MAP3D: An explorative approach for automatic mapping of real-world eye-tracking data on a virtual 3D model.

Mobile eye tracking helps to investigate real-world settings, in which participants can move freely. This enhances the studies' ecological validity but poses challenges for the analysis. Often, the 3D stimulus is reduced to a 2D image (reference view) and the fixations are manually mapped to this 2D image.

Investigating visual expertise in sculpture: A methodological approach using eye tracking.

Research on visual expertise has progressed significantly due to the availability of eye tracking tools. However, attempts to bring together research on expertise and eye tracking methodology provoke several challenges, because visual information processes should be studied in authentic and domain-specific environments. Among the barriers to designing appropriate research are the proper definition of levels of expertise, the tension between internal (experimental control) and external (authentic environments) validity, and the appropriate methodology to study eye movements in a three-dimensional environment.

A Novel γ'-Strengthened Nickel-Based Superalloy for Laser Powder Bed Fusion.

An experimental printable γ'-strengthened nickel-based superalloy, MAD542, is proposed. By process optimization, a crack-free component with less than 0.06% defect was achieved by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF).

How prior experience, cognitive skills and practice are related with eye-hand span and performance in video gaming.

Research has shown that performance in visual domains depends on domain-specific cognitive and perceptual adaptations that result from extensive practice. However, less is known about processes and factors that underpin the acquisition of such adaptations. The present study investigated how prior experience, cognitive skills, task difficulty and practice effect eye-hand span (EHS) and performance in video gaming.

Determinants of completion of advance directives: a cross-sectional comparison of 649 outpatients from private practices versus 2158 outpatients from a university clinic.

Objectives: To compare outpatients from private practices and outpatients from a university clinic regarding the determinants of completion of advance directives (AD) in order to generalise results of studies from one setting to the other. Five determinants of completion of AD were studied: familiarity with AD, source of information about AD, prior experiences with own life-threatening diseases or family members in need of care and motives in favour and against completion of AD.

Design: Observational cross-sectional study.

Eye tracking in Educational Science: Theoretical frameworks and research agendas.

Eye tracking is increasingly being used in Educational Science and so has the interest of the eye tracking community grown in this topic. In this paper we briefly introduce the discipline of Educational Science and why it might be interesting to couple it with eye tracking research. We then introduce three major research areas in Educational Science that have already successfully used eye tracking: First, eye tracking has been used to improve the instructional design of computer-based learning and testing environments, often using hyper- or multimedia.

Differences in procedural knowledge after a "spaced" and a "massed" version of an intensive course in emergency medicine, investigating a very short spacing interval.

Background: Distributing a fixed amount of teaching hours over a longer time period (spaced approach) may result in better learning than delivering the same amount of teaching within a shorter time (massed approach). While a spaced approach may provide more opportunities to elaborate the learning content, a massed approach allows for more economical utilisation of teaching facilities and to optimise time resources of faculty. Favourable effects of spacing have been demonstrated for postgraduate surgery training and for spacing intervals of weeks to months.

Learning processes in the professional development of mental health counselors: knowledge restructuring and illness script formation.

An important part of learning processes in the professional development of counselors is the integration of declarative knowledge and professional experience. It was investigated in-how-far mental health counselors at different levels of expertise (experts, intermediates, novices) differ in their availability of experience-based knowledge structures. Participants were prompted with 20 client problems.

Does clinical teacher training always improve teaching effectiveness as opposed to no teacher training? A randomized controlled study.

Background: Teacher training may improve teaching effectiveness, but it might also have paradoxical effects. Research on expertise development suggests that the integration of new strategies may result in a temporary deterioration of performance until higher levels of competence are reached. In this study, the impact of a clinical teacher training on teaching effectiveness was assessed in an intensive course in emergency medicine.

[Play therapy in hospital].

The following article presents an overview of current research studies on play therapy in the hospital. It highlights individual diagnoses for which play therapy has shown reasonable success. The aim of this review is to describe the current status of the scientific debate on play therapy for sick children in order to allow conclusions regarding the indications for which play therapy is or might be useful.

Active versus passive microleakage of Resilon/Epiphany and gutta-percha/AH Plus.

The purpose of this in vitro study was to assess the active versus passive dye microleakage and apical sealing ability of laterally condensed gutta-percha/AH Plus versus Resilon/Epiphany. One hundred and twenty teeth were instrumented and divided into experimental, positive and negative control groups. In group 1, the teeth were obturated with gutta-percha/AH Plus and in group 2 the teeth were obturated with Resilon/Epiphany.

Determination of dialysis dose: a clinical comparison of methods.

Background: Guidelines recommend regular measurements of the delivered hemodialysis dose Kt/V. Nowadays, automatic non-invasive online measurements are available as alternatives to the conventional method with blood sampling, laboratory analysis, and calculation.

Methods: In a prospective clinical trial, three different methods determining dialysis dose were simultaneously applied: Kt/V(Dau) (conventional method with Daugirdas' formula), Kt/V(OCM) [online clearance measurement (OCM) with urea distribution volume V based on anthropometric estimate], and Kt/V(BCM) [OCM measurement with V measured by bioimpedance analysis (Body Composition Monitor)].

[Microleakage of root canal fillings with GuttaFlow and Resilon compared with lateral condensation].

Epiphany/Resilon and GuttaFlow are newly developed methods for obturation of the root canal system. Epiphany/Resilon is a thermoplastic, synthetic polymer-based root canal filling material which enables the bonding to the dentin root canal wall during root canal obturation. GuttaFlow is a cold flowable filling system for the obturation of root canals, combining sealer and gutta-percha in one product.