The role of imaging in the management of necrotising enterocolitis: a multispecialist survey and a review of the literature.

Objectives: To investigate current practices and perceptions of imaging in necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) according to involved specialists, put them in the context of current literature, and identify needs for further investigation.

Methods: Two hundred two neonatologists, paediatric surgeons, and radiologists answered a web-based questionnaire about imaging in NEC at their hospitals. The results were descriptively analysed, using proportion estimates with 95% confidence intervals.

Global quality imaging: emerging issues.

Quality imaging may be described as "a timely access to and delivery of integrated and appropriate procedures, in a safe and responsive practice, and a prompt delivery of an accurately interpreted report by capable personnel in an efficient, effective, and sustainable manner." For this article, radiation safety is considered as one of the key quality elements. The stakeholders are the drivers of quality imaging.

Global quality imaging: improvement actions.

Workforce shortage, workload increase, workplace changes, and budget challenges are emerging issues around the world, which could place quality imaging at risk. It is important for imaging stakeholders to collaborate, ensure patient safety, improve the quality of care, and address these issues. There is no single panacea.

Globalization of P4 medicine: predictive, personalized, preemptive, and participatory--summary of the proceedings of the Eighth International Symposium of the International Society for Strategic Studies in Radiology, August 27-29, 2009.

In August 2009, the International Society for Strategic Studies in Radiology held its eighth biennial meeting. The program focused on the globalization of predictive medicine--or P4 medicine--as it relates to the practice of radiology and radiology research. P4 medicine refers to predictive, personalized, preemptive, and participatory medicine and was the inspiration of Elias Zerhouni, MD, former director of the National Institutes of Health.

Standardizing resistive indices in healthy pediatric transplant recipients of adult-sized kidneys.

Small pediatric recipients of an adult-sized kidney have insufficient renal blood flow early after transplantation, with secondary chronic hypoperfusion and irreversible histological damage of the tubulo-interstitial compartment. It is unknown whether this is reflected by renal resistive indices. We measured renal graft resistive indices and volumes of 47 healthy pediatric kidney transplant recipients of an adult-sized kidney in a prospective study for six months post-transplant.

Three-dimensional MRI volumetric measurements of the normal fetal colon.

Objective: The use of fetal MRI markedly improves characterization of abdominal congenital anomalies. Accurate prenatal diagnosis of the level and cause of congenital intestinal obstruction is desired for optimal parental counseling and perinatal care. Because accurate diagnosis would be aided by nomograms of colonic volume, this study was conducted to determine normal colonic volumes at different gestational ages.

Cranial CT for diagnosis of intracranial complications in adult and pediatric patients during ECMO: Clinical benefits in diagnosis and treatment.

Rationale And Objectives: To evaluate the clinical utility of cranial computed tomography (CT) in pediatric and adult patients during ongoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) treatment from acute respiratory failure and to assess the frequency of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) and infarction during the treatment.

Materials And Methods: The medical records of 123 consecutive patients, 54 children (ages 3 months-17 years) and 69 adults (ages 18-62 years), treated with ECMO over a 10-year period were searched for cranial CT performed during ECMO. Indications for CT, CT findings, impact on clinical management, and patient outcome were noted.

Chest and abdominal CT during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: Clinical benefits in diagnosis and treatment.

Rationale And Objective: This study aims to evaluate the clinical usefulness of thoracic and abdominal computed tomography (CT) as an adjunct to bedside diagnostic imaging in patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) therapy because of severe acute respiratory failure.

Materials And Methods: Imaging records for 118 consecutive thoracic and abdominal CT examinations performed in 63 patients (22 neonates, 15 children, and 26 adults) on ECMO therapy during an 8-year period were retrospectively reviewed. Reported CT findings were compared with concurrent bedside radiographs and ultrasounds.