The risk of refracture and malunion in children treated for diaphyseal forearm fractures: a retrospective cohort study.

Background And Purpose:  The optimal treatment modality for pediatric diaphyseal forearm fractures is debated. While nonoperative treatment and closed reduction reduces the need for surgery and surgical complications, flexible intramedullary nailing (FIN) may reduce refracture and malunion rates. We aimed to compare the relative risk (RR) of refracture and malunion between nonoperative, closed reduction (CR), and surgical treatment in children treated for diaphyseal forearm fractures.