Which Morphological Features of Facet Diastasis Predict Thoracolumbar Posterior Ligamentous Complex Injury as Defined by Magnetic Resonance Imaging?

Background: The association of various morphological features of facet diastasis with posterior ligamentous complex (PLC) injury has not been previously described. This study aims to determine the diagnostic value of facet diastasis subtypes for diagnosing thoracolumbar PLC injury.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 337 consecutive patients with acute thoracolumbar fractures who had computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) within 10 days of injury.

How Often Would MRI Change the Thoracolumbar Fracture Classification or Decision-Making Compared to CT Alone?

Study Design: retrospective study of consecutive patients.

Objective: to analyze the frequency of change in Thoracolumbar fractures (TLFs) classification or decision-making after MRI compared by CT alone.

Methods: A retrospective review of 244 consecutive patients with acute TLFs (T1-L5) presented to a single level 1 trauma center between 2014 and 2021.

Functional Outcome After Primary Decompressive Craniectomy for Acute Subdural Hematoma in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.

Aim: To evaluate the impact of primary decompressive craniectomy (DC) on the functional outcome in patients with post traumatic acute subdural hematoma (SDH).

Material And Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis of 92 patients with post traumatic acute SDH who underwent primary DC and evacuation of SDH. The primary outcome variable is Glasgow outcome scale at 6 months follow up, while exposure variables are demographic data (age and gender), initial Glasgow coma scale, Marshall Classification Score of traumatic brain injury, midline shift, side of the lesion, surgery related complications and time of cranioplasty.

Traumatic low lumbar fractures: How often MRI changes the fracture classification or clinical decision-making compared to CT alone?

Purpose: To determine the impact of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on fracture classification for low lumbar fractures (LLFs) compared to CT alone.

Methods: This study was a retrospective review of 41 consecutive patients with LLFs who underwent CT and MRI within 10 days of injury. Three reviewers classified all fractures according to AOSpine Classification and the Thoracolumbar Injury Classification (TLISS).

Can Vertical Laminar Fracture Further Discriminate Fracture Severity Between Thoracolumbar AO Type A3 and A4 Fractures?

Objective: To determine whether vertical laminar fracture (VLF) can distinguish between AO type A3 and A4 fractures.

Methods: In a retrospective review of 111 consecutive acute thoracolumbar burst fractures, 5 reviewers independently analyzed computed tomography scans to classify fractures into A3 or A4 and to identify VLF. The following computed tomography parameters were measured: spinal canal stenosis >50%, anterior vertebral height ratio <50%, load sharing score >6, and local kyphosis >20°.

Fractures of C2 (Axis) Vertebra: Clinical Presentation and Management.

Background: Injuries of the upper cervical spine are a major cause of morbidity and mortality due to associated spinal cord and head injuries. The injury patterns of the upper cervical spine are numerous, and the neurologic sequelae are diverse. The axis (C2) is the most commonly fractured vertebra in the upper cervical spine; its unique anatomy and architecture pose difficulties in the diagnosis and the management of its fractures.

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in patients with COVID-19 infection.

Background: Despite the COVID-19 infection is more frequently related to acute respiratory distress but there is an increasing evidence of a heterogeneous spectrum of multi-system involvement including the central nervous system. Thromboembolic events after COVID-19 infection have been reported mainly in the pulmonary vasculature however; thromboembolic complications of the nervous system with subsequent cerebrovascular stroke have been increasingly reported. The most common cerebrovascular complication after COVID-19 infection is ischemic stroke however there is also reported cases of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in such patients as well.

Can brain natriuretic peptide, S100b, and interleukin-6 prognosticate the neurological consequences in Egyptian patients presented with supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage?

Background: Biomarkers in supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH) enhance the prognosis of the disease. This study aimed to assess the prognosticative grade of S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and the pro-brain natriuretic peptide (pro-BNP) in SICH outcome prediction.

Methods: Blood samples of 50 SICH patients were analyzed for the biomarkers.

An Epidemiological Overview of Spinal Trauma in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Introduction: The World Report on Road Traffic Injury Prevention indicates that by 2020, road traffic injuries will be a major killer, accounting for half a million deaths and 15 million disability-adjusted life years. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) has one of the highest rates of spinal cord injuries in the world, with 62 people injured per 1 million, and the injuries are mostly due to traffic accidents.

Methods: All polytrauma patients associated with spinal injuries admitted to Prince Mohammed bin Abdul Aziz Hospital (PMAH), Riyadh, from January 2017 to June 2018, were included in this study.

Interobserver Agreement of White Matter Tract Involvement in Gliomas with Diffusion Tensor Tractography.

Aim:  To assess with diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) the interobserver agreement of white matter tract involvement in patients with gliomas.

Patient And Methods:  A prospective study was conducted on 35 patients (21 male, 14 female; age: 2-71 years) with gliomas that underwent DTT. Two independent readers assessed the patterns of involvement of the corticospinal tract, corpus callosum, optic radiation, and fasciculi as normal, edematous, displaced, infiltrated, or disrupted.

Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma Staging with a Novel Nominal Basis: An 18-Year Study in a Tertiary Center.

Objective: To develop a systematic method for anatomic mapping of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) tumors to standardize communication, facilitate surgical planning, and convey prognosis.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort.

Setting: Tertiary referral center.

Assessment of diffusion tensor imaging metrics in differentiating low-grade from high-grade gliomas.

Aim: The aim of this article is to assess diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics in differentiating low-grade from high-grade gliomas.

Patients And Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 35 patients with gliomas who underwent DTI. Gliomas were classified into low-grade and high-grade gliomas.

Effect of olmesartan and pravastatin on experimental cerebral aneurysms in rats.

The major initiation process of intracranial aneurysms is thought to involve endothelial dysfunction due to hemodynamic stress. Angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers and statins improve vascular endothelium function. The effects of olmesartan and pravastatin were investigated on the development of experimental aneurysms in rats.

Fasudil, a Rho-kinase inhibitor, attenuates induction and progression of cerebral aneurysms: experimental study in rats using vascular corrosion casts.

Fasudil (a Rho-kinase inhibitor) has been shown to attenuate abdominal aortic aneurysm development, but any preventive effect against development of cerebral aneurysms is unclear. The effect of fasudil on the development of cerebral aneurysms was investigated in 55 female Sprague-Dawley rats divided into 4 groups: Group 1 (n=10) was the control group without treatment. Groups 2-4 (n=15 each) were subjected to cerebral aneurysm induction procedures plus 1% NaCl in the drinking water.

Simplified experimental cerebral aneurysm model in rats: comprehensive evaluation of induced aneurysms and arterial changes in the circle of Willis.

Establishing a simple and comprehensive experimental model is one of the most important issues in the study of cerebral aneurysms. Previous models in the rat required two stage surgeries and observations were limited to a few branching sites. The present study aimed to introduce a simplified model in rats and to provide a comprehensive evaluation of induced arterial changes in the circle of Willis.