DPP Inhibition Enhances the Efficacy of PD-1 Blockade by Remodeling the Tumor Microenvironment in Lewis Lung Carcinoma Model.

The remarkable efficacy of cancer immunotherapy has been established in several tumor types. Of the various immunotherapies, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors are most extensively used in the treatment of many cancers in clinics. These inhibitors restore the suppressed antitumor immune response and inhibit tumor progression by blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling.

Hsa_circ_0092856 Promoted the Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of NSCLC Cells by Up-Regulating the Expression of eIF3a.

Circular RNA (circRNA) plays a very important regulatory role in a variety of human malignancies such as non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In the current study, we explored the role of hsa_circ_0092856 in the progression of NSCLC. We screened CircRNA from the gene in the Circbase database.

Systematic Mendelian randomization study of the effect of gut microbiome and plasma metabolome on severe COVID-19.

Background: COVID-19 could develop severe respiratory symptoms in certain infected patients, especially in the patients with immune disorders. Gut microbiome and plasma metabolome act important immunological modulators in the human body and could contribute to the immune responses impacting the progression of COVID-19. However, the causal relationship between specific intestinal bacteria, metabolites and severe COVID-19 remains not clear.

Proteomic profiling of eIF3a conditional knockout mice.

Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit A (eIF3a) is the largest subunit of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF3). eIF3a plays an integral role in protein biosynthesis, hence impacting the onset, development, and treatment of tumors. The proteins regulated by eIF3a are still being explored .

Establishing a Prediction Model for the Efficacy of Platinum-Based Chemotherapy in NSCLC Based on a Two Cohorts GWAS Study.

Platinum drugs combined with other agents have been the first-line treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the past decades. To better evaluate the efficacy of platinum-based chemotherapy in NSCLC, we establish a platinum chemotherapy response prediction model. Here, a total of 217 samples from Xiangya Hospital of Central South University were selected as the discovery cohort for a genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) to select SNPs.

A two-stage genome-wide association study identifies novel germline genetic variations in CACNA2D3 associated with radiotherapy response in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background: Radiotherapy (RT) is the standard treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, due to individual differences in radiosensitivity, biomarkers are needed to tailored radiotherapy to cancer patients. However, comprehensive genome-wide radiogenomic studies on them are still lacking.

Genetic Variants in Double-Strand Break Repair Pathway Genes to Predict Platinum-Based Chemotherapy Prognosis in Patients With Lung Cancer.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations of genetic variants in double-strand break (DSB) repair pathway genes with prognosis in patients with lung cancer treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. Three hundred ninety-nine patients with lung cancer who received platinum-based chemotherapy for at least two cycles were included in this study. A total of 35 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in DSB repair, base excision repair (BER), and nucleotide excision repair (NER) repair pathway genes were genotyped, and were used to evaluate the overall survival (OS) and the progression-free survival (PFS) of patients who received platinum-based chemotherapy using Cox proportional hazard models.

CHMFL-BMX-078, a BMX inhibitor, overcomes the resistance of melanoma to vemurafenib via inhibiting AKT pathway.

Our recent study demonstrated eIF3a loss contributes to vemurafenib resistance in melanoma by activating ERK. However, overexpression of eIF3a in the clinic is not feasible to produce vemurafenib re-sensitization, and ERK inhibitors combined with vemurafenib still exhibit limited effectiveness in the treatment of melanoma. Here, using the human receptor tyrosine kinase phosphorylation antibody array, we observed that silencing eIF3a could activate BMX, a tyrosine kinase.

Coadministration of metformin prevents olanzapine-induced metabolic dysfunction and regulates the gut-liver axis in rats.

Objective: Olanzapine is widely prescribed for patients with mental disorders; however, it may induce metabolic dysfunction. Metformin is an efficient adjuvant for preventing olanzapine-induced metabolic dysfunction in clinical practice. Although the mechanism of how metformin prevents this metabolic dysfunction remains unknown, changes in the gut-liver axis are considered a potential explanation.

Metformin attenuates antipsychotic-induced metabolic dysfunctions in MK801-induced schizophrenia-like rats.

Rationale: Second-generation antipsychotics are the first-line medications prescribed for schizophrenic patients; however, some of them, such as olanzapine and risperidone, may induce metabolic dysfunctions during short-term treatment. Metformin is an effective adjuvant that attenuates antipsychotic-induced metabolic dysfunctions (AIMD) in clinical practice. Whether metformin can reverse AIMD and whether metformin affects the therapeutic effects of antipsychotics in animal models of schizophrenia are questions that still need to be investigated.

Changes in groundwater dissolved organic matter character in a coastal sand aquifer due to rainfall recharge.

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) in groundwater is fundamentally important with respect to biogeochemical reactions, global carbon cycling, heavy metal transport, water treatability and potability. One source of DOM to groundwater is from the transport of organic matter from the vadose zone by rainfall recharge. Changes in precipitation patterns associated with natural climate variability and climate change are expected to alter the load and character of organic matter released from these areas, which ultimately impacts on groundwater quality and DOM treatability.

Effect of Metformin on Antipsychotic-Induced Metabolic Dysfunction: The Potential Role of Gut-Brain Axis.

Antipsychotics are the first-line medications prescribed for patients with schizophrenia or other mental disorders. Cumulative evidence has revealed that metabolic dysfunctions frequently occur in patients receiving antipsychotics, especially second-generation antipsychotics, and these effects may decrease patient compliance and increase health costs. Metformin is an effective pharmaceutical adjuvant for ameliorating antipsychotic-induced metabolic dysfunction (AIMD) in clinical practice.