factors associated with exclusive formula feeding in newborns of low-risk pregnancies.

Methods: A population-based, retrospective study using the United States vital statistics datasets (2014-2018) evaluating low-risk pregnancies with a nonanomalous singleton delivery from 37 to 41 weeks.

Racial and Ethnic Disparities among Pregnancies with Chronic Hypertension and Adverse Outcomes.

Objective: We aimed to ascertain whether the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in the United States among individuals with chronic hypertension differed by maternal race and ethnicity and to assess the temporal trend.

Study Design: Population-based retrospective study using the U.S.

Risk factors and outcomes in people with stroke associated with pregnancy: A retrospective single-center cohort.

Objective: To describe timing, antecedent events, and outcomes in pregnancy-related stroke (PAS).

Methods: Retrospective single-center cohort of all PAS within 42 days of delivery from September 2010 to May 2021. Data were abstracted from medical records.

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Primary Cesarean Birth and Adverse Outcomes Among Low-Risk Nulliparous People.

Objective: To compare trend of primary cesarean delivery rate and composite neonatal and maternal adverse outcomes in low-risk pregnancies among racial and ethnic groups: non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, and Hispanic.

Methods: This population-based cohort study used U.S.

Factors associated with long-acting reversible contraception usage: Results from the National Survey of Family Growth.

Objective: The authors aimed to identify factors associated with long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) usage.

Methods: The current cross-sectional study used data from the National Survey of Family Growth from 2011 to 2019. Respondents aged 15 to 44 years were included.

Maternal Education Level Among People with Diabetes and Associated Adverse Outcomes.

Objective: The aim of the study is to determine the relation between education and adverse outcomes in individuals with pregestational or gestational diabetes.

Study Design: This population-based cohort study, using the U.S.

Educational Multimedia Tool Compared With Routine Care for the Uptake of Postpartum Long-Acting Reversible Contraception in Individuals With High-Risk Pregnancies: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To assess whether an intervention with a multimedia educational tool, compared with routine care, would increase the use of long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARC) at 12 weeks postpartum in individuals with high-risk pregnancies.

Methods: In this single-center randomized trial, we assigned individuals aged 13-50 years with high-risk pregnancies to either a multimedia educational tool or routine care. Participants were included during pregnancy through postpartum day 1.