Abyssomicins-A 20-Year Retrospective View.

Abyssomicins represent a new family of polycyclic macrolactones. The first described compounds of the abyssomicin family were abyssomicin B, C, atrop-C, and D, produced by the marine actinomycete strain AB-18-032, which was isolated from a sediment collected in the Sea of Japan. Among the described abyssomicins, only abyssomicin C and atrop-abyssomicin C show a high antibiotic activity against Gram-positive bacteria, including multi-resistant and vancomycin-resistant strains.

Discovery of the Streptoketides by Direct Cloning and Rapid Heterologous Expression of a Cryptic PKS II Gene Cluster from sp. Tü 6314.

Genome sequencing and bioinformatic analysis have identified numerous cryptic gene clusters that have the potential to produce novel natural products. Within this work, we identified a cryptic type II PKS gene cluster () from sp. Tü 6314.

Structures and biological activities of cycloheptamycins A and B.

The heptadepsipeptide cycloheptamycin A was isolated from the terrestrial Streptomyces sp. Tü 6314. Its constitution was elucidated on the basis of NMR spectroscopic experiments and mass spectrometric analysis.

Streptomyces AcH 505 triggers production of a salicylic acid analogue in the fungal pathogen Heterobasidion abietinum that enhances infection of Norway spruce seedlings.

The necrotrophic fungus Heterobasidion spp. is the causal agent of 'annosum root rot' of Norway spruce. In the presence of the rhizosphere bacterium Streptomyces AcH 505, enhanced colonization of Norway spruce roots with Heterobasidion abietinum 331 has previously been observed.

Atmospheric Dispersal of Bioactive Streptomyces albidoflavus Strains Among Terrestrial and Marine Environments.

Members of the Streptomyces albidoflavus clade, identified by 16S rRNA sequencing and phylogenetic analyses, are widespread among predominant terrestrial lichens (Flavoparmelia caperata and Xanthoria parietina) and diverse intertidal and subtidal marine macroalgae, brown red and green (Phylum Heterokontophyta, Rhodophyta, and Chlorophyta) from the Cantabrian Cornice. In addition to these terrestrial and coastal temperate habitats, similar strains were also found to colonize deep-sea ecosystems and were isolated mainly from gorgonian and solitary corals and other invertebrates (Phylum Cnidaria, Annelida, Echinodermata, Arthropoda, and Porifera) living up to 4700-m depth and at a temperature of 2-4 °C in the submarine Avilés Canyon. Similar strains have been also repeatedly isolated from atmospheric precipitations (rain drops, snow, and hailstone) collected in the same area throughout a year observation time.

Genome Mining of Streptomyces sp. Tü 6176: Characterization of the Nataxazole Biosynthesis Pathway.

Streptomyces sp. Tü 6176 produces the cytotoxic benzoxazole nataxazole. Bioinformatic analysis of the genome of this organism predicts the presence of 38 putative secondary-metabolite biosynthesis gene clusters, including those involved in the biosynthesis of AJI9561 and its derivative nataxazole, the antibiotic hygromycin B, and ionophores enterobactin and coelibactin.

Two Streptomyces species producing antibiotic, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory compounds are widespread among intertidal macroalgae and deep-sea coral reef invertebrates from the central Cantabrian Sea.

Streptomycetes are widely distributed in the marine environment, although only a few studies on their associations to algae and coral ecosystems have been reported. Using a culture-dependent approach, we have isolated antibiotic-active Streptomyces species associated to diverse intertidal marine macroalgae (Phyllum Heterokontophyta, Rhodophyta, and Chlorophyta), from the central Cantabrian Sea. Two strains, with diverse antibiotic and cytotoxic activities, were found to inhabit these coastal environments, being widespread and persistent over a 3-year observation time frame.

Draft Genome Sequence of Marine Actinomycete Streptomyces sp. Strain NTK 937, Producer of the Benzoxazole Antibiotic Caboxamycin.

Streptomyces sp. strain NTK 937 is the producer of the benzoxazole antibiotic caboxamycin, which has been shown to exert inhibitory activity against Gram-positive bacteria, cytotoxic activity against several human tumor cell lines, and inhibition of the enzyme phosphodiesterase. In this genome announcement, we present a draft genome sequence of Streptomyces sp.

Geodermatophilus brasiliensis sp. nov., isolated from Brazilian soil.

A Gram-reaction-positive bacterial isolate, designated Tü 6233(T), with rudimentary, coral-pink vegetative mycelium that formed neither aerial mycelium nor spores, was isolated from a Brazilian soil sample. Chemotaxonomic and molecular characteristics of the isolate matched those described for members of the genus Geodermatophilus. Cell-wall hydrolysates contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid and galactose as the diagnostic sugar.

Stereochemistry and conformation of skyllamycin, a non-ribosomally synthesized peptide from Streptomyces sp. Acta 2897.

Skyllamycin is a non-ribosomally synthesized cyclic depsipeptide from Streptomyces sp. Acta 2897 that inhibits PDGF-signaling. The peptide scaffold contains an N-terminal cinnamoyl moiety, a β-methylation of aspartic acid, three β-hydroxylated amino acids and one rarely occurring α-hydroxy glycine.

Dermacozines H-J isolated from a deep-sea strain of Dermacoccus abyssi from Mariana Trench sediments.

Dermacoccus abyssi sp. nov. strains MT1.

New bhimamycins from Streptomyces sp. AK 671.

From the wild-type strain Steptomyces sp. AK 671, three nitrogen-containing octaketides were isolated, bhimamycins F, H and I, besides the known azaanthraquinone utahmycin A and polyketide shunt products SEK 4, SEK 4b, mutactin, dehydromutactin and EM18. The structures were characterized by MS and NMR experiments.

Growth inhibition of an Araucaria angustifolia (Coniferopsida) fungal seed pathogen, Neofusicoccum parvum, by soil streptomycetes.

Background: Araucariaceae are important forest trees of the southern hemisphere. Life expectancy of their seedlings can largely be reduced by fungal infections. In this study we have isolated and characterized such a fungus and investigated the potential of Streptomyces Actinobacteria from the respective rhizosphere to act as antagonists.

Warkmycin, a novel angucycline antibiotic produced by Streptomyces sp. Acta 2930*.

A novel angucycline-type antibiotic, warkmycin, was isolated from the culture filtrate of Streptomyces strain Acta 2930. Its chemical structure was elucidated by HR-MS, one-dimensional and 2D NMR experiments. The compound inhibits the growth of Gram-positive bacteria and shows a strong antiproliferative activity against mouse fibroblast cell line NIH-3T3 and human cancer cell lines HepG2 and HT29.

Langkocyclines: novel angucycline antibiotics from Streptomyces sp. Acta 3034(*).

Langkocyclines A1-A3 and B1 and B2, five new angucycline antibiotics produced by Streptomyces sp. Acta 3034, were detected in the course of our HPLC-diode array screening. The producing strain was isolated from the rhizospheric soil of a Clitorea sp.

Biotransformation of the fungal phytotoxin fomannoxin by soil streptomycetes.

Rhizosphere-associated Streptomyces sp. AcH 505 (AcH 505) promotes infection of Norway spruce (Picea abies) with the pathogenic fungus Heterobasidion abietinum 331, while Streptomyces sp. GB 4-2 (GB 4-2) enhances spruce defense against the fungus.

Elaiomycins K and L, new azoxy antibiotics from Streptomyces sp. Tü 6399*.

Elaiomycins K and L, two new azoxy-type antibiotics, were detected by HPLC-diode array screening in the culture filtrate extract of Streptomyces sp. Tü 6399. The structures were determined by high-resolution MS and 2-dimensional (1)H and (13)C correlated NMR spectroscopy including (15)N-NMR experiments and established these compounds as new members of the elaiomycin family.

Production of fungal and bacterial growth modulating secondary metabolites is widespread among mycorrhiza-associated streptomycetes.

Background: Studies on mycorrhiza associated bacteria suggest that bacterial-fungal interactions play important roles during mycorrhiza formation and affect plant health. We surveyed Streptomyces Actinobacteria, known as antibiotic producers and antagonists of fungi, from Norway spruce mycorrhizas with predominantly Piloderma species as the fungal partner.

Results: Fifteen Streptomyces isolates exhibited substantial variation in inhibition of tested mycorrhizal and plant pathogenic fungi (Amanita muscaria, Fusarium oxysporum, Hebeloma cylindrosporum, Heterobasidion abietinum, Heterobasidion annosum, Laccaria bicolor, Piloderma croceum).

Langkolide, a 32-membered macrolactone antibiotic produced by Streptomyces sp. Acta 3062.

A new 32-membered macrolactone antibiotic, named langkolide, was isolated from the mycelium of Streptomyces sp. Acta 3062. The langkolide structure was determined by HR-MS and 1D and 2D NMR as a 32-membered macrolactone connected from an overhanging polyketide tail to a naphthoquinone unit mediated by two carbohydrate moieties.

Silvalactam, a 24-membered macrolactam antibiotic produced by Streptomyces sp. Tü 6392*.

Streptomycetes were isolated out of a soil sample taken from the rhizosphere of a spruce stand and screened by HPLC-diode array analysis for the production of secondary metabolites. This led to the detection of silvalactam, a novel 24-membered macrolactam antibiotic in extracts of Streptomyces strain Tü 6392. The structure was determined by MS and NMR spectroscopy experiments.

Mutational analysis of a phenazine biosynthetic gene cluster in Streptomyces anulatus 9663.

The biosynthetic gene cluster for endophenazines, i.e., prenylated phenazines from Streptomyces anulatus 9663, was heterologously expressed in several engineered host strains derived from Streptomyces coelicolor M145.

Atacamycins A-C, 22-membered antitumor macrolactones produced by Streptomyces sp. C38.

Three new 22-membered macrolactone antibiotics, atacamycins A-C, were produced by Streptomyces sp. C38, a strain isolated from a hyper-arid soil collected from the Atacama Desert in the north of Chile. The metabolites were discovered in our HPLC-diode array screening and isolated from the mycelium by extraction and chromatographic purification steps.

Verrucosispora maris sp. nov., a novel deep-sea actinomycete isolated from a marine sediment which produces abyssomicins.

Verrucosispora isolate AB-18-032(T), the abyssomicin- and proximicin-producing actinomycete, has chemotaxonomic and morphological properties consistent with its classification in the genus Verrucosispora. The organism formed a distinct phyletic line in the Verrucosispora 16S rRNA gene tree sharing similarities of 99.7%, 98.