Reduced bacillary load in elderly patients with active extrapulmonary and pulmonary tuberculosis in Peru: analysis of confirmatory culture after acid-fast bacilli test.

Background: Older adults with tuberculosis (TB) present unusual clinical features and can be challenging to diagnose. Culture after evaluation of sputum smear (AFB) may result in improved diagnosis performance, however it has not yet been evaluated in Peruvian older adults. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic relation of TB culture after the AFB in patients aged ≥ 65 years derived for the diagnosis of pulmonary (PTB) and extra-pulmonary (EPTB) in Lima, Peru.

Systematic review on the implementation of metrological assurance systems for medical devices in Latin America.

Background: Metrology plays a crucial role in small healthcare service businesses to ensure the quality of products and services. While legal metrology in healthcare exists in some regions, it lacks harmonization. In other countries, there is limited presence of metrology in medical and biomedical engineering.

Geospatial analysis of cardiovascular mortality before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Peru: analysis of the national death registry to support emergency management in Peru.

Background: COVID-19 has led to significant global mortality, with Peru being among the countries most affected. While pre-existing comorbidities have been linked to most cases, the exact distribution of fatalities within the country remains unclear. We aimed to assess deaths attributed to cardiovascular diseases (CVD) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic across various regions and provinces in Peru.

Healthy Habits, Physical Activity, Stress, and Food Consumption Trends in Chilean Adults with Irritable Bowel Syndrome during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic has increased stress levels in the population due to radical lifestyle changes caused by containment measures. Studies suggest that high levels of stress may be related to the development of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This study aims to explain how quarantine habits and lifestyles acted as risk factors for the frequency of this syndrome during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Prolonged grief in relatives of deceased patients due to COVID-19 is associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms: A survey-based study in Peru.

Objective: Funeral practices have undergone significant changes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, the death of a family member from this disease has altered the typical course of the bereavement process. Therefore, this study seeks to determine the relationship between the levels of grief, anxiety, and depression in relatives of patients who died from COVID-19 in Peru.

There is no association between anxiety and lifestyle in older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study.

Introduction And Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused mental health problems worldwide. Older people have been particularly affected by the lockdown as their health conditions have changed, although they have been kept in isolation to avoid exposure to contagion. We sought to determine the association between lifestyles and anxiety in older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.

How do infectious diseases affect high-performance athletes? Norovirus during the Lima 2019 Pan American Games.

Background And Aims: The incidence of infectious diseases among athletes during international competitions is a concern for public health. In this study, we aim to report six cases of norovirus-associated gastroenteritis among athletes in Lima 2019 Pan American Games, a multisport event held in Peru.

Results: During the Lima 2019 event, there were no reported outbreaks or cases of most frequent diseases, however, six cases (0.

Increase in antibiotic resistance in diabetic foot infections among peruvian patients: a single-center cross-sectional study.

Background: Diabetic foot is one of the most significant complications in individuals with diabetes and is closely associated with lower limb amputation. The antibiotic susceptibility patterns of these bacterial isolates play a critical role in guiding effective treatment strategies We aimed to determine the most common bacterial agents causing diabetic foot infections in a tertiary-care hospital in Peru.

Methods: Clinical and microbiological data were collected from 181 patients diagnosed with diabetic foot infections and positive microbiological culture results.

Use of mouthguards in Latin American field hockey athletes during the ODESUR 2022 Games.

Background/aims: Athletes are susceptible to oral injuries. To reduce the incidence and severity of oral trauma, a custom-made mouthguard, a device positioned in the mouth to prevent damage to teeth and surrounding structures, is recommended. In field hockey, according to the international rules of this sport, using mouthguards is not mandatory, but it is recommended to wear them at all times while practicing this discipline.

Assessing empathy in healthcare services: a systematic review of South American healthcare workers' and patients' perceptions.

Background: Empathy in healthcare service refers to the ability of healthcare workers (HCWs) to put themselves in patients' shoes, which is necessary to ensure a good physician-patient relationship and provide quality care. Various studies have shown that empathy varies depending on the country, the instrument used, the evaluator, and the HCW's specialty. This systematic review aims to estimate the levels of empathy among HCWs in South American countries between 2000 and 2019.

The End of Life Accompanied by COVID-19: A Qualitative Study on Changes in Behavior and Stigmatization of the Grieving Families in Peru (Part II).

The rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 has led to changes in every aspect of life and death. In Peru, where the longest quarantine has occurred with suboptimal results, the rituals have been turned around, impacting the relatives in multiple aspects. Here, we used a qualitative approach to analyze unresolved grief, hygiene changes, and stigma through semi-structured, online (Google Meet) interviews with 15 participants aged 20-72, who had lost family members to COVID-19.

Favorable Attitudes Toward Research in Nursing Students During Internship: A Cross-Sectional Study in Peru.

Introduction And Objective: Research attitudes among nursing students are essential to improve the quality of care and promote evidence-based practice. The objective of this study was to determine the attitude towards research of nursing students during their undergraduate internship and explore the demographic and study-related factors that may affect these attitudes.

Materials And Methods: In this cross-sectional retrospective study, 100 nursing interns who are >18 years old, currently studying and working, and have a prior academic background were included.

Use of grape-based stain (Vinatela) on cervical cytology: A Peruvian validation study.

Objectives: The Papanicolaou's (Pap's) stain is used for cervical cancer screening. It employs toxic-carcinogenic expensive reagents, which may not be easily accessible to many communities worldwide. The objective of this study was to validate the grape-based alcohol-extracted dye (Vinatela) on normal cervical samples for the Pap test.

Quality of life in families under quarantine: a cross-sectional study in seven countries during the first outbreak of COVID-19.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted human well-being worldwide in unforeseen ways. In early 2020, the spread of the virus left its mark on every affected country, impacting mental health by limiting daily activities and causing fatalities amidst public health strategies to mitigate its impact. The influence of COVID-19 on the quality of life (QoL) may vary between countries, underscoring the need to examine its effects on individuals and families during the mandatory home quarantine.

A systematic review of mental health in rural Andean populations in Latin America during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: COVID-19 has been causing mental health problems around the world, with rural and indigenous peoples likely to be the most affected. This systematic review synthesizes and critically analyzes the existing literature on mental disorders in the rural Andean population in Latin America.

Methods: A systematic review with narrative synthesis was carried out following the PRISMA guidelines.

Quality and Performance of Papanicolaou Test using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) EP12-A2 Guidelines: A Single-Center Study in Peru.

Context: Quality assurance in cervical cytology is based on the cyto-histological correlation that is performed in several countries even without standardized protocols.

Aims: To evaluate the quality of the Pap smear with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) EP12-A2 guideline in a Peruvian hospital.

Settings And Design: This prospective study was carried out at tertiary care national hospital.

The Age of Young Nurses Is a Predictor of Burnout Syndrome during the Care of Patients with COVID-19.

Background: Burnout Syndrome (BS) is a work fatigue phenomenon that leads to physical exhaustion during care work, and there could be an increase in the proportion of nurses affected during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in those caring for infected patients. We aimed to determine BS in nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: An observational study was conducted on 100 nurses over the age of 18 and working in COVID-19 medical units in 2021.

COVID-19 may lower quality of life when infections and deaths increase: A longitudinal study in the Peruvian jungle.

Background: Quality of life (QoL) is a multifactorial concept on the perception of the individual's wellbeing underpinned by environmental, psychological, and physical factors. Several studies have shown changes in QoL in the COVID-19 pandemic and may be due to increases in mortality rates, however, no study has investigated this among Peruvian jungle dwellers. Here, we have sought to estimate the QoL of individuals before and after the increase in cases and deaths from COVID-19.

Alterations in the coagulation markers did not show differences with the severity of COVID-19 in Peruvian patients: A cross-sectional single-center study.

Background And Aims: COVID-19 is a pandemic disease that can lead to altered lung function, systemic inflammatory events, and altered coagulation. During severe stages of the disease, changes in coagulation homeostasis increase, leading to thrombosis, and increased risk of death. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to assess coagulation markers by COVID-19 severity in Peruvian adults.

Clinical, Phenotypic, and Demographic Characteristics of Peruvian Children and Neonates with Autosomal and Sex Chromosome Aneuploidies.

Objective: Autosomal and sex chromosome aneuploidies are associated with multiple risk factors that determine their frequency and their social and health impact. We aimed to determine the clinical, phenotypic, and demographic characteristics of Peruvian children and neonates with autosomal and sex chromosome aneuploidies.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted on 510 pediatric patients.

Physical Activity and Body Image Perceived by University Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review.

Our objective was to assess the perception of body image and physical activity in university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Of 74,270 papers found on 13 search engines between 12 August 2020, and 2 November 2021, we identified six studies (n = 1392 and 1097 were women). We found several results on the perception of both variables during the pandemic.

Detection of pathogenic from two rainbow trout () farms in Peru.

Fish farms are one of the principal food industries located in peri-urban and rural communities that use available resources to ensure the quality of their products. However, trout can suffer from bacterial infections affecting the sector and being a key component of human health risk. We aimed to identify and characterize Enterobacteriaceae in 46 trout () in two fish farms in Lima, Peru.

Human papillomavirus infections in low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion in Peruvian pregnant woman: A cross-sectional cytology-based study.

Background And Aims: Low-risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) are important in pregnant women because they are risk factors for and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis in the newborn. On the other hand, HPV may contribute to the development of preneoplastic lesions such as LSIL in pregnant women. We aimed to assess the frequency of HPV infections in low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) in Peruvian pregnant women.

The End of Life Accompanied by COVID-19: A Qualitative Study on Grief During the First OutBreak In Peru (Part I).

Due to the massive deaths and high level of contagion brought about by COVID-19, burial practices and the way we bury our dead are being affected by SARS-CoV-2 confinement and control measures. Here, we aimed to examine the changing of death, dying, and mourning during the first wave and quarantine applied in Peru with the arrival of COVID-19 in 2020. Using a qualitative approach, 15 participants who lost a family member because of COVID-19 were interviewed by telephone and video call.

Reference intervals of the sex hormonal profile in healthy women: A retrospective single-center study in Peru.

The female hormonal profile is of utmost importance for the assessment of the endocrinological functional status and the diagnosis of diseases. The analysis must delimit their normality intervals based on the manufacturer's cut-off points. Due to not all intervals can be evaluated before use, it is imperative to verify the reference intervals to achieve uniformity in the interpretation of results in the female population.