[Interaction of somatic findings and psychiatric symptoms in COVID-19. A scoping review].

An infection with SARS-CoV‑2 can affect the central nervous system, leading to neurological as well as psychiatric symptoms. In this respect, mechanisms of inflammation seem to be of much greater importance than the virus itself. This paper deals with the possible contributions of organic changes to psychiatric symptomatology and deals especially with delirium, cognitive symptoms, depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder and psychosis.

THE EFFECT OF THE SARS-COV-2 PANDEMIC ON THE INCIDENCE OF PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS: AN OVERVIEW.

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic exerted an unprecedented threat to the population worldwide. This led to a sharp increase in symptoms of depression, anxiety, and PTSD, especially in the early phase of the pandemic. As far as data allowed a comparison with the pre-pandemic era, an increase by odds ratios of up to 3,5 was found.

[S1 guidelines for the management of postviral conditions using the example of post-COVID-19].

These S1 guidelines are an updated and expanded version of the S1 guidelines on long COVID differential diagnostic and management strategies. They summarize the state of knowledge on postviral conditions like long/post COVID at the time of writing. Due to the dynamic nature of knowledge development, they are intended to be "living guidelines".

First-episode psychotic disorders in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic: a descriptive review of casereports.

Objective: Since the onset of COVID-19 pandemic, many case reports and case series dealt with new-onset psychotic disorders in patients either infected with Our aim was to provide a comprehensive collection of these reports to illustrate the nature of these psychoses.

Methods: We conducted a literature search in MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, using search terms regarding first-episode psychotic disorders in the context of corona.

Results: 96 case reports or case series covering 146 patients (62 without and 84 with SARS-CoV-2 infection) were found.

[Guideline S1: Long COVID: Diagnostics and treatment strategies].

This guideline comprises the state of science at the time of the editorial deadline. In view of the high turnover of knowledge the guideline is designed as a living guideline. The main objective was to provide a tool for the use in primary care, being considered well suited as a first point of entry and for the provision of care.

[Neuropsychiatric Aspects of COVID-19 - A Narrative Overview].

The SARS-CoV-2 virus (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Type 2) and COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) can affect numerous organ systems. In the present paper we offer an overview of the current state of knowledge about the psychiatric aspects of SARS-CoV-2 infection.Medline, Embase und LIVIVO were searched for relevant literature, the last query dating from March 2nd, 2021.

Amisulpride as an Augmentation Agent in Treatment Resistant Depression: A Case Series and Review of the Literature.

Amisulpride (AMS) in low dosage has been used effectively for treatment of dysthymia. Yet there is a dearth of reports on its use as an augmentation agent in therapy-resistant depression. We deal with this issue presenting case reports and a review of the literature.

Serotonin 1A receptor density measured by F18-Mefway PET/CT in mesiotemporal cortex and raphe does not discriminate therapeutic response in patients with major depressive episode.

Background: More than 50% of patients with major depressive episode (MDE) fail to respond to initial treatment with first line pharmacological therapy. Altered receptor and serotonin transporter function are considered to be associated with mental disorders. Our investigation aimed on the density of the HT1A receptor in mesiotemporal cortex (MTC) and raphe measured by F18-Mefway in patients with MDD.

Treatment Duration With Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics After In-hospital Initiation: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Purpose: Long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics are recommended especially for patients with multiple admissions and poor adherence. The empirical basis of this strategy is a matter of debate.

Methods: In a retrospective cohort study extending over 6 years, all patients admitted for inpatient treatment with a diagnosis of psychotic disorders according to International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision (F2) were screened for treatment episodes with a new start of an LAI.

[Antipsychotic-induced tardive syndromes].

Tardive dyskinesia (TD) remains a relevant clinical problem despite the increasing use of new-generation antipsychotics. Antipsychotic-induced tardive syndromes are difficult to treat and have a low tendency of remission. Therefore, prophylaxis is of utmost importance, with the responsible use of antipsychotics as a prime desideratum.

[Heavy users of inpatient services: a comparison of diagnostic subgroups].

Objective: Quantitative and qualitative assessment of heavy users (HU) of psychiatric inpatient treatment.

Methods: Screening over 9 months for patients with ≥ 3 admissions or ≥ 100 days of treatment during 1 year prior to index admission.

Results: During the recruiting period 1217 persons were treated of whom 132 (10.

[Between faith and delusion].

Religious beliefs can lead to difficulties in psychiatric diagnosis, when it comes to distinguishing between faith and delusion. Delusion is defined as a false assessment of reality combined with subjective certainty, which is in contrast with the reality of the social environment. The problem with this definition is that reality cannot be examined with scientific methods/criteria and that the assessment of reality itself underlies historical and cultural fluctuations.

Individual music therapy for mental health care clients with low therapy motivation: multicentre randomised controlled trial.

Background: Music therapy (MT) has been shown to be efficacious for mental health care clients with various disorders such as schizophrenia, depression and substance abuse. Referral to MT in clinical practice is often based on other factors than diagnosis. We aimed to examine the effectiveness of resource-oriented MT for mental health care clients with low motivation for other therapies.

Mood-dependent changes of serum lithium concentration in a rapid cycling patient maintained on stable doses of lithium carbonate.

Objective: Serum lithium levels may be influenced by mood state. We report on a 58-year-old female patient suffering from rapid cycling bipolar disorder. Her serum lithium levels varied greatly, despite stable medication.

Restless legs syndrome induced by quetiapine: report of seven cases and review of the literature.

We report on seven cases of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in patients treated with quetiapine. Small doses (50-250 mg at bedtime) provoked RLS in a dose-dependent way. Most patients suffered from an affective disorder and all were treated concomitantly with antidepressants.

[The diagnosis "schizophrenia": past, present and future].

Schizophrenia is one of the most important diseases in psychiatry. The diagnostic criteria, first formulated more than 100 years ago, have since undergone multiple changes. While the disease was originally named "dementia praecox" by Emil Kraepelin, the term "schizophrenia" was coined by Eugen Bleuler soon afterwards.

[Risks for Burden among Relatives Caring for Schizophrenia Patients].

Objective: Relatives of persons with schizophrenia have an essential role in informal caregiving. This may result in a high level of burden. Aim of the study was to investigate, if the frequency of unmet needs among relatives caring for schizophrenia patients increases the risk for burden among these relatives.

Deterioration of metabolic parameters during short-term psychiatric inpatient treatment: a prospective naturalistic study.

Objective: To investigate the influence of a single episode of psychiatric inpatient treatment on metabolic parameters.

Methods: A total of 294 consecutive patients of an Upper Austrian psychiatric department were assessed at admission and discharge regarding bodyweight, body mass index (BMI), high density cholesterol (HDL), low density cholesterol (LDL), triglycerides (TG) and fasting glucose (FG), and the TG/HDL ratio.

Results: Patients showed an increase of BMI of 0.

[A case of affective disorder with psychotic symptoms as late manifestation of Huntington's Chorea].

We report about a woman of 60 years who received psychiatric inpatient treatment for an affective disorder with psychotic symptoms on several occasions. As time elapsed symptoms of dementia became more and more obvious. Despite a comprehensive workup with neuroimaging methods (SPECT, PET) the correct diagnosis of Huntington's Chorea was not attained until the characteristic movements appeared.

[Psychiatric manifestation of a dengue-encephalopathy].

Psychiatric manifestation of dengue virus infections is seldom reported. Here a case is presented of a 21-year-old man who developed mainly neuropsychiatric symptoms which he caught one week after a feverish infection during his stay in India: troubles with concentration and memory, confusion, as well as depressive delusions and agoraphobia. Liquor diagnosis as well as CCT and MRI was mainly inconspicuous.

[What's positive about positive symptoms?].

Objective: To develop a positive concept of schizophrenia despite the mostly negative image in the public.

Methods: Review of the literature concerning attitudes of psychiatrists towards schizophrenia and concerning the importance of hope for the course of the illness. Proposal of some approaches which might help to attain a more optimistic concept of schizophrenia and a better understanding of the patients' problems by the public.

[Psychotherapy for patients with schizophrenic disorders: results of an inquiry with Austrian psychotherapists].

Objective: To assess the extent to which persons suffering from schizophrenia are treated by psychotherapy in Austria

Methods: A questionnaire was sent to all psychotherapists who were registered according to the Austrian law for psychotherapy

Results: 5741 questionnaires were mailed and 1683 (29.3%) were returned. Of the answering psychotherapists 59% had done psychotherapy with a person suffering from schizophrenia before.

Ten year outcome of tardive dyskinesia during continuous treatment with first generation antipsychotics.

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the course of tardive dyskinesia (TD) during continuous medication with first generation antipsychotics.

Subjects And Methods: Patients of a psychiatric nursing home were assessed for TD by means of the AIMS on two occasions ten years apart.

Results: Out of 10 patients who met criteria for TD at baseline the global judgement of severity of the AIMS improved in 5, worsened in 4 and remained unchanged in one patient.