Two year comparison of sevelamer and calcium carbonate effects on cardiovascular calcification and bone density.

Background: Calcium-based phosphate binders may induce tissue calcification, and little is known about their effects on bone density. We compared the effects of a calcium with a non-calcium phosphate binder on both arterial calcification and bone density measured by computed tomography.

Methods: Seventy-two adult haemodialysis patients were randomized to treatment with calcium carbonate (CC) or sevelamer (SEV) for 2 years.

Randomized controlled trial on the efficacy and safety of atorvastatin in patients with type 2 diabetes on hemodialysis (4D study): demographic and baseline characteristics.

Patients with type 2 diabetes on dialysis are at a substantially increased risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Dyslipidemia characterized by moderately elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high triglycerides and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels is common in this population. We hypothesized that 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors would reduce vascular morbidity and mortality in this patient group.