Use of oral contraceptives and breast cancer risk: The Norwegian-Swedish Women's Lifestyle and Health Cohort Study.

Current use of oral contraceptives (OCs) has been reported to increase breast cancer risk slightly. In 1991/1992, a prospective cohort study specifically designed to examine the role of hormonal contraceptives in relation to breast cancer was conducted in Norway and Sweden. This study was entitled Women's Lifestyle and Health.

Diabetes mellitus and ovarian cancer (Sweden).

Objective: We present results from a large, population-based cohort study in Sweden, where we assessed ovarian cancer risk among patients hospitalized for diabetes mellitus.

Methods: The cohort was composed of patients identified in the Swedish In-Patient Register as having a hospital discharge diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in 1965-1994. The follow-up was done by linkages with the national cancer register and other population-based registers.

Reduced risk of prostate cancer among patients with diabetes mellitus.

Although diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk of several malignancies, a negative association with prostate cancer is biologically most plausible. The epidemiologic evidence is, however, inconsistent, limited and based mostly on small studies. We present results from a large, population-based cohort study in Sweden, where we assessed prostate cancer risk among patients hospitalized for diabetes mellitus.

A randomized trial comparing radical prostatectomy with watchful waiting in early prostate cancer.

Background: Radical prostatectomy is widely used in the treatment of early prostate cancer. The possible survival benefit of this treatment, however, is unclear. We conducted a randomized trial to address this question.

Physical activity and risk for breast cancer a prospective cohort study among Swedish twins.

The epidemiologic association between physical activity and breast cancer has been corroborated in many studies. Some inconsistencies remain, possibly due to variation in life periods for exposure assessment, confounding and undetected effect modification. In our cohort study, we address some of these questions by taking into account physical activity in different periods of life and by investigating effect modification by birth cohort and body mass index (BMI).

Meat and dairy food consumption and breast cancer: a pooled analysis of cohort studies.

Background: More than 20 studies have investigated the relation between meat and dairy food consumption and breast cancer risk with conflicting results. Our objective was to evaluate the risk of breast cancer associated with meat and dairy food consumption and to assess whether non-dietary risk factors modify the relation.

Methods: We combined the primary data from eight prospective cohort studies from North America and Western Europe with at least 200 incident breast cancer cases, assessment of usual food and nutrient intakes, and a validation study of the dietary assessment instrument.