Biomarkers.

Background: Co-morbid Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology is a major risk factor for cognitive impairment (CI) in PD, but whether and how AD co-pathology affects the clinical phenotype of PD-CI is incompletely understood. Recently validated plasma biomarkers for AD pathology, such as ptau217, hold great promise to revolutionize the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we used plasma ptau217 to detect AD co-pathology in a well-characterized cohort of PD patients with CI and examine its associations with APOE4 genotype, cognitive profile, and cerebral hypometabolism on FDG-PET.

Mapping the molecular mechanism of zinc catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction: a computational study.

The Suzuki-Miyaura Coupling (SMC) reaction is a powerful method for forming carbon-carbon bonds in organic synthesis. Recent advancements in SMC reactions have introduced first-row transition metal catalysts, with zinc garnering significant interest due to its cost-effective and eco-friendly nature. Despite progress in experimental protocols, the mechanistic details of zinc-catalyzed SMC reactions are limited.

Formulation Design, Optimization, and Evaluation of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Loaded With an Antiviral Drug Tenofovir Using Box-Behnken Design for Boosting Oral Bioavailability.

The current study aimed to improve the oral bioavailability of tenofovir (TNF), an antihuman immunodeficiency viral (HIV) drug, by integrating it into solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), an emerging lipid formulation. The suggested SLNs were generated utilizing the microemulsion process, using Compritol 888 ATO. A Box-Behnken experimental design was attempted to analyze the impact of critical quality attributes (CQAs), such as lipid and surfactant content and homogenization duration on response metrics such as particle size (PS) and percentage entrapment.

Alcohol use profile, motivation to quit, and attitude toward drinking in participants of a community alcohol de-addiction camp and a clinical setting: A comparative study.

Background: Due to a lack of awareness and inadequate health infrastructure, the treatment gap for any mental illness is increasing in lower- and middle-income countries, including India. As an alternative to institutional treatment, community de-addiction camps play an important role.

Method: This comparative study examined alcohol use profiles, motivation to quit, and attitudes toward drinking in 84 participants, equally divided between a community alcohol de-addiction camp ( = 42) and a clinical setting ( = 42).

A Systematic Review on Safety and Efficacy of Ayurvedic Interventions in Hemiplegia ().

The study's objective is to conduct a comprehensive systematic review for assessing the safety and efficacy of Ayurvedic interventions in managing hemiplegia/Pakshaghata. The study involved a search across multiple online databases and online clinical trial registries. Additionally, major Ayurveda postgraduate institutes were contacted to acquire unpublished trial data related to hemiplegia/Pakshaghata.

Interactions between lncRNAs and cyclins/CDKs complexes; key players in determining cancer cell response to CDKs inhibitors.

Transcription takes place over a significant portion of the human genome. However, only a small portion of the transcriptome, roughly 1.2%, consists of RNAs translated into proteins; the majority of transcripts, on the other hand, comprise a variety of RNA families with varying sizes and functions.

Epidermal Growth Factor Receptors Unveiled: A Comprehensive Survey on Mutations, Clinical Insights of Global Inhibitors, and Emergence of Heterocyclic Derivatives as EGFR Inhibitors.

Mutations that overexpress the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are linked to cancers like breast (15-20%), head and neck (10-15%), colorectal (5-8%), and non-small cell lung cancer (10-50%), especially in East Asian populations. EGFR activation stimulates "RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK, PI3K/Akt, and MAPK" pathways, which enhance cell division, survival, angiogenesis, and tumor growth while inhibiting apoptosis and metastasis. Secondary mutations (e.

Equine piroplasmosis in different geographical areas in France: Prevalence heterogeneity of asymptomatic carriers and low genetic diversity of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi.

Equine piroplasmosis is a worldwide tick-borne disease caused by the parasites Theileria equi sensu lato and Babesia caballi, with significant economic and sanitary consequences. These two parasites are genetically variable, with a potential impact on diagnostic accuracy. Our study aimed to evaluate the frequency of asymptomatic carriers of these parasites in France and describe the circulating genotypes.

How critical is SME financial literacy and digital financial access for financial and economic development in the expanded BRICS block?

Introduction: The expanded BRICS block presents significant opportunities for SMEs (Small and Medium Enterprises), but challenges related to financial literacy and digital access hinder their potential. While global efforts emphasize financial literacy and digitization as key drivers of economic growth, especially in developing regions, their specific impact on SMEs in the BRICS block remains underexplored. This paper contributes to the literature by contextualizing how financial literacy and digital financial access influence SME sustainability and economic progress, particularly in light of ongoing efforts to bridge the digital divide.

The Future Hospital in Global Health Systems: The Future Hospital as an Entity.

Health care is changing rapidly. Hospitals are, and will remain, an essential setting to deliver it. We discuss how to maximise the benefits of hospitals in the future in different geographic and health system settings, highlighting a series of cross-cutting issues.

Synergistic design of CuO/CoFe₂O₄/MWCNTs ternary nanocomposite for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline under visible light.

This study involves a novel CuO/CoFe₂O₄/MWCNTs (CCT) nanocomposite, developed by integrating cobalt ferrite (CoFe₂O₄) and copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles onto multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), for the degradation of tetracycline (TC) under visible light. The photocatalyst was extensively characterized using XRD, HR-SEM, EDX, HR-TEM, UV-Vis, BET, and PL analysis. The synthesized CoFe₂O₄ and CuO nanoparticles exhibited crystallite sizes of 46.

Global burden of cancer pattern in 2020 & prediction to 2040 among older adults.

Background & objectives Cancer is one of the leading causes of death among older adults worldwide. The global burden of cancer among older individuals is increasing due to the ageing population. The increasing burden of cancer among older adults will pose significant social and economic challenges for the delivery of healthcare services.

Correlation of Two-Minute and Six-Minute Walk Tests With Spirometric Indices in Patients With Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease at a Selected Tertiary Care Hospital in Puducherry.

Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive respiratory condition characterised by airflow limitation and reduced exercise capacity. The Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) and Two-Minute Walk Test (2MWT) are commonly used to assess functional exercise capacity in COPD patients. This study aims to evaluate the correlation between the distance covered in the 2MWT and 6MWT with spirometric indices (such as Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV₁), Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), and FEV₁/FVC) in COPD patients.

Exploration of the Reasons for Poor Adherence Among Metabolic Syndrome Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in Tamil Nadu, India: A Mixed Method Study.

Background A major challenge in the treatment of MetS is the prevalence of low rates of adherence to the treatment regimen for individual components by the affected persons. This study aimed to estimate the medication adherence level among those with metabolic syndrome, determine the factors significantly associated with low adherence to medication, and explore the reasons for poor adherence to medication Materials and methods This sequential explanatory type of mixed method study was conducted among the metabolic syndrome patients attending the lifestyle clinic of a tertiary care hospital in the Salem district of Tamil Nadu, India. For the quantitative component, 210 was the sample size and for the qualitative component, the sample size was six.

Predictors of Mortality for Upper Extremity Penetrating Vascular Injuries (UEPVI).

Objectives: Our objective was to determine risk factors and operative outcomes for patients with upper extremity penetrating vascular injuries(UEPVI).

Methods: A retrospective review was performed of all adult UEPVI patients presenting to a level I trauma center between 1986 and 2019. Statistical analyses were performed to determine the independent predictors of mortality and hospital length of stay(LOS) among patients who underwent operative repair.

Endocrown: A Minimally Invasive Alternative to Conventional Fixed Prosthesis.

Endodontically treated teeth with compromised coronal tooth structure often require core build-ups with the support of radicular posts. In certain cases, the traditional post and core approach may not be possible due to various anatomical and clinical contraindications. Such cases require more meticulous planning and alternative treatment approaches for successful outcomes.

Differential gene expression profile in treated human gingival keratinocytes and their role in the development of HNSCC.

Background: Periodontitis is considered to be one of the major risk factors associated with cancers of the oral cavity. Periodontogenic pathogens such as and are the important pathogens associated with periodontitis. Chronic exposure to bacterial components induces changes in the nearby cells.

Development and Validation of a Yoga-Based Intervention for Speech Dysfunction and Speech Difficulties Among Patients With Parkinson's Disease.

Introduction Parkinson's disease (PD) is primarily thought to be brought on by the death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta of the basal ganglia. Communication difficulties are a common symptom of PD, affecting both motor speech and language systems. These challenges significantly impact the quality of life by reducing participation in communication, leading to social withdrawal, and increasing the risk of social isolation and stigma among individuals with PD.

A Successful Conservative Management of Twin Gestation of Complete Molar Gestation and Co-Existing Normal Fetus: A Case Report.

Twin pregnancies consisting of one normal fetus and one complete mole are very rare. The main concerning risks associated with the continuation of such pregnancy are hyperthyroidism, theca lutein cysts, preeclampsia, and the development of GTD (gestational trophoblastic disease) spectrum (neoplasia) in the mother, which is due to high human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) values, and intrauterine death and prematurity in the coexistent normal fetus. We report the successful outcome of conservative management in a healthy mother and baby.

A comprehensive review on early detection of drusen patterns in age-related macular degeneration using deep learning models.

Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness that affects the eye from the age of fifty-five and older. It impacts on the retina, the light-sensitive layer of the eye. In early AMD, yellowish deposits called drusen, form under the retina, which could result in distortion and gradual blurring of vision.

Assessment of Self-Medication Practices and Knowledge Among Medical Students in Chengalpattu District: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction: The practice of self-medication is wherein individuals initiate the use of medications without consulting a healthcare professional. College life is a period marked by academic, social, and personal changes. Due to their greater freedom and the pressure of academic success, students face various health issues.

Impact of cartoon-animated video, caregiver-supervised training, and pamphlet on plaque control, oral hygiene status, and oral hygiene knowledge, attitude, and practices in orphaned adolescents: A randomized controlled trial.

Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of cartoon animated video, caregiver-supervised training, and pamphlet-based oral health education on plaque control, oral hygiene status, and oral health knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) among orphaned adolescents with plaque-induced gingivitis.

Methods: A total of ninety adolescents were randomly selected and allocated into three different groups. Group A received the pamphlet (n = 30), Group B received the cartoon animated video (n = 30), and Group C received the caregiver-supervised training (n = 30).

Impact of maternal thyroid dysfunction on fetal and maternal outcomes in pregnancy: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy can adversely impact maternal and fetal outcomes. However, the association between thyroid status and specific adverse outcomes needs clarity, especially in understudied regions.

Objective: This prospective cohort study aimed to illuminate the multifaceted associations between maternal thyroid dysfunction and feto-maternal outcomes in Gujarat, India.