SDMPH 10-year Anniversary Conference Modified Delphi Study.

Objectives: The SDMPH 10-year anniversary conference created an opportunity for a researcher to present at a professional association conference to advance their research by seeking consensus of statements using Delphi methodology.

Methods: Conference attendees and SDMPH members who did not attend the conference were identified as Delphi experts. Experts rated their agreement of each statement on a 7- point linear numeric scale.

Enteral Resuscitation: A Field-Expedient Treatment Strategy for Burn Shock during Wartime and in Other Austere Settings.

Burn injuries are a constant threat in war. Aspects of the modern battlefield increase the risk of burn injuries and pose challenges for early treatment. The initial resuscitation of a severely burn-injured patient often exceeds the resources available in front-line medical facilities.

Expression of the tumor antigens NY-ESO-1, tyrosinase, MAGE-A3, and TPTE in pediatric and adult melanoma: a retrospective case control study.

Tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) are potential targets for T cell-based immunotherapy approaches in cutaneous melanoma. BNT111, an investigational lipoplex-formulated mRNA-based therapeutic cancer vaccine encoding melanoma TAAs NY-ESO-1, tyrosinase, MAGE-A3, and TPTE, is undergoing clinical testing in adults. Expression of these TAAs in pediatric melanoma is unclear but is a prerequisite for feasibility of this treatment approach in children with melanoma.

NUT carcinoma in pediatric patients: Characteristics, therapeutic regimens, and outcomes of 11 cases registered with the German Registry for Rare Pediatric Tumors (STEP).

Background And Aims: Nuclear protein of the testis (NUT) carcinoma (NC) is a rare and highly aggressive tumor defined by the presence of a somatic NUTM1 rearrangement, occurring mainly in adolescents and young adults. We analyzed the clinical and biological features of German pediatric patients (≤18 years) with NC.

Methods: This study describes the characteristics and outcome of 11 children with NC registered in the German Registry for Rare Pediatric Tumors (STEP).

UV-radiation and MC1R germline mutations are risk factors for the development of conventional and spitzoid melanomas in children and adolescents.

Background: Genomic characterisation has led to an improved understanding of adult melanoma. However, the aetiology of melanoma in children is still unclear and identifying the correct diagnosis and therapeutic strategies remains challenging.

Methods: Exome sequencing of matched tumour-normal pairs from 26 paediatric patients was performed to study the mutational spectrum of melanomas.

Frontopolar multifocal transcranial direct current stimulation reduces conditioned fear reactivity during extinction training: A pilot randomized controlled trial.

Exposure-based therapies for anxiety and related disorders are believed to depend on fear extinction learning and corresponding changes in extinction circuitry. Frontopolar multifocal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been shown to improve therapeutic safety learning during in vivo exposure and may modulate functional connectivity of networks implicated in fear processing and inhibition. A pilot randomized controlled trial was completed to determine the effects of frontopolar tDCS on extinction learning and memory.

Operative Trauma Courses: A Scoping Review to Inform the Development of a Trauma Surgery Course for Low-Resource Settings.

Background: A multitude of operative trauma courses exist, most of which are designed for and conducted in high-resource settings. There are numerous barriers to adapting such courses to low- and low-middle-income countries (LMICs), including resource constraints and contextual variations in trauma care. Approaches to implementing operative trauma courses in LMICs have not been evaluated in a structured manner.

Latent classes of symptom trajectories during partial hospitalization for major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder.

Background: A variety of treatments have been empirically validated in the treatment of major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder. Researchers commonly evaluate symptom change during treatment using single model curves, however, modeling multiple curves simultaneously allows for the identification of subgroups of patients that progress through treatment on distinct paths.

Methods: Latent growth mixture modeling was used to identify and characterize distinct classes of symptom trajectories among two samples of patients with either MDD or GAD receiving treatment in a daily partial hospital program.

Perioperative Risk Assessment in Humanitarian Settings: A Scoping Review.

Background: No validated perioperative risk assessment models currently exist for use in humanitarian settings. To inform the development of a perioperative mortality risk assessment model applicable to humanitarian settings, we conducted a scoping review of the literature to identify reports that described perioperative risk assessment in surgical care in humanitarian settings and LMICs.

Methods: We conducted a scoping review of the literature to identify records that described perioperative risk assessment in low-resource or humanitarian settings.

Strengthening the emergency health response to children wounded by explosive weapons in conflict.

The 2022 war in Ukraine has highlighted the unacceptable consequences wrought on civilians and health infrastructure by conflict. Children are among the most vulnerable of those affected and constitute an increasing percentage of non-combatants injured in conflicts globally. A disproportionate number of these injuries are caused by blast mechanisms from munitions including 'conventional' landmines and indiscriminate explosive weapons such as barrel bombs and improvised explosive devices.

A broadly tuned network for affective body language in the macaque brain.

Body language is a powerful tool that we use to communicate how we feel, but it is unclear whether other primates also communicate in this way. Here, we use functional magnetic resonance imaging to show that the body-selective patches in macaques are activated by affective body language. Unexpectedly, we found these regions to be tolerant of naturalistic variation in posture as well as species; the bodies of macaques, humans, and domestic cats all evoked a stronger response when they conveyed fear than when they conveyed no affect.

Disparities in detection of suspected child abuse.

Background: Child abuse is a significant cause of injury and death among children, but accurate identification is often challenging. This study aims to assess whether racial disparities exist in the identification of child abuse.

Methods: The 2010-2014 and 2016-2017 National Trauma Data Bank was queried for trauma patients ages 1-17.

Characterization of Humanitarian Trauma Care by US Military Facilities During Combat Operations in Afghanistan and Iraq.

Objective: To characterize humanitarian trauma care delivered by US military treatment facilities (MTFs) in Afghanistan and Iraq during combat operations.

Background: International Humanitarian Law, which includes the Geneva Conventions, defines protections and standards of treatment to victims of armed conflicts. In 1949, these standards expanded to include injured civilians.

Strengthening global health security by improving disease surveillance in remote rural areas of low-income and middle-income countries.

The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the need to strengthen national surveillance systems to protect a globally connected world. In low-income and middle-income countries, zoonotic disease surveillance has advanced considerably in the past two decades. However, surveillance efforts often prioritise urban and adjacent rural communities.

Pediatric casualties in contemporary armed conflict: A systematic review to inform standardized reporting.

Background: Children represent a significant percentage of casualties in modern conflict. Yet, the epidemiology of conflict-related injury among children is poorly understood. A comprehensive analysis of injuries sustained by children in 21-century armed conflict is necessary to inform planning of local, military, and humanitarian health responses.