Iodide mumps after contrast media imaging: a rare adverse effect to iodine.

Background: Exposure to iodinated contrast media may elicit a variety of adverse reactions. Anaphylactoid and delayed cell-mediated unwanted effects are common; rare adverse reactions include iodine-related sialadenopathy, iododerma, and acneiform eruptions.

Objectives: To describe the occurrence of iodide mumps in a patient examined using contrast-enhanced computed tomography and to outline differential diagnoses.

The effect of osseous ankle configuration on chronic ankle instability.

Background: Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is a common orthopaedic entity in sport. Although other risk factors have been studied extensively, little is known about how it is influenced by the osseous joint configuration.

Aim: To study the effect of osseous ankle configuration on CAI.

MR angiography of the hand with subsystolic cuff-compression optimization of injection parameters.

Objective: The purpose of our study was to assess the impact of various injection rates on contrast-enhanced high-resolution 3D MR angiography of the hand.

Materials And Methods: Ten healthy individuals (mean age, 24.4 years; range, 20-27 years) underwent 3D contrast-enhanced MR angiography of both hands.

Calf muscles imaged at BOLD MR: correlation with TcPO2 and flowmetry measurements during ischemia and reactive hyperemia--initial experience.

Purpose: To prospectively compare the blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) magnetic resonance (MR) signal intensity of calf muscle during ischemia and reactive hyperemia with laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) and transcutaneous oxygen pressure (TcPo2) measurements, two parameters routinely used to evaluate peripheral arterial occlusive disease.

Materials And Methods: The study was institutional review board approved; all volunteers gave informed consent. Fifteen healthy volunteers (eight male, seven female; mean age, 33.

Blood oxygenation level-dependent magnetic resonance imaging of the skeletal muscle in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease.

Background: Blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been used to measure T2* changes in skeletal muscle tissue of healthy volunteers. The BOLD effect is assumed to primarily reflect changes in blood oxygenation at the tissue level. We compared the calf muscle BOLD response of patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) to that of an age-matched non-PAOD group during postischemic reactive hyperemia.

Differential diagnosis of pedal osteomyelitis and diabetic neuroarthropathy: MR Imaging.

Almost all diabetic foot infections originate from a foot ulcer. Decreased pain perception and structural deformities such as previous partial foot amputation, Charcot joints, and toe deformity in combination with chronic ischemia lead to a propensity for skin breakdown and subsequent infection. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is increasingly performed to evaluate for potential bone infection, but diagnosis of osteomyelitis can be complicated because signal changes from acute Charcot arthropathy, fractures, and postoperative residues may be mistaken for infection.

MRI characteristics of olecranon bursitis.

Objective: Our aim was to describe the MRI characteristics of septic and nonseptic olecranon bursitis.

Materials And Methods: MRI contrast-enhanced examinations (n = 19) of 35 patients with olecranon bursitis (septic, n = 14; nonseptic, n = 21) were jointly reviewed by two musculoskeletal radiologists. We evaluated bursa size, extent of marginal lobulation, septation, concomitant elbow joint effusion, soft-tissue edema, rim enhancement, soft-tissue enhancement, degree of fluid complexity, definition of bursa margins, presence of edema, thickening of the triceps tendon, and bone marrow edema.

MR imaging findings in spinal infections: rules or myths?

Purpose: To systematically evaluate magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings described as being indicative of spinal infection in patients with proven spinal infection.

Materials And Methods: Contrast material-enhanced spinal MR images obtained in 46 consecutive patients (22 women, 24 men; mean age, 58.2 years) with culture or histologic examination results positive for spinal infection were systematically evaluated by two observers.

Work-up of the diabetic foot.

Diabetes is a common disease with potentially devastating complications affecting the foot and ankle. A combination of vascular disease, peripheral neuropathy, and immunopathy results in a cascade of conditions including ischemia and infarction, tendinopathy, atrophy, edema, deformity, neuropathic osteoarthropathy, callus, ulceration, and infection. MRI is useful for evaluation of these complications, and assists the clinician in medical or surgical planning.

Tendon involvement in pedal infection: MR analysis of frequency, distribution, and spread of infection.

Objective: The objective of our study was to evaluate the frequency, distribution, and extent of tendon involvement in patients with pedal infections.

Materials And Methods: Contrast-enhanced MR imaging examinations of 159 infected feet performed at 1.5 T were reviewed by two musculoskeletal radiologists for the presence and location of tendon infection (peritendinous enhancement contiguous to an adjacent ulcer or cellulitis) and for the spread of infection along tendons, which was defined as peritendinous contrast enhancement extending more than 2 cm beyond surrounding cellulitis.

Pedal abscesses in patients suspected of having pedal osteomyelitis: analysis with MR imaging.

Purpose: To document the expected frequency, location, and size of pedal abscesses in patients with advanced foot infection.

Materials And Methods: Images obtained at contrast material-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging (at 1.5 T) of 161 feet of 51 women and 107 men (mean age, 58.

MR image analysis of pedal osteomyelitis: distribution, patterns of spread, and frequency of associated ulceration and septic arthritis.

Purpose: To evaluate the anatomic distribution of pedal osteomyelitis and septic arthritis in a large patient group with advanced pedal infection and to compare ulcer location with the distribution of osteomyelitis and septic arthritis.

Materials And Methods: Contrast material-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings were reviewed for 161 feet in 51 women and 107 men (82% of whom had diabetes mellitus) who were suspected of having osteomyelitis and who underwent tissue diagnosis. Location of skin ulceration and presence of osteomyelitis (indicated by means of low T1-weighted signal intensity, high T2-weighted signal intensity, and contrast enhancement) and septic arthritis (indicated by synovial enhancement and adjacent cellulitis) were evaluated by two musculoskeletal radiologists.

Is soft-tissue inflammation in pedal infection contained by fascial planes? MR analysis of compartmental involvement in 115 feet.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze compartmental involvement and patterns of spread of soft-tissue inflammation in pedal infection.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed 115 contrast-enhanced 1.5-T MR examinations of the foot in 41 women and 74 men with a mean age of 58.

Pelvic heterotopic ossification: MR imaging characteristics.

Purpose: To evaluate the magnetic resonance (MR) signal intensity characteristics of pelvic heterotopic ossification (HO) in various stages of maturation.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-six patients with HO proved at computed tomography (CT) (n = 17) or radiography (n = 19) who underwent 1.5-T pelvic MR imaging within 3 months were included.

Nonenhancing tissue on MR imaging of pedal infection: characterization of necrotic tissue and associated limitations for diagnosis of osteomyelitis and abscess.

Objective: We studied the frequency, location, extent, and signal characteristics of nonenhancing tissue in pedal infections and correlated those areas with surgical and histologic findings.

Materials And Methods: One hundred ten contrast-enhanced 1.5-T MR imaging foot examinations in 102 patients (28 women, 74 men; mean age, 59 years), 82% of whom had diabetes mellitus, were reviewed by two musculoskeletal radiologists for the presence of areas without recognizable enhancement.