Right hemicolectomy for colon cancer: does the anastomotic configuration affect short-term outcomes?

Objectives: Right hemicolectomy is a common colorectal operation for resection of cancers of the right colon. The ileocolic anastomosis may be created using a stapled end-to-side, stapled side-to-side or handsewn technique. Anastomotic leak and post-operative bleeding are uncommon but serious causes of morbidity and mortality, while post-operative ileus contributes to prolonged length of stay.

Surgical management of splenic flexure cancer: is there an optimal technique? A bi-national registry analysis.

Background: Splenic flexure tumours (SFC) are uncommon and present at more advanced disease stages. The optimal surgical technique for SFC remains controversial. We sought to compare the short-term outcomes of a left hemicolectomy (LHC) versus an extended resection (subtotal colectomy, STC) for SFCs.

Mechanical bowel preparation with pre-operative oral antibiotics in elective colorectal resections: an Australian single institution experience.

Background: Anastomotic leaks (AL) and surgical site infections (SSI) are serious complications after colorectal resection. Studies have shown the benefits of pre-operative oral antibiotics (OAB) with mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) in reducing AL and SSI rates. We aim to investigate our experience with the short-term outcomes of AL and SSI following elective colorectal resections in patients receiving OAB with MBP versus MBP only.

Does intra-operative humidification with warmed CO reduce surgical site infection in open colorectal surgery? A randomized control trial.

Backgrounds: Surgical site infections (SSI) are a significant cause of postoperative morbidity and mortality, contributing to a considerable financial burden on the healthcare system. Insufflation of the open surgical wound with warm, humidified carbon dioxide (CO ) is a novel measure aimed to reduce SSI. The local atmosphere of warm, humidified CO within the open surgical wound is proposed to decrease airborne contamination, bacterial growth, desiccation, and heat loss while improving tissue oxygenation and perfusion.

Radical vs. Local Excision in Rectal Carcinoma T1N0M0: Recurrence and Mortality Rates.

Local transanal excision of early rectal carcinoma is an appealing treatment because of its low morbidity rates and better functional results than radical resection. However, this treatment approach is controversial due to its association with local recurrence when compared to the latter. This review aims to compare the local recurrence and mortality rates of local vs.

Ileocolic anastomosis after right hemicolectomy: stapled end-to-side, stapled side-to-side, or handsewn?

Purpose: Anastomotic leak (AL) following ileocolic anastomosis is a cause of significant morbidity and mortality. Stapled end-to-side (ESA), stapled side-to-side (SSA), and handsewn anastomoses (HSA) are commonly performed techniques. There is however conflicting data on the superiority of one technique over the other.

Evaluation of Urinalysis-Based Screening for Urothelial Carcinoma in Patients With Lynch Syndrome.

Background: Approximately 5% to 10% of patients with Lynch syndrome develop urothelial carcinoma. Current screening recommendations vary and are based on expert opinion. Practices need to be evaluated for clinical effectiveness.

Is colorectal cancer associated with altered bowel habits in young patients?

Background: There is a rising incidence in young-onset colorectal cancer, with these patients falling outside of routine screening programmes. The aim of the study is to characterize the nature of altered bowel habits in young patients who are diagnosed with colorectal cancer.

Methods: A retrospective audit was conducted of adult patients younger than 45 years admitted under a Colorectal Surgery unit (Dandenong Hospital, Victoria) from 2011 to 2019 for the resection of colorectal cancer.

Management options for rectal variceal bleeding in the setting of hepatic encephalopathy.

Bleeding related to rectal varices associated with portal hypertension is rare but life-threatening, and requires prompt treatment. We reviewed the literature for patients with this complex presentation and current recommendations, and commented on a case at our institution of a 68-year-old man with Child-Pugh B alcoholic liver cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy who presented with profuse life-threatening rectal variceal bleeding. Treatment options for rectal varices in patients with hepatic encephalopathy were reviewed and a management algorithm was devised from current knowledge in the literature.

Lower peripouch fat area is related with increased frequency of pouch prolapse and floppy pouch complex in inflammatory bowel disease patients.

Background: Pouch prolapse is a rare pouch complication which often leads to pouch failure in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. Its exact cause remains unknown. Floppy pouch complex (FPC) was defined as the presence of any one of the following pouch disorders: pouch prolapse, afferent limb syndrome (ALS), redundant loop, and pouch folding.

CoA Synthase () Mediates Radiation Resistance via PI3K Signaling in Rectal Cancer.

Neoadjuvant radiation is standard of care for locally advanced rectal cancer. Response to radiation is highly variable and directly linked with survival. However, there currently are no validated biomarkers or molecular targets to predict or improve radiation response, which would help develop personalized treatment and ideally targeted therapies.

Clinical significance of multiple gene detection with a 22-gene panel in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens of 207 colorectal cancer patients.

Background: Simultaneous detection of multiple molecular biomarkers is helpful in the prediction of treatment response and prognosis for colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.

Methods: A 22-gene panel consisting of 103 hotspot regions was utilized in the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples of 207 CRC patients, using the next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based multiplex PCR technique. Those 22 genes included AKT1, ALK, BRAF, CTNNB1, DDR2, EGFR, ERBB2, ERBB4, FBXW7, FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, KRAS, MAP2K1, MET, NOTCH1, NRAS, PIK3CA, PTEN, SMAD4, STK11, and TP53.