Facialprofile determination using a novel face analyzer orthodontic mobile application.

Objectives: To find out the difference, the type of facial profile, and facial asymmetry between manual methods and mobile application, which is named the face analyzer orthodontic application. Facial profiles can be determined from the side of the face, categorized into three types: straight, convex, and concave profiles. Facial asymmetry refers to the imbalance between facial components concerning size, shape, and opposing positions of planes, lines, or points.

Dental Implant Osseointegration Inhibition by Nicotine through Increasing nAChR, NFATc1 Expression, Osteoclast Numbers, and Decreasing Osteoblast Numbers.

Objective:  The success of dental implants is determined by the osteointegration process. Many studies state that smoking cigarettes can inhibit osseointegration, but the inhibition mechanism is still unclear.The aim of this study was to identify and analyze the effect of nicotine on the inhibition of dental implant osseointegration through the expression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR), nuclear factor of activated T cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1), osteoclast, and osteoblast numbers.