Publications by authors named "Hans-Peter Fischer"
Article Synopsis
- * It involves 160 HCC cases, assessing how factors like inflammation, fibrosis, and steatosis relate to the occurrence of the promoter mutation, particularly in patients over 60 years old and those with cirrhosis due to alcohol or hepatitis C.
- * The findings show that while the promoter mutation is common in HCC associated with cirrhosis, it can also occur in noncirrhotic liver tissue; however, it does not appear to affect overall survival rates across different time
Article Synopsis
- Image-based detection of intralesional fat in liver lesions is important for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and correlates with better prognosis, prompting this study to examine the link between fat content and tumor grade in steatotic HCCs.
- The study analyzed 57 patients with steatotic HCC, finding that higher intralesional fat content in well-differentiated (G1) tumors compared to less-differentiated (G2 and G3) tumors, indicating that fat quantification could help differentiate tumor grades.
- The use of MRI proton density fat fraction (PDFF) mapping proved effective in distinguishing between different grades of HCC, suggesting its potential role in enhancing precision medicine for tumor
Objective: The aim of the study was to introduce our new modification of the Indiana pouch with a refluxing ureteral anastomosis in a tubular afferent ileal segment of the ileo-caecal urinary reservoir.
Patients And Methods: Between February 2008 and December 2020, we performed a total of 37 modified continent ileo-caecal pouches for urinary diversion when orthotopic bladder substitution was not possible. Hereby, we modified the Indiana pouch procedure with a new refluxing end-to-end ureteral anastomosis into an 8-cm afferent tubular ileal segment.
Article Synopsis
- * FB proved to be significantly more effective than BC, with sensitivity rates of 43% for FB compared to 16% for BC, and balloon dilatation of the stenosis prior to biopsy further increased FB's sensitivity and accuracy.
- * Complication rates were comparable across the tissue sampling methods, indicating that FB, especially when combined with balloon dilatation, is a safer and more effective option for diagnosis.
Article Synopsis
- * Key histological characteristics include plasma cell activity in AIH, bile duct damage in PBC, and fibrotic changes in PSC, with some patients displaying overlap syndromes with mixed features.
- * Diagnosis relies on clinical signs, blood tests for liver enzymes, imaging, and often liver biopsies, which help pathologists guide tailored treatments for these conditions.
This review covers a spectrum of pathologic changes and diseases involving hepatic sinusoids. In the majority of patients, clinical findings are rather uncharacteristic such as hepatomegaly, portal hypertension, or lingering liver failure of unknown origin. In contrast to more common hepatic disorders, characteristic clinical, serological, immunoserological, and radiographical findings are lacking.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The study investigates the expression of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to evaluate its potential as a diagnostic marker and prognostic indicator.
- Out of 153 HCC patients, results show that most tumors exhibit high PSMA levels, with 89.9% demonstrating neovascular staining and 41.1% showing canalicular patterns.
- Findings suggest a significant relationship between higher PSMA expression and longer survival, indicating the need for more research to explore PSMA's diagnostic and therapeutic roles in HCC.
Article Synopsis
- Fibrous dysplasia is a benign bone condition that can occur as one lesion or multiple lesions, and is associated with syndromes like McCune-Albright/Mazabraud.
- In a study of 39 cases in the cranio-facial region, some patients exhibited rapid growth, with two cases linked to McCune-Albright syndrome appearing particularly aggressive.
- The researchers propose that around 5% of fibrous dysplasia cases might present in an aggressive form, which is difficult to differentiate from malignant growths.
Article Synopsis
- Anti-PD-1 treatment boosts immune responses against liver cancer (HCC) in lab models, but the standard drug sorafenib causes tumor hypoxia that reduces PD-1 efficacy.
- To overcome this, researchers explored using CXCR4 inhibitors alongside sorafenib and PD-1 treatment in mouse models to assess their combined effectiveness.
- Human studies showed that high levels of CXCL12 and PD-L1 correlate with tumor hypoxia and influence survival rates, suggesting that combining CXCR4 and PD-1 inhibitors could improve treatment outcomes for HCC patients.
Background: Non-cirrhotic idiopathic portal hypertension (NCIPH) is characterized by splenomegaly, anemia and portal hypertension, while liver function is preserved. However, no animal models have been established yet. This study assessed a rat model of NCIPH and characterized the hemodynamics, and compared it to human NCIPH.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Molecular dissection of hepatocellular adenomas has revealed a variety of specific subtypes, making it essential to identify them for proper diagnosis and treatment.
- The prognosis of each subtype varies significantly, emphasizing the need for accurate classification in clinical practice.
- Recent research has uncovered new molecular insights into these adenomas, which the article seeks to incorporate into existing taxonomic frameworks for better understanding.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to systematically compare different methods for quantifying liver fat in patients, including MRI, MR spectroscopy (MRS), and histological techniques to find any inconsistencies.
- Results showed that six-echo mDixon MRI provided values closely correlating with MRS and histology, while dual-echo mDixon consistently yielded lower fat fraction values.
- The findings concluded that six-echo mDixon, MRS, and histological methods offer the most reliable quantification of liver fat, with significant differences in results between methods.
Article Synopsis
- The study examines how certain heart conditions (severe aortic stenosis and hypoplastic left heart syndrome) with restricted blood flow between the heart's atria impact lung development in fetuses and newborns.
- Researchers analyzed lung tissues from 47 patients and found that those with restricted blood flow had severely disrupted lung maturation starting as early as 23 weeks of pregnancy.
- The findings suggest that timely medical intervention during the second trimester is crucial for improving lung development in affected fetuses.
Article Synopsis
- Parietal epithelial cells (PECs) are involved in the development of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) in rodents, prompting researchers to investigate their role in human biopsies for idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.
- In a study with 95 renal biopsies, PEC markers were identified in 87% of those diagnosed with primary FSGS, indicating their presence from early disease stages, whereas minimal change disease showed no PEC activation.
- The use of immunohistochemistry for PEC markers, especially LKIV69, improved the detection of sclerotic lesions and distinguished between FSGS and minimal change disease, aiding in clinical decision-making.
Article Synopsis
- Heterozygous α1-antitrypsin deficiency type PiZ (PiMZ) is linked to increased risk of chronic liver injury and liver cancer, especially in the context of alcohol abuse, which is prevalent in certain European populations.
- A study examined liver specimens from 30 PiMZ patients with alcoholic liver disease and compared them to PiMM (normal) patients in terms of liver damage and fibrosis.
- Results showed that while PiMZ patients had a higher incidence of cirrhosis, the impact of alcohol consumption was more significant than the genetic factor, although PiMZ genotype still contributed independently to liver fibrosis.
Article Synopsis
- A study was conducted to explore the relationship between a genetic variation in the NCAN gene and diseases related to alcohol consumption, specifically alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
- Researchers analyzed genetic data from different groups, including patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis and HCC, as well as healthy controls, finding that the NCAN rs2228603 T allele was more common in those with HCC.
- The results suggest that the NCAN gene is expressed in the liver, indicating that its polymorphism is a risk factor for HCC in individuals with ALD, but not in those with HCV-related liver cancer.
Background & Aims: Patients with cirrhosis display hypocontractility of splanchnic vessels because of dysregulation of vasoactive proteins, such as decreased effect of RhoA/ROCK and increased activity of β-Arrestin-2 and eNOS. However, it is unknown whether the dysregulation of vasoactive proteins is displayed in other vessels. We investigated whether expression of vasoactive proteins can be evaluated in gastric mucosa vessels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: The tumor proliferation marker, Ki-67 index, is a well-established prognostic marker in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs). Noninvasive molecular imaging allows whole-body metabolic characterization of metastatic disease. We investigated the prognostic impact of (18)F-FDG PET in inoperable multifocal disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- * Research pooled data from over 6,000 ILC and LCIS cases and identified a specific SNP (rs11977670 at 7q34) that significantly predisposes to ILC.
- * The study highlights 56 polymorphisms associated with ILC and 15 with LCIS, showing that while many ER+ cancer loci relate to ILC, there are differences in susceptibility between ILC and ductal cancers (IDC).
Aims: The ATZ11 antibody has been well established for the identification of α1-anti-trypsin (AAT) molecule type PiZ (Z-AAT) in blood samples and liver tissue. In this study, we systematically analyzed the antibody for additional binding sites in human tissue.
Methods And Results: Ultrastructural ATZ11 binding was investigated immunoelectron microscopically in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and in platelets of a healthy individual.
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigates the variability in how liver fibrosis develops in response to chronic injury, considering complex genetic and environmental influences in patients.
- - Researchers conducted a toxicogenomic analysis using a specific mouse genetic reference panel to identify genes and genetic interactions linked to liver fibrosis progression caused by carbon tetrachloride.
- - Through quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis, they found seven significant genomic loci and narrowed down 1,351 candidate genes to a final set of 11, highlighting the potential of the BXD mouse panel for studying liver disease vulnerability.
Article Synopsis
- After alloHCT, liver biopsies are critical for diagnosing liver issues when noninvasive methods fail, focusing on liver graft-versus-host disease (GvHD).
- The document updates guidelines for evaluating liver biopsies in these patients, including histological criteria for diagnosing GvHD based on literature and a review of 30 biopsies.
- A survey confirmed consensus among HCT centers in Austria, Germany, and Switzerland on biopsy protocols, emphasizing the need for more frequent biopsies in clinical studies due to evolving treatment approaches.
Article Synopsis
- Triple-negative (TN) breast cancer is an aggressive form linked to specific genetic and epidemiological factors, prompting a genome-wide study to identify risk-related genetic loci.
- The study revealed significant associations with variants at the 19p13.1 and PTHLH loci, as well as connections to 10 previously known breast cancer susceptibility loci.
- A polygenic risk score indicated a four-fold difference in TN breast cancer risk between high and low genetic risk groups, suggesting genetic variation could help predict individual risk levels for this cancer type.