The validity of pathology codes for biopsy-confirmed kidney disease in the Danish National Patobank.

Background: This study validates the application of Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine second edition (SNOMED II) codes used to describe medical kidney biopsies in Denmark in encoded form, aiming to support robust epidemiological research on the causes, treatments and prognosis of kidney diseases.

Methods: Kidney biopsy reports from 1 January 1998 to 31 December 2018 were randomly extracted from the Danish National Patobank, using SNOMED codes. A 5% sample was selected, and nephrologists assessed the corresponding medical records, assigning each case the applied clinical diagnoses.

Age- and time-dependent increases in incident anti-glomerular basement membrane disease: a nationwide cohort study.

Background: Epidemiologic assessments of anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) disease have been challenging due to its rare occurrence. We examined changes in the incidence and outcomes from 1998 to 2018 using nationwide healthcare registries.

Methods: All patients with incident anti-GBM disease were identified using the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision code DM31.

A life-changing process when living with chronic kidney disease: A qualitative study.

Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease and their family members experience a number of lifestyle changes caused by the illness. The value of advance care planning includes understanding health status and options for future care, communication between close family members, and identification of wishes and preferences for care and treatment in relation to family and everyday life.

Objective: Explore how patients with chronic kidney disease and their families experience everyday life and how they experience having to make choices about treatment.

Advance care planning to patients with chronic kidney disease and their families: An intervention development study.

Aim: To develop an advance care planning intervention based on the needs of patients with chronic kidney disease, families and healthcare professionals.

Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease and their families request early advance care planning that continues throughout their illness trajectory. Healthcare professionals experience barriers to initiating advance care planning.

Advance care planning in chronic kidney disease: A national Danish survey of knowledge and attitudes among clinicians.

Introduction: Patients with chronic kidney disease and their families strongly request advance care planning. They want it to start early-before treatment decisions are made-and to be an ongoing process during their illness trajectory. Previous international studies show that health care professionals find there to be significant barriers that impact the extent of involvement in advance care planning.

Patients' with chronic kidney disease and their relatives' perspectives on advance care planning: A meta-ethnography.

Introduction: Advance care planning is a process that supports adults of any age and stage of illness in understanding and sharing their values, life goals, and preferences regarding medical care. Chronic kidney disease is a progressive and lifelong disease. Close relatives often represent patients' most important support.

Increasing incidence and improved survival in ANCA-associated vasculitis-a Danish nationwide study.

Background: Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) carries a high risk of morbidity and mortality, with outcomes modified by treatment and an incidence that may be increasing. We examined temporal changes in incidence and mortality during 2000-15 using nationwide healthcare registries.

Methods: Patients with incident AAV were identified using International Classification of Diseases Version 10 (ICD10) codes and grouped according to inclusion year (Period 1: 2000-04, Period 2: 2005-09, Period 3: 2010-15).

Real-world costs of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease in the Nordics.

Background: There is limited real-world data on the economic burden of patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). The objective of this study was to estimate the annual direct and indirect costs of patients with ADPKD by severity of the disease: chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 1-3; CKD stages 4-5; transplant recipients; and maintenance dialysis patients.

Methods: A retrospective study of ADPKD patients was undertaken April-December 2014 in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden.

Health-related quality of life across all stages of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.

Background: A limited number of studies have assessed health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Results to date have been conflicting and studies have generally focused on patients with later stages of the disease. This study aimed to assess HRQoL in ADPKD across all stages of the disease, from patients with early chronic kidney disease (CKD) to patients with end-stage renal disease.

A novel mutation affecting the arginine-137 residue of AVPR2 in dizygous twins leads to nephrogenic diabetes insipidus and attenuated urine exosome aquaporin-2.

Mutations in the vasopressin V2 receptor gene AVPR2 may cause X-linked nephrogenic diabetes insipidus by defective apical insertion of aquaporin-2 in the renal collecting duct principal cell. Substitution mutations with exchange of arginine at codon 137 can cause nephrogenic syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis or congenital X-linked nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. We present a novel mutation in codon 137 within AVPR2 with substitution of glycine for arginine in male dizygotic twins.

Danish guidelines for lipid-lowering treatment in patients with chronic renal failure.

Measurement of lipid profile in adults with CKD 1-5: We recommend measuring the lipid profile (T cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides) in all adults with newly diagnosed CKD 1-5 (including patients in renal replacement therapy). Monitoring of lipid profile in adults with CKD 1-5: In many cases it is not necessary to regularly monitor the lipid profile. Patients ≥ 50 years with CKD 1-5 ND: We recommend that these patients be treated with a statin (CKD 1-2, evidence level B), and in CKD patients in stages 3-5 ND that a statin or the combination statin/ezetimibe be used (evidence level A).

Management of an acute outbreak of diarrhoea-associated haemolytic uraemic syndrome with early plasma exchange in adults from southern Denmark: an observational study.

Background: Diarrhoea-associated haemolytic uraemic syndrome in adults is a life-threatening, but rare multisystem disorder that is characterised by acute haemolytic anaemia, thrombocytopenia, and renal insufficiency. We aimed to assess the success of management of this disorder with plasma exchange therapy.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with diarrhoea-associated haemolytic uraemic syndrome in southern Denmark were treated with daily plasma exchange by centrifugation and substitution with fresh frozen plasma.

Clinical implications of converting stable haemodialysis patients from subcutaneous to intravenous administration of darbepoetin alfa.

Background: The erythropoiesis-stimulating protein darbepoetin alfa (Aranesp) can be given intravenously (i.v.) or subcutaneously (s.

Prolonged aPTT after kidney transplantation due to transient lupus anticoagulants.

Background: After kidney transplantation, a renal biopsy may be needed to elucidate the reasons for lack of graft function. If the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) is prolonged, the biopsy will often be postponed, as increased risk of bleeding must be expected. However, aPTT prolongation is not always due to lack of coagulation factors, but can be due to the presence of lupus anticoagulants (LAs).

Impaired glomerular and tubular function as a short-term effect of sirolimus treatment in the rat.

Aims: To investigate acute and short-term effects of sirolimus (SRL) on glomerulo-tubular function, blood pressure (BP), and renal morphology in the rat.

Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing initially 140-180 g were treated with SRL in three series: SRL 0.2, 0.

The resistance of delayed xenograft rejection to alpha(1,3)-galactosyltransferase gene inactivation and CD4 depletion in a mouse-to-rat model.

Critical to the prevention of xenograft loss is the prevention of delayed xenograft rejection (DXR), due to its resistance to conventional immunosuppression. The role of the carbohydrate galactose-alpha1,3-galactose (alpha1,3Gal) has been a matter of great debate and it has been proposed that the reaction between alpha1,3Gal epitopes on donor endothelial cells and recipient anti-alpha1,3Gal antibodies (Abs) may damage the graft during DXR. Recipient anti-alpha1,3Gal Abs are produced by CD4-dependent B cells.

Importance of hyperglycemia on the primary function of allogeneic islet transplants.

Background: Hyperglycemia has been shown to influence primary function of islet isografts. In this study, we investigated the influence of hyperglycemia on primary function of allogeneic islets transplanted into spontaneously diabetic recipients (NOD) or streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice (BALB/c).

Methods: Mice with moderate, severe, or very severe hyperglycemia underwent transplantation with a marginal number of islets (350 into BALB/c mice and 700 into NOD mice).

Clinical experience with a new bicarbonate (25 mmol/L)/lactate (10 mmol/L) peritoneal dialysis solution.

Objective: Physiological bicarbonate/lactate-based solutions may correct acidosis in a better way than standard lactate-based solutions. In this study, a new 25 mmol/L bicarbonate/10 mmol/L lactate peritoneal dialysis (PD) solution was compared with a standard 35 mmolL lactate solution.

Design: This was a prospective open label study.

Kidney function and morphology after short-term combination therapy with cyclosporine A, tacrolimus and sirolimus in the rat.

Background: Sirolimus (SRL) may supplement calcineurin inhibitors in clinical organ transplantation. These are nephrotoxic, but SRL seems to act differently displaying only minor nephrotoxic effects, although this question is still open. In a number of treatment protocols where SRL was combined with a calcineurin inhibitor indications of a synergistic nephrotoxic effect were described.