Update on PI-RADS Version 2.1 Diagnostic Performance Benchmarks for Prostate MRI: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background Prostate MRI for the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) is standardized by the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS), currently in version 2.1. A systematic review and meta-analysis infrastructure with a 12-month update cycle was established to evaluate the diagnostic performance of PI-RADS over time.

A Machine Learning Framework Reduces the Manual Workload for Systematic Reviews of the Diagnostic Performance of Prostate Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Unlabelled: Prostate magnetic resonance imaging has become the imaging standard for prostate cancer in various clinical settings, with interpretation standardized according to the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS). Each year, hundreds of scientific studies that report on the diagnostic performance of PI-RADS are published. To keep up with this ever-increasing evidence base, systematic reviews and meta-analyses are essential.

Prediction of upgrade to clinically significant prostate cancer in patients under active surveillance: Performance of a fully automated AI-algorithm for lesion detection and classification.

Background: Multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) improves the detection of aggressive prostate cancer (PCa) subtypes. As cases of active surveillance (AS) increase and tumor progression triggers definitive treatment, we evaluated whether an AI-driven algorithm can detect clinically significant PCa (csPCa) in patients under AS.

Methods: Consecutive patients under AS who received mpMRI (PI-RADSv2.

Quantitative Analysis of Diffusion Weighted Imaging May Improve Risk Stratification of Prostatic Transition Zone Lesions.

Background/aim: To investigate whether quantitative analysis of diffusion weighted images allows for improved risk stratification of transition zone lesions in prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluated according to PI-RADSv2.1 [Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System, target variable: clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa)].

Patients And Methods: Consecutive patients with transition zone lesions in 3T prostate MRI were enrolled in the study.

Validation of color Doppler ultrasound and computed tomography in the radiologic assessment of non-malignant acute splanchnic vein thrombosis.

Introduction: International guidelines propose color Doppler ultrasound (CDUS) and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) as primary imaging techniques in the diagnosis of acute splanchnic vein thrombosis. However, their reliability in this context is poorly investigated. Therefore, the aim of our study was to validate CDUS and CT in the radiologic assessment of acute splanchnic vein thrombosis, using direct transjugular spleno-portography as gold standard.

Phantom study for comparison between computed tomography- and C-Arm computed tomography-guided puncture applied by residents in radiology.

Purpose: Comparison of puncture deviation and puncture duration between computed tomography (CT)- and C-arm CT (CACT)-guided puncture performed by residents in training (RiT).

Methods: In a cohort of 25 RiTs enrolled in a research training program either CT- or CACT-guided puncture was performed on a phantom. Prior to the experiments, the RiT's level of training, experience playing a musical instrument, video games, and ball sports, and self-assessed manual skills and spatial skills were recorded.

Cancer detection rates of the PI-RADSv2.1 assessment categories: systematic review and meta-analysis on lesion level and patient level.

Background: The Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System, version 2.1 (PI-RADSv2.1) standardizes reporting of multiparametric MRI of the prostate.

Chondrogenic Bone Tumors: The Importance of Imaging Characteristics.

Background:  Chondrogenic tumors are the most frequent primary bone tumors. Malignant chondrogenic tumors represent about one quarter of malignant bone tumors. Benign chondrogenic bone tumors are frequent incidental findings at imaging.

MRI phenotype of the prostate: Transition zone radiomics analysis improves explanation of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) serum level compared to volume measurement alone.

Purpose: To determine the value of a radiomics MRI phenotype of the transition zone to explain PSA level in patients with low suspicion for clinically significant cancer to confirm hyperplastic changes.

Materials And Methods: T2 weighted images from 36 consecutive PI-RADS 2 and 3 cases with volume adapted systematic transperineal biopsy as reference standard (all biopsies negative, 34.8 biopsy cores per patient in average, mean PSA level 10.

Direct reprogramming of fibroblasts into renal tubular epithelial cells by defined transcription factors.

Direct reprogramming by forced expression of transcription factors can convert one cell type into another. Thus, desired cell types can be generated bypassing pluripotency. However, direct reprogramming towards renal cells remains an unmet challenge.

MicroRNAs establish robustness and adaptability of a critical gene network to regulate progenitor fate decisions during cortical neurogenesis.

Over the course of cortical neurogenesis, the transition of progenitors from proliferation to differentiation requires a precise regulation of involved gene networks under varying environmental conditions. In order to identify such regulatory mechanisms, we analyzed microRNA (miRNA) target networks in progenitors during early and late stages of neurogenesis. We found that cyclin D1 is a network hub whose expression is miRNA-dosage sensitive.