Psychological and social determinants of adaptation: the impact of finances, loneliness, information access and chronic stress on resilience activation.

Background: Many people who face adversity, such as disasters, demonstrate resilience. However, less is known about reactions to large scale disasters with longer recovery periods. The concern is that protracted disasters may result in more chronic or accumulated stressors with an uncertain or unknown end point and can exhaust the natural coping methods and ability to rebound.

Work Environment and Health Care Workforce Well-Being: Mental Health and Burnout in Medically Underserved Communities Prone to Disaster.

Health care workers (n = 71) completed an online survey or participated in one of five focus groups. Clinical cutoff scores revealed concerning levels of depression (16%), anxiety, and burnout (49%). Qualitative responses (n = 172) yielded two themes: work environment and well-being.

Early mucosal events promote distinct mucosal and systemic antibody responses to live attenuated influenza vaccine.

Compared to intramuscular vaccines, nasally administered vaccines have the advantage of inducing local mucosal immune responses that may block infection and interrupt transmission of respiratory pathogens. Live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) is effective in preventing influenza in children, but a correlate of protection for LAIV remains unclear. Studying young adult volunteers, we observe that LAIV induces distinct, compartmentalized, antibody responses in the mucosa and blood.

Attitudes and perceptions towards public health safety measures during a global health crisis: Social and personal consequences.

The COVID-19 pandemic that spread throughout the globe has significantly altered our social and personal relationships. During the early phase of the pandemic, pharmaceutical interventions such as vaccine research and production were still in development, with international health agencies and governments promoting public health safety measures such as limiting mobility, school and work closures, lockdowns, economic incentives, mask-wearing, social distancing, quarantine, and hygiene to reduce the spread and flatten the curve regarding transmission and hospitalization. During the early wave (May 2020 through July 2020), we utilized a qualitative longitudinal research design coupled with weekly Zoom diary entries to investigate participant (n = 14) experiences.

Long-COVID stress symptoms: Mental health, anxiety, depression, or posttraumatic stress.

Objective: Currently, there is no single profile of mental health sequela in long-coronavirus disease (COVID) patients, impacting identification, treatment, and exacerbating stigma among this population. This article highlights the rationale for mental health professionals to consider a summary of mental health symptoms in long-COVID patients.

Method: This article provides an overview of the existing literature regarding the health and mental health impact of long COVID on patients and proposes an approach to conceptualizing mental health symptoms in individuals living with long COVID.

Nasal IL-13 production identifies patients with late-phase allergic responses.

Background: There is limited knowledge on how local cytokine secretion patterns after nasal allergen challenge correlate with clinical symptoms especially with regard to the "late allergic response," which occurs in approximately 40% to 50% of patients with allergy.

Objective: We sought to characterize the immunologic and clinical nasal responses to birch pollen allergen challenge with a special focus on the late allergic response.

Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, birch pollen-allergic participants were challenged with birch pollen extract (n = 20) or placebo (n = 10) on 3 consecutive days.

[Velopalatal coupling in sleep endoscopy: collapse-pattern based analysis of simulated airway opening].

Objective: Drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) is an established diagnostic procedure to assess the upper airway in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. During DISE airway opening is regularly simulated by various maneuvers. One of them is mandibular advancement by the modified jaw-thrust maneuver (MJTM).

Cellular and molecular features of COVID-19 associated ARDS: therapeutic relevance.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can be asymptomatic or cause a disease (COVID-19) characterized by different levels of severity. The main cause of severe COVID-19 and death is represented by acute (or acute on chronic) respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), often requiring hospital admission and ventilator support.The molecular pathogenesis of COVID-19-related ARDS (by now termed c-ARDS) is still poorly understood.

Mechanisms of recovery: Community perceptions of change and growth following multiple disasters.

Introduction And Purpose: The geographic location of the Gulf South leaves communities in continuous threat, response, and recovery disaster cycles. Hurricane Katrina in 2005 provided an opportunity to study disaster mental health. Less than 5 years after the storm, many Hurricane Katrina survivors were impacted again by the Deepwater Horizon Gulf oil spill.

Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation Therapy.

Hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HNS) has been shown to be a safe alternative in the treatment of moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). A recent meta-analysis of 12 studies by Costantino et al. indicated the surgical success rates at 55-75%, a reduction of the apnea hypopnea index (AHI) of 18 events/h, and a reduction of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) of 2.

Utilizing a Matrix Approach to Analyze Qualitative Longitudinal Research: A Case Example During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Qualitative Longitudinal Research (QLR) is an evolving methodology used in understanding the rich and in-depth experiences of individuals over time. QLR is particularly conducive to pandemic or disaster-related studies, where unique and rapidly changing environments warrant fuller descriptions of the human condition. Despite QLR's usefulness, there are a limited number of articles that detail the methodology and analysis, especially in the social sciences, and specifically social work literature.

COVID-19 behavioral health and quality of life.

In addition to concern about physical health consequences of COVID-19, many researchers also note the concerning impact on behavioral health and quality of life due to disruption. The purpose of this paper is to explore pathways of COVID-19 behavioral health and quality of life. We found increased anxiety, depression, and alcohol misuse and that the pandemic exacerbated prior problems.

Pathways to Care: How Help-Seeking Behaviors Relate to Duration of Untreated Psychosis and Treatment Engagement.

While much research has focused on the relationship between duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) and clinical outcomes in the first episode psychosis (FEP) patient population, little is known about the individual help-seeking episodes (HSE) that patients undergo before receiving appropriate care. The purpose of this project is to better understand how early referral to FEP-specific care and support system differences affect patients' DUP and engagement with treatment. Data from 50 patients was analyzed at the Early Psychosis Intervention Clinic of New Orleans (EPIC-NOLA) using a modified version of the Pathways to Care Assessments and data captured during clinical care.

Pulmonary Innate Lymphoid Cell Responses during Rhinovirus-induced Asthma Exacerbations : A Clinical Trial.

Type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are significant sources of type 2 cytokines, which are implicated in the pathogenesis of asthma and asthma exacerbations. The role of ILC2s in virus-induced asthma exacerbations is not well characterized. To characterize pulmonary ILC responses following experimental rhinovirus challenge in patients with moderate asthma and healthy subjects.

Mental health and well-being for aging adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic remains a significant mental health crisis. Although empirical research works to better understand the impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of the general population, some groups remain at greater risk for adverse mental health consequences. The purpose of this study is to better understand how COVID-19 experiences, food insecurities, and social support are associated with mental health and well-being for aging populations.

COVID-19 Mental Health Disparities.

Communities of color in the United States have been disproportionately impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Studies exploring the mental health implications of these disparities have only just begun to emerge. The purpose of this study is to better understand mental health concerns and test whether social determinants of health and COVID-19-related experiences influence these concerns.

Duration of deafness impacts auditory performance after cochlear implantation: A meta-analysis.

Objective: Hearing loss is a highly disabling condition. Cochlear implantation is an established remedy if conventional hearing aids have failed to alleviate the level of disability. Unfortunately, cochlear implant (CI) performance varies dramatically.

Impact of Smoking on the Survival of Patients With High-risk HPV-positive HNSCC: A Meta-analysis.

Background/aim: High risk Human papillomavirus (hr-HPV) and smoking are independant risk factors for head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). While hr-HPV HNSCC has a better prognosis than smoking-associated HNSCC no systematic data are yet available about the combined risk.

Patients And Methods: We performed a meta-analysis to assess the overall survival of HNSCC patients relative to the hr-HPV and smoking status.

Psychosis, Telehealth, and COVID-19: Successes and Lessons Learned From the First Wave of the Pandemic.

Objective: This brief report analyzes a first-episode psychosis (FEP) clinic's shift from in-person treatment to the provision of services through telemental health during the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. The feasibility of using this technology was examined by assessing client engagement.

Methods: The authors created and implemented procedures for the clinic's transition to telemental health.

Noninvasive and minimally invasive techniques for the diagnosis and management of allergic diseases.

Allergic diseases of the (upper and lower) airways, the skin and the gastrointestinal tract, are on the rise, resulting in impaired quality of life, decreased productivity, and increased healthcare costs. As allergic diseases are mostly tissue-specific, local sampling methods for respective biomarkers offer the potential for increased sensitivity and specificity. Additionally, local sampling using noninvasive or minimally invasive methods can be cost-effective and well tolerated, which may even be suitable for primary or home care sampling.

Neutrophilic inflammation in the respiratory mucosa predisposes to RSV infection.

The variable outcome of viral exposure is only partially explained by known factors. We administered respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) to 58 volunteers, of whom 57% became infected. Mucosal neutrophil activation before exposure was highly predictive of symptomatic RSV disease.

Adolescent risk substance use behavior, posttraumatic stress, depression, and resilience: Innovative considerations for disaster recovery.

Natural and technological disasters cause long-term psychological trauma and increase substance use in adults. It is unclear whether these problems also occur in children and whether trauma influences long-term psychological outcomes due to developmental stages at the time of trauma. One community of interest is located in southeastern Louisiana, where, as children, many locals were exposed to Hurricane Katrina in 2005 and the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill in 2010.