Colivelin, a synthetic derivative of humanin, ameliorates endothelial injury and glycocalyx shedding after sepsis in mice.

Endothelial dysfunction plays a central role in the pathogenesis of sepsis-mediated multiple organ failure. Several clinical and experimental studies have suggested that the glycocalyx is an early target of endothelial injury during an infection. Colivelin, a synthetic derivative of the mitochondrial peptide humanin, has displayed cytoprotective effects in oxidative conditions.

Tracheostomy decreases continuous analgesia and sedation requirements.

Background: The goals of sedation in the critically ill surgical patient are to minimize pain, anxiety, and agitation without hindering cardiopulmonary function. One potential benefit of tracheostomy during endotracheal intubation is the reduction of sedation and analgesia; however, there are little data to support this supposition. We hypothesized that patients undergoing tracheostomy would have a rapid reduction in sedation and analgesia following tracheostomy.

Deficiency of AMPKα1 Exacerbates Intestinal Injury and Remote Acute Lung Injury in Mesenteric Ischemia and Reperfusion in Mice.

Mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury can ensue from a variety of vascular diseases and represents a major cause of morbidity and mortality in intensive care units. It causes an inflammatory response associated with local gut dysfunction and remote organ injury. Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a crucial regulator of metabolic homeostasis.

The Holstein-Lewis humerus shaft fracture in children: are they different from adults?

Spiral fractures in the distal third humerus shaft (Holstein-Lewis fracture pattern) have been associated with high risk of radial nerve palsy in adults and surgical treatment is recommended as the treatment of choice to remove the entrapped nerve from the fracture site. But this association and treatment approach has not been evaluated in pediatric humerus shaft fractures. In a retrospective study, 38 pediatric patients with Holstein-Lewis fracture configuration were identified after a review of radiographs of 1609 patients with humerus shaft fracture.

Admission thrombelastography does not guide dose adjustment of enoxaparin in trauma patients.

Background: Enoxaparin is used as chemoprophylaxis to reduce incidence of venous thromboembolism and its complications following trauma. Serum anti-Xa monitoring is used to assess efficacy but requires several doses to be administered. Thrombelastography assesses hypercoagulability and may have utility identifying high-risk patients for venous thromboembolism.