Differences in Donor Animal Production Stage Affect Repeatability of In Vitro Rumen Fermentation Kinetics.

In vitro gas production techniques (IVGPT) are widely used to screen feeds and feed additives to reduce the number of animals needed for experiments, which in turn, reduces costs and increases animal welfare. However, information about repeatability is scarce. The objective of this study was to evaluate the variation from in vitro gas production fermentations in the same laboratory using the same feed substrate.

Enteric methane emission of dairy cows supplemented with iodoform in a dose-response study.

Enteric methane (CH) emission is one of the major greenhouse gasses originating from cattle. Iodoform has in studies been found to be a potent mitigator of rumen CH formation in vitro. This study aimed to quantify potential of iodoform as an anti-methanogenic feed additive for dairy cows and investigate effects on feed intake, milk production, feed digestibility, rumen microbiome, and animal health indicators.

Effect of Autochthonous Nepalese Fruits on Nutrient Degradation, Fermentation Kinetics, Total Gas Production, and Methane Production in Rumen Fermentation.

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of autochthonous Nepalese fruits on nutrient degradation, fermentation kinetics, total gas production, and methane production in in-vitro rumen fermentation. The fruits of Terminalia chebula (HA), Terminalia bellirica (BA), and Triphala churna (TC), a commercial mixture with equal parts (33.3% DM basis) of Phyllanthus emblica, Terminalia bellirica, and Terminalia chebula, were used.

Microbiome Research as an Effective Driver of Success Stories in Agrifood Systems - A Selection of Case Studies.

Increasing knowledge of the microbiome has led to significant advancements in the agrifood system. Case studies based on microbiome applications have been reported worldwide and, in this review, we have selected 14 success stories that showcase the importance of microbiome research in advancing the agrifood system. The selected case studies describe products, methodologies, applications, tools, and processes that created an economic and societal impact.

Effect of Supplementing Dairy Goat Diets With Rapeseed Oil or Sunflower Oil on Performance, Milk Composition, Milk Fatty Acid Profile, and Fermentation Kinetics.

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of supplementing dairy goat diets with rapeseed oil and sunflower oil on performance, milk composition, milk fatty acid profile, and fermentation kinetics. Nine Danish Landrace goats with 42 ± 5 days in milk were allocated to three treatment groups for 42 days. Animals received a basal diet, formulated with 85:15 forage:concentrate ratio, and the basal diet was supplemented with either rapeseed oil or sunflower oil at 4% of dry matter.

Goat Milk Foodomics. Dietary Supplementation of Sunflower Oil and Rapeseed Oil Modify Milk Amino Acid and Organic Acid Profiles in Dairy Goats.

The dietary supplementation of vegetable oils is known to improve the dietary energy density as well as milk fatty acid profile; however, the impacts on the milk foodome is largely unknown. This study investigated the effect of two different sources of unsaturated fatty acids, rapeseed oil and sunflower oil, as a feeding supplement on the milk foodome from dairy goats. Nine Danish Landrace goats at 42 ± 5 days in milk were allocated to three treatment groups for 42 days with three animals per group.

Nutritive value of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) as a feed for ruminants: in sacco degradability and in vitro gas production.

Replacement of conventional feedstuffs with inexpensive and non-conventional ingredients such as quinoa may improve animal performance and the quality of their products. Quinoa supplementation is believed to have a good nutritive value as a ruminant feed, but evidence is scarce. The present experiment aimed to evaluate the nutritive value of whole, dried quinoa plant (Chenopodium quinoa) as a feed for ruminants.

Short communication: Effects of electrochemically activated drinking water on bovine milk production and composition, including chlorate, perchlorate, and fatty acid profile.

The objective of this study was to assess the effects of electrochemically activated drinking water (ECW) on milk chlorate, milk perchlorate, milk iodine, milk composition, milk fatty acid profile, and overall performance of dairy cows. Ten Red Danish cows in mid-lactation (203 ± 31 d in milk; average ± SD) were chosen from these 2 groups for intensive sampling. The treated group drank water with 4 ppm of ECW (29 mg/L of chlorate of Neuthox, Danish Clean Water A/S, Sønderborg, Denmark).

Response of primiparous and multiparous buffaloes to yeast culture supplementation during early and mid-lactation.

Strains of live yeast have exhibited probiotic effects in ruminants. This study investigated the effects of the dietary yeast supplement, . (Yea-Sacc), on primiparous (PP) and multiparous (MP) Egyptian buffaloes in early to mid-lactation.

Comparative methane estimation from cattle based on total CO production using different techniques.

The objective of this study was to compare the precision of CH estimates using calculated CO by the CO method (COT) and measured CO in the respiration chamber (COR). The COR and COT study was conducted as a 3 × 3 Latin square design where 3 Dexter heifers were allocated to metabolic cages for 3 periods. Each period consisted of 2 weeks of adaptation followed by 1 week of measurement with the COR and COT.

Single primer isothermal amplification (SPIA) combined with next generation sequencing provides complete bovine coronavirus genome coverage and higher sequence depth compared to sequence-independent single primer amplification (SISPA).

Coronaviruses are of major importance for both animal and human health. With the emergence of novel coronaviruses such as SARS and MERS, the need for fast genome characterisation is ever so important. Further, in order to understand the influence of quasispecies of these viruses in relation to biology, techniques for deep-sequence and full-length viral genome analysis are needed.

Genome Sequence of a Bovine Rhinitis B Virus Identified in Cattle in Sweden.

A bovine rhinitis B virus, identified in a calf from Sweden, was genetically characterized. The complete polyprotein was recovered, and phylogenetic analysis showed that this virus has the highest similarity to a bovine rhinitis B virus previously identified in Mexico.

Glycaemic and insulinemic response to dietary carbohydrates in horses.

Background: Dietary sugar and starch affect plasma glucose and insulin concentrations. Little information is available about the effect of dietary fibre on plasma glucose and insulin concentration. It is hypothesized that different dietary fibre compositions will alter post-prandial glycaemic- and insulinemic index of test meals.

Bullying behaviour among Norwegian adolescents: psychiatric diagnoses and school well-being in a clinical sample.

Background: Few studies have focused the association between bullying and psychiatric disorders in clinical samples. The aim of this study was to examine if bullying behaviour was associated with psychiatric disorders and school well-being.

Methods: The cross-sectional study was part of a health survey at St.