Frequency of Missing TNM Stage Data for Adults With Intellectual or Developmental Disabilities in a Provincial Cancer Registry-A Brief Report.

Background: Adults with intellectual or developmental disability (IDD) are at higher risk for incomplete cancer staging.

Aim: To compare unknown stage data between those with and without IDD.

Materials And Methods: We used the Ontario Cancer Registry linked to administrative health data between 2007 and 2019.

Investigating inequalities in cancer staging and survival for adults with intellectual or developmental disabilities and cancer: A population-based study in Manitoba, Canada.

Background: Cancer is a leading cause of death among adults living with intellectual or developmental disabilities (IDD). However, few epidemiological studies exist worldwide quantifying inequalities in cancer stage at diagnosis and survival for people with IDD relative to those without IDD.

Methods: A population-based, retrospective cohort study was conducted using provincial health and social administrative data in Manitoba, Canada.

Stage IV breast, colorectal, and lung cancer at diagnosis in adults living with intellectual or developmental disabilities: A population-based cross-sectional study.

Background: Cancer is a leading cause of death among people living with intellectual or developmental disabilities (IDD). Although studies have documented lower cancer screening rates, there is limited epidemiological evidence quantifying potential diagnostic delays. This study explores the risk of metastatic cancer stage for people with IDD compared to those without IDD among breast (female), colorectal, and lung cancer patients in Canada.

Median eminence myelin continuously turns over in adult mice.

Objective: Oligodendrocyte progenitor cell differentiation is regulated by nutritional signals in the adult median eminence (ME), but the consequences on local myelination are unknown. The aim of this study was to characterize myelin plasticity in the ME of adult mice in health or in response to chronic nutritional challenge and determine its relevance to the regulation of energy balance.

Methods: We assessed new oligodendrocyte (OL) and myelin generation and stability in the ME of healthy adult male mice using bromodeoxyuridine labelling and genetic fate mapping tools.

Implantable Defibrillator System Shock Function, Mortality, and Cause of Death After Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Background: Studies have shown that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) does not have clinically important effects on the device parameters of non-MRI-conditional implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs). However, data on non-MRI-conditional ICD detection and treatment of arrhythmias after MRI are limited.

Objective: To examine if non-MRI-conditional ICDs have preserved shock function of arrhythmias after MRI.

COVID-19 precautions experienced by a sample of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities.

Purpose: This study describes factors associated with COVID-19 precautions (i.e., self-isolation and the use of personal protective equipment) among a sample of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) in Ontario, Canada.

Short Report: The influence of congregate setting on positive COVID-19 tests among a high-risk sample of adults with intellectual and developmental disability in Ontario.

Background: For a number of reasons, persons with intellectual and developmental disability (IDD) are at increased risk of contracting COVID-19.

Aims: This study explored the influence of congregate setting on testing positive for COVID-19 among adults with IDD in Ontario.

Methods And Procedures: 833 home care recipients with IDD were included, 204 were tested at least once for COVID-19.

Genetically Predicted Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide (GIP) Levels and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Are Driven by Distinct Causal Variants in the Region.

There is considerable interest in GIPR agonism to enhance the insulinotropic and extrapancreatic effects of GIP, thereby improving glycemic and weight control in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity. Recent genetic epidemiological evidence has implicated higher GIPR-mediated GIP levels in raising coronary artery disease (CAD) risk, a potential safety concern for GIPR agonism. We therefore aimed to quantitatively assess whether the association between higher GIPR-mediated fasting GIP levels and CAD risk is mediated via GIPR or is instead the result of linkage disequilibrium (LD) confounding between variants at the locus.

The Relationship between MRI Radiofrequency Energy and Function of Nonconditional Implanted Cardiac Devices: A Prospective Evaluation.

Background The risks associated with MRI in individuals who have implanted cardiac devices are thought to arise from the interaction between the implanted device and static, gradient, and radiofrequency magnetic fields. Purpose To determine the relationship between the peak whole-body averaged specific absorption rate (SAR) and change in magnetic field per unit time (dB/dt), maximum specific energy dose, imaging region, and implanted cardiac device characteristics and their function in patients undergoing MRI. Materials and Methods This prospective observational cohort study was conducted from October 16, 2003, to January 22, 2015 (, NCT01130896).

Safety of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients with Cardiac Devices.

Background: Patients who have pacemakers or defibrillators are often denied the opportunity to undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) because of safety concerns, unless the devices meet certain criteria specified by the Food and Drug Administration (termed "MRI-conditional" devices).

Methods: We performed a prospective, nonrandomized study to assess the safety of MRI at a magnetic field strength of 1.5 Tesla in 1509 patients who had a pacemaker (58%) or an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (42%) that was not considered to be MRI-conditional (termed a "legacy" device).

Association of common variations on chromosome 4q25 and left atrial volume in patients with atrial fibrillation.

Aims: Recent studies have shown that several genetic variants near the PITX2 locus on chromosome 4q25 are associated with atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the mechanism that mediates this association remains unclear. Basic murine studies suggest that reduced PITX2 expression is associated with left atrial dilatation.

Impact of nonischemic scar features on local ventricular electrograms and scar-related ventricular tachycardia circuits in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy.

Background: The association of local electrogram features with scar morphology and distribution in nonischemic cardiomyopathy has not been investigated. We aimed to quantify the association of scar on late gadolinium-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance with local electrograms and ventricular tachycardia circuit sites in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy.

Methods And Results: Fifteen patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy underwent late gadolinium-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance before ventricular tachycardia ablation.

Myocardial structural associations with local electrograms: a study of postinfarct ventricular tachycardia pathophysiology and magnetic resonance-based noninvasive mapping.

Background: The association of scar on late gadolinium enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance (LGE-CMR) with local electrograms on electroanatomic mapping has been investigated. We aimed to quantify these associations to gain insights regarding LGE-CMR image characteristics of tissues and critical sites that support postinfarct ventricular tachycardia (VT).

Methods And Results: LGE-CMR was performed in 23 patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy before VT ablation.

A prospective evaluation of a protocol for magnetic resonance imaging of patients with implanted cardiac devices.

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is avoided in most patients with implanted cardiac devices because of safety concerns.

Objective: To define the safety of a protocol for MRI at the commonly used magnetic strength of 1.5 T in patients with implanted cardiac devices.

Quantitative assessment of artifacts on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging of patients with pacemakers and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators.

Background: The safety and clinical utility of MRI at 1.5 T in patients with cardiac implantable devices such as pacemakers (PM) and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICD) have been reported. This study aims to evaluate the extent of artifacts on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in patients with PM and ICD (PM/ICD).

Mitochondrial influence on aging rate in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Virtually every model of mitochondrial involvement in aging shares the underlying proposition that mitochondrial dysfunction will accelerate the rate of aging. Caenorhabditis elegans is a post-mitotic organism with limited capacity for replacement and repair, and there is a great deal of evidence that interventions which decrease the induction of damage extend lifespan in this model. However, decreased availability of ubiquinone in adulthood has also been found to promote longevity and stress resistance, and evidence tentatively supports decreased mitochondrial function under these conditions.

Mitochondria in heart ischaemia and aging.

We have examined the effect of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) upon mitochondrial Ca2+ content and dehydrogenase activation in the rat heart. Diets were either a conventional low-fat chow (Ref) or were rich in n-3 PUFAs from fish oils (n-3) or n-6 PUFAs from animal fat (n-6). We found that the n-3 diet minimized the rise in mitochondrial Ca2+ seen in response to positive inotropic intervention with noradrenaline, and also minimized the activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase, which is Ca2+ dependent.

Bcl-2 and Bcl-X(L) block thapsigargin-induced nitric oxide generation, c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase activity, and apoptosis.

The proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-X(L) prevent apoptosis, but their mechanism of action is unclear. We examined the role of Bcl-2 and Bcl-X(L) in the regulation of cytosolic Ca(2+), nitric oxide production (NO), c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK) activation, and apoptosis in Jurkat T cells. Thapsigargin (TG), an inhibitor of the endoplasmic reticulum-associated Ca(2+) ATPase, was used to disrupt Ca(2+) homeostasis.

Caspase-3-dependent cleavage of Bcl-2 promotes release of cytochrome c.

Caspases are cysteine proteases that mediate apoptosis by proteolysis of specific substrates. Although many caspase substrates have been identified, for most substrates the physiologic caspase(s) required for cleavage is unknown. The Bcl-2 protein, which inhibits apoptosis, is cleaved at Asp-34 by caspases during apoptosis and by recombinant caspase-3 in vitro.

Effect of long-term caloric restriction and exercise on muscle bioenergetics and force development in rats.

We evaluated the hypothesis that long-term caloric restriction and exercise would have beneficial effects on muscle bioenergetics and performance in the rat. By themselves, each of these interventions is known to increase longevity, and bioenergetic improvements are thought to be important in this phenomenon. Accordingly, we investigated rats that underwent long-term caloric restriction and were sedentary, ad libitum-fed rats permitted to exercise by daily spontaneous wheel running (AE), and the combination of the dietary and exercise interventions (RE).

Age-associated increase in 8-oxo-deoxyguanosine glycosylase/AP lyase activity in rat mitochondria.

The mitochondrial theory of aging postulates that organisms age due to the accumulation of DNA damage and mutations in the multiple mitochondrial genomes, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction. Among the wide variety of DNA damage, 8-oxo-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) has received the most attention due to its mutagenicity and because of the possible correlation between its accumulation and pathological processes like cancer, degenerative diseases and aging. Although still controversial, many studies show that 8-oxo-dG accumulates with age in the mitochondrial (mt) DNA.