Probiotics as an adjunctive therapy in periodontitis treatment-reality or illusion-a clinical perspective.

Periodontitis, a prevalent oral health issue, involves various microorganisms and clinical effects. This review examines probiotics as adjunctive therapy for periodontitis by analyzing forty clinical studies. Findings showed mixed results due to differences in study design, probiotic types, and clinical parameters; however, probiotics improved outcomes in severe cases.

The PLSDB 2025 update: enhanced annotations and improved functionality for comprehensive plasmid research.

Plasmids are extrachromosomal DNA molecules in bacteria and archaea, playing critical roles in horizontal gene transfer, antibiotic resistance, and pathogenicity. Since its first release in 2018, our database on plasmids, PLSDB, has significantly grown and enhanced its content and scope. From 34 513 records contained in the 2021 version, PLSDB now hosts 72 360 entries.

Infiltration of salivary proteins into dentin during erosive processes.

Objective: Ultrastructural analyses showed that during erosion under oral cavity conditions, dentin is infiltrated by a substrate morphologically similar to salivary proteins. This in-situ study aimed to investigate the presence of salivary proteins in demineralized dentin.

Methods: Bovine dentin specimens were attached to individual maxillary splints (n = 1 per subject and condition) and worn intraorally by four subjects for 1 min.

An Ultrastructural, In-Situ Study on the Impact of Desensitizing Agents on Dentin.

Introduction And Aims: With the increasing prevalence of dentin hypersensitivity, more and more desensitizing agents with tubule-occluding properties are advocated in the market. The aim of the present study was to investigate the deposition of these agents on the dentin surface under in-situ conditions.

Methods: Bovine dentin specimens were pretreated with phosphoric acid and fixed to individual upper splints that were carried by up to 2 subjects for 3 min to allow pellicle formation.

Decoding the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of microbiota using pan-body pan-disease microbiomics.

The human microbiome emerges as a promising reservoir for diagnostic markers and therapeutics. Since host-associated microbiomes at various body sites differ and diseases do not occur in isolation, a comprehensive analysis strategy highlighting the full potential of microbiomes should include diverse specimen types and various diseases. To ensure robust data quality and comparability across specimen types and diseases, we employ standardized protocols to generate sequencing data from 1931 prospectively collected specimens, including from saliva, plaque, skin, throat, eye, and stool, with an average sequencing depth of 5.

Extracellular Release of a Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase Correlates With Periodontal Disease Severity.

Aim: Periodontal disease is driven by oral pathogens, including Porphyromonas gingivalis, and the release of inflammatory cytokines. These cytokines (e.g.

In vivo biocompatibility of a new hydrophobic coated Al/AlO nanowire surface on stents.

Background: Intima proliferation and in-stent restenosis is a challenging situation in interventional treatment of small vessel obstruction. Al/AlO nanowires have been shown to accelerate vascular endothelial cell proliferation and migration in vitro, while suppressing vascular smooth muscle cell growth. Moreover, surface modification of Al/AlO nanowires with poly[bis(2,2,2-trifluoromethoxy)phosphazene (PTFEP) coating enables further advantages such as reduced platelet adhesion.

A coating machine for coating filaments with bioactive nanomaterials for extrusion 3D printing.

Extrusion printing based on biocompatible filaments offers a wide variety of targeted medical and dental applications in the area of personalized medicine, if combined with bioactive nanomaterials. However, this requires filament to be coated with bioactive nanomaterial. This study introduces a concept of a machine to coat filament with bioactive nanomaterials and its application.

Skin treatment with non-thermal plasma modulates the immune system through miR-223-3p and its target genes.

Non-thermal plasma, a partially ionized gas, holds significant potential for clinical applications, including wound-healing support, oral therapies, and anti-tumour treatments. While its applications showed promising outcomes, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. We thus apply non-thermal plasma to mouse auricular skin and conducted non-coding RNA sequencing, as well as single-cell blood sequencing.

Erosion protective properties of the enamel pellicle in-situ.

Objectives: Previous studies on short- and long-term pellicles showed that the enamel pellicle provides partial protection against erosion. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective properties of clinically relevant pellicles formed within 2 to 24 h. The hypothesis was that factors such as pellicle formation time, intraoral location, and acidic challenge severity would not influence the erosion-protective properties of the pellicle.

Mibianto: ultra-efficient online microbiome analysis through k-mer based metagenomics.

Quantifying microbiome species and composition from metagenomic assays is often challenging due to its time-consuming nature and computational complexity. In Bioinformatics, k-mer-based approaches were long established to expedite the analysis of large sequencing data and are now widely used to annotate metagenomic data. We make use of k-mer counting techniques for efficient and accurate compositional analysis of microbiota from whole metagenome sequencing.

in Supportive Periodontal Therapy-Are There Already Clinical Effects after 3 Months with One Lozenge a Day? A Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a clinical effect of in supportive periodontal therapy can already be detected with a minimum dose of one tablet a day and a minimum observation and intake period of 3 months.

Materials And Methods: 28 patients with stage III and IV periodontitis undergoing periodontal follow-up were randomly divided into two groups receiving a lozenge containing or a placebo preparation daily for 90 days. After 0, 4, 8, and 12 weeks, the parameters bleeding on probing (BoP), plaque control record (PCR), periodontal probing depth (PPD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were recorded in the test and control groups.

Effects of apical periodontitis treatment on hyperglycaemia in diabetes: A prospective cohort study.

Aim: This prospective cohort study was undertaken to evaluate the success rate of root canal treatment (RCT) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with targeted level and unachieved targeted level of glycaemic control as well as the impact of RCT on the glucose blood level in T2DM patients.

Methodology: Patients needing RCT were divided into three groups: these without T2DM, that is, the control group (CG), those with targeted level of glycated haemoglobin HbA1c < 7% (TL A1c) and the third ones with unachieved targeted level (UTL A1c), that is, with HbA1c ≥ 7%. Before RCT, HbA1c and the periapical index (PAI) score were assessed, as well as 1 year later.

Vesicular Messages from Dental Biofilms for Neutrophils.

The encounter between dental biofilm and neutrophils in periodontitis remains elusive, although it apparently plays a crucial role in the periodontal pathology and constitutes a key topic of periodontology. Dental biofilm and neutrophils were isolated from orally healthy persons and patients with periodontitis. We investigated biofilm and its particle-shedding phenomenon with electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA); biofilm shedding-neutrophil interactions were examined ex vivo with epi-fluorescence microscopy.

Cold Atmospheric Plasma Improves the Colonization of Titanium with Primary Human Osteoblasts: An In Vitro Study.

Several studies have shown that cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) treatment can favourably modify titanium surfaces to promote osteoblast colonization. The aim of this study was to investigate the initial attachment of primary human osteoblasts to plasma-treated titanium. Micro-structured titanium discs were treated with cold atmospheric plasma followed by the application of primary human osteoblasts.

Dental aerosol-producing treatments: Comparison of contamination patterns of face shields and surgical masks.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, dental face shields were recommended to protect the eyes. This study aimed to examine to what extent face shield and mask contamination differ when a pre-procedural mouth rinsing with Chlorhexidine (CHX) is conducted before treatment. In this prospective, randomized study, three groups of subjects were formed (rinsing with 0.

Impact of pH-adjusted fluoride and stannous solutions on the protective properties on the pellicle layer in vitro and in situ.

This study evaluates the ideal pH for anti-erosion and anti-adherent efficacy of fluoride and stannous solutions (sodium fluoride (SF), amine fluoride (AF), sodium monofluorophosphate (SMFP), stannous fluoride (SnF) with 500 ppm fluoride concentration each and stannous chloride (SnCl, 1563 ppm stannous)). In vitro, solutions were tested at pH 4.5 and 5.

Reversion of ACP Nanoparticles into Prenucleation Clusters via Surfactant for Promoting Biomimetic Mineralization: A Physicochemical Understanding of Biosurfactant Role in Biomineralization Process.

Amphiphilic biomolecules are abundant in mineralization front of biological hard tissues, which play a vital role in osteogenesis and dental hard tissue formation. Amphiphilic biomolecules function as biosurfactants, however, their biosurfactant role in biomineralization process has never been investigated. This study, for the first time, demonstrates that aggregated amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) nanoparticles can be reversed into dispersed ultrasmall prenucleation clusters (PNCs) via breakdown and dispersion of the ACP nanoparticles by a surfactant.

Intrafibrillar mineralization of type I collagen with calcium carbonate and strontium carbonate induced by polyelectrolyte-cation complexes.

Calcium carbonate (CaCO), possessing excellent biocompatibility, bioactivity, osteoconductivity and superior biodegradability, may serve as an alternative to hydroxyapatite (HAp), the natural inorganic component of bone and dentin. Intrafibrillar mineralization of collagen with CaCO was achieved through the polymer-induced liquid precursor (PILP) process for at least 2 days. This study aims to propose a novel pathway for rapid intrafibrillar mineralization with CaCO by sequential application of the carbonate-bicarbonate buffer and polyaspartic acid (pAsp)-Ca suspension.

Effect of Polyphenols on the Ultrastructure of the Dentin Pellicle and Subsequent Erosion.

Introduction: Erosive tooth wear is a highly prevalent dental condition that is modified by the ever-present salivary pellicle. The aim of the present in situ study was to investigate the effect of polyphenols on the ultrastructure of the pellicle formed on dentin in situ and a subsequent erosive challenge.

Methods: The pellicle was formed on bovine dentin specimens for 3 min or 2 h in 3 subjects.

Polyelectrolyte-Cation Complexes Using PAsp-Sr Complexes Induce Biomimetic Mineralization with Antibacterial Ability.

Remineralized dentin with an antibacterial ability is still a significant challenge in dentistry. Previously, a polyelectrolyte-calcium complexes pre-precursor (PCCP) process is proposed for rapid collagen mineralization. In the present study, the expansion concept of the PCCP process is explored by replacing the calcium with other cations, such as strontium.