Traditional HO photocatalysis primarily depends on photoexcited electrons and holes to drive oxygen reduction and water oxidation, respectively. However, singlet oxygen (O), often underappreciated, plays a pivotal role in HO production. Meanwhile, photocatalytic biomass conversion has attracted attention, yet studies combining HO synthesis with biomass valorization remain rare and typically yield low-value products.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Adventitious root (AR) culture is an effective method for the production of Hypericum perforatum raw materials. However, the ARs are seldom utilized in practical applications. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of H.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEmerging neuromorphic hardware promises energy-efficient computing by colocating multiple essential functions at the individual component level. The implementation is challenging due to mismatch between the characteristics of multifunctional devices and neural networks. Here, we demonstrate an artificial synapse based on a 2D α-phase indium selenide that exhibits integrated perception-and-computing-in-memory functions in a single-transistor setup, serving as a basic building block for reservoir computing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFarmed fish are regularly subjected to various stressors due to farming practices, and their effect in the context of a disease outbreak is uncertain. This research evaluated the effects of unpredictable repeated stress in rainbow trout challenged with the ciliate , known to cause white spot disease in freshwater fish. Before and after the pathogen exposure, fish were handled with a random rotation of three procedures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIEEE Trans Image Process
October 2024
In this work, by re-examining the "matching" nature of Anomaly Detection (AD), we propose a novel AD framework that simultaneously enjoys new records of AD accuracy and dramatically high running speed. In this framework, the anomaly detection problem is solved via a cascade patch retrieval procedure that retrieves the nearest neighbors for each test image patch in a coarse-to-fine fashion. Given a test sample, the top-K most similar training images are first selected based on a robust histogram matching process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Boltzmann Tyranny, set by thermionic statistics, dictates the lower limit of switching slope (SS) of a MOSFET to be 60 mV/dec, the fundamental barrier for low-dissipative electronics. The large SS leads to nonscalable voltage, significant leakage, and power consumption, particularly at short channels, making transistor scaling an intimidating challenge. In recent decades, an array of steep-slope transistors has been proposed; none is close to an ideal switch with ultimately abrupt switching (SS ∼ 0 mV/dec) between the binary logic states.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCholesterol is an important component of plasma membranes and participates in many basic life functions, such as the maintenance of cell membrane stability, the synthesis of steroid hormones, and myelination. Cholesterol plays a key role in the establishment and maintenance of the central nervous system. The brain contains 20% of the whole body's cholesterol, 80% of which is located within myelin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPopulus pseudo-cathayana × Populus deltoides is a crucial artificial forest tree species in Northeast China. The presence of the fall webworm (Hyphantria cunea) poses a significant threat to these poplar trees, causing substantial economic and ecological damage. This study conducted an insect-feeding experiment with fall webworm on P.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: Marine ecosystems are facing escalating environmental fluctuations owing to climate change and human activities, imposing pressures on marine species. To withstand recurring environmental challenges, marine organisms, especially benthic species lacking behavioral choices to select optimal habitats, have to utilize well-established strategies such as the antioxidant defense system (ADS) to ensure their survival. Therefore, understanding of the mechanisms governing the ADS-based response is essential for gaining insights into adaptive strategies for managing environmental challenges.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBased on the electron-withdrawing effect of the Pt(bpy)Cl molecule, a simple post-modification amide reaction was firstly used to graft it onto the surface of NH-MIL-125, which performed as a highly efficient electron acceptor that induced the conversion of the photoinduced charge migration pathway from internal BDC→TiO migration to external BDC→PtN migration, significantly improving the efficiency of photoinduced electron transfer and separation. Furthermore, precisely regulating over the first coordination sphere of Pt single atoms was achieved using further post-modification with additional bipyridine to investigate the effect of Pt-N coordination numbers on reaction activity. The as-synthesized NML-PtN exhibited superior photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity of 7.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLessertia frutescens is a perennial shrub of commercial importance in South Africa, but the scarcity of plant resources has limited current product production. In this study, to provide an alternative approach for obtaining L. frutescens material, adventitious roots (ARs) were induced from sterilized seedlings and cultured in a suspension culture system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe auxin/indole-3-acetic acid () and auxin response factor () genes are two crucial gene families in the plant auxin signaling pathway. Nonetheless, there is limited knowledge regarding the and gene families in . In this study, we first identified 33 putative and 35 in the genome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlternative splicing (AS), a pivotal biological process contributing to phenotypic plasticity, creates a bridge linking genotypes with phenotypes. Despite its importance, the AS mechanisms underlying environmental response and adaptation have not been well studied, and more importantly, the - and -acting factors influencing AS variation remain unclear. Using the model invasive congeneric ascidians, , and , we compared their AS responses to environmental changes and explored the potential determinants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhotocatalysis is currently a hot research field, which provides promising processes to produce green energy sources and other useful products, thus eventually benefiting carbon emission reduction and leading to a low-carbon future. The development and application of stable and efficient photocatalytic materials is one of the main technical bottlenecks in the field of photocatalysis. Perovskite has excellent performance in the fields of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CORR), organic synthesis and pollutant degradation due to its unique structure, flexibility and resulting excellent photoelectric and catalytic properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFis a significant ornamental and economically-important tree species, known for its fragrant flowers, which are a source of high-quality honey production. However, the regulatory mechanisms involved in aroma formation during flower development in remains limited. The current study revealed the detection of plant hormones at every assessed stage of flower development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAs a rising branch of advanced oxidation processes, persulfate activation has attracted growing attention. Unlike catalysts that have been widely studied, the selection of persulfate is previously overlooked. In this study, the affecting factors of persulfates were studied.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDue to the widespread commercial production and use of brominated flame retardants (BFRs) in China, their potential impact on human health development should not be underestimated. This review searched the literature on Polybrominated diphenyl ethers and Novel brominated flame retardant (PBDEs and NBFRs) (broad BFRs) in the aquatic environment (including surface water and sediment) in China over the last decade. It was found that PBDEs and NBFRs entered the aquatic environment through four main pathways, atmospheric deposition, surface runoff, sewage effluent and microplastic decomposition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe recently unfolded ferroionic phenomena in 2D van der Waals (vdW) copper-indium-thiophosphate (CuInP S or CIPS) have received widespread interest as they allow for dynamic control of conductive switching properties, which are appealing in the paradigm-shift computing. The intricate couplings between ferroelectric polarization and ionic conduction in 2D vdW CIPS facilitate the manipulation and dynamic control of conductive behaviors. However, the complex interplays and underlying mechanisms are not yet fully explored and understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFis an endangered medicinal plant, and adventitious root (AR) culture is an effective way to obtain its raw materials. Yeast extract (YE) is a lower-price elicitor and can efficiently promote metabolite synthesis. In this study, the bioreactor-cultured ARs were treated with YE in a suspension culture system to investigate the elicitation effect of YE on flavonoid accumulation, serving for further industrial production.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRapid plastic response to environmental changes, which involves extremely complex underlying mechanisms, is crucial for organismal survival during many ecological and evolutionary processes such as those in global change and biological invasions. Gene expression is among the most studied molecular plasticity, while co- or posttranscriptional mechanisms are still largely unexplored. Using a model invasive ascidian , we studied multidimensional short-term plasticity in response to hyper- and hyposalinity stresses, covering the physiological adjustment, gene expression, alternative splicing (AS), and alternative polyadenylation (APA) regulations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLow temperature is an important environmental factor that affects the growth and development of trees and leads to the introduction of failure in the genetic improvement of trees. is a tree species that is well-known for its bright red autumn leaf color. These trees are widely used in landscaping in northeast China.
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