Greater Palatine Canal: Computed Tomography-Based Anatomic Analysis And Clinical Significance for the Sinus and Skull Base Surgeon.

Objective: Our aim is to describe the location and course of the greater palatine canal (GPC) by analyzing its relationship with anatomical landmarks that can be used during endoscopic sinus surgery. This information might help prevent injury to the neurovascular bundle.

Methods: A retrospective evaluation of paranasal sinus CT scans of 100 consecutive random patients, 200 sides, was performed.

Three-dimensional structure of the basal lamella of the middle turbinate.

The middle turbinate's basal lamella (3BL) is a variable landmark which needs to be understood in endoscopic transnasal skull base surgery. It comprises an anterior frontal and a posterior horizontal part and appears in its simplest depiction to be "L"-shaped, when viewed laterally. In this study we analyzed its 3D morphology and variations focusing on a precise and systematic description of the anatomy.

Mixed response and mechanisms of resistance to larotrectinib in metastatic carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid harboring an NTRK2 fusion: A case report.

Introduction: Standardized systemic treatment options are lacking for carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma, which is a rare and aggressive tumor primarily found in salivary glands.Here we report the case of a 63-year-old male with carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma of the left parotid and parapharyngeal space harboring a neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase (NTRK) 2 fusion who was treated with a small molecule inhibitor that targets the tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) proteins. To the best of our knowledge, no similar case has been described in the literature so far.

3D endoscopy shows enhanced anatomical details and depth perception vs 2D: a multicentre study.

Purpose: The current standard endoscopic technique is a high resolution visualisation up to Full HD and even 4 K. A recent development are 3D endoscopes providing a 3-dimensional picture, which supposedly gives additional information of depth, anatomical details and orientation in the surgical field. Since the 3D-endoscopic technique is new, little scientific evidence is known whether the new technique provides advantages for the surgeon compared to the 2D-endoscopic standard technique in FESS.

Preoperative risk assessment for ambulatory sinonasal surgery.

Objectives: An increasing proportion of patients who are candidates for endoscopic sinus surgery can be treated as an outpatient. A preoperative risk assessment is needed to evaluate eligibility for day surgery. This study analyses the effectiveness of a risk assessment scoring system which examines medical, procedure-related, and socioeconomic factors.

Endoscopic unilateral transethmoid-paraseptal approach to the central skull base.

Objectives: The endoscopic technique in transnasal skull base surgery offers optimal visualization and free manipulation in the surgical field. However, it may cause approach-related sinonasal injury, influencing patients' quality of life (QOL). To minimize rhinological morbidity without restrictions in surgical manipulation and tumor resection, we introduced the unilateral transethmoidal-paraseptal approach.

How I do it: the mononostril endonasal transethmoidal-paraseptal approach.

Background: The use of endoscopes in transnasal surgery offers increased visualization. To minimize rhinological morbidity without restriction in manipulation, we introduced the mononostril transethmoidal-paraseptal approach.

Methods: The aim of the transethmoidal-paraseptal approach is to create sufficient space within the nasal cavity, without removal of nasal turbinates and septum.

The effect of "Pyriform Turbinoplasty" on nasal airflow using a virtual model.

Background: A new procedure, pyriform turbinoplasty, is described and nasal airflow is measured before and after this procedure in a virtual model.

Methodology: Pyriform turbinoplasty is the submucosal reduction of the bone of the frontal process of the maxilla and the lacrimal bone. It opens part of the lateral margin of the nasal valve area with minimal damage to nasal mucosa.

Combined transnasal and transcranial removal of a giant clival chordoma.

Clival chordomas confront the surgeon with the task of resecting an aggressively invasive and destructive tumor in a critical surrounding. For many, mainly smaller, chordomas, the transnasal transclival approach is a feasible and safe surgical access. Larger tumors and especially those with extensive intradural, retrochiasmal, and/or deep cervical expansion are mostly approached by open craniotomy.

Evaluation of an anatomic model of the paranasal sinuses for endonasal surgical training.

Objectives: To assess the suitability of a new anatomic model of the paranasal sinuses for endonasal surgical training.

Study Design: Prospective observational pilot study.

Methods: A new anatomic model of the paranasal sinuses was developed by the Department of Anatomy at the University of Zurich.

Male subjects who could not perceive the pheromone 5a-androst-16-en-3-one, produced similar orbitofrontal changes on PET compared with perceptible phenylethyl alcohol (rose).

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate in how far cerebral blood flow changes in male subjects when exposed to a pheromone that they cannot consciously smell.

Methods: We used a boar taint steroid (5a-Androst-16-en-3-one), which is similar to human axillary sweat but could not be detected by the human volunteers who participated in this study.

Results: The pheromone produced activation of the orbitofrontal and frontal cortex in comparison to a baseline condition.

The anatomy of the sphenopalatine artery for the endoscopic sinus surgeon.

Background: This study was performed to determine the variations in the branching pattern of the sphenopalatine artery medial to the crista ethmoidalis. Seventy-seven cadaver head sides that had been sectioned sagittally in the midline with their septum removed were used after injecting pink latex to highlight the arterial vessels.

Methods: The mucosa from the middle meatus from the level of the basal lamella was removed until the artery and its branches were seen and then was examined under the microscope to identify the position of the arterial branches.

Olfaction in rhinology--methods of assessing the sense of smell.

Olfactory disorders frequently occur in rhinological disease. Different subjective and objective test methods are available to assess the sense of olfaction. Among the subjective methods, screening tests and threshold measurements are commonly used to quantify hyposmia or anosmia.

Endoscopic sinus surgery: advantages of the bimanual technique.

Background: The orthodox endoscopic sinus surgical technique is "one-handed," which means that the surgeon holds the endoscope in one hand and uses the free hand for other instruments or suction. This technique has its limitations. When there is a lot of bleeding or when tension needs to be kept on tissue so that it can be cut cleanly, this is best done using both hands.

Objective assessment of tip projection and the nasolabial angle in rhinoplasty.

Objective: To provide an objective method to measure the extent of nasal tip projection and the nasolabial angle.

Design: We retrospectively studied preoperative and postoperative images using a novel approach. The constant position of the cornea in lateral views and the diameter of the iris in frontal views were used to standardize and compare digitalized images of patients before and after surgery.