The impact of sex and gender on burden for caregivers of stroke patients: A narrative review.

Background: When a patient is disabled after stroke, they require both emotional support and medical management and may require the assistance of a caregiver. Given the often-sudden onset of disability and the complex challenges related to caring for someone after stroke, caregivers can experience a heavy burden. Caregiver burden negatively affects quality of care, quality of life, and physical and psychological health.

The Role of the Vascular Neurologist in Optimizing Stroke Care.

The article summarizes the training pathways and vocational opportunities within the field of vascular neurology. It highlights the groundbreaking clinical trials that transformed acute stroke care and the resultant increased demand for readily available vascular neurology expertise. The article emphasizes the need to train a larger number of diverse physicians in the subspecialty and the role of vascular neurologists in improving outcomes across demographic and geographic lines.

The impact of sex and gender on advanced stroke interventions and end-of-life outcomes after stroke.

Objectives: In this review, we examine the impact of sex and gender on advanced stroke interventions and end-of-life outcomes after stroke and discuss the current theories, available evidence, and gaps in the literature.

Methods: A scoping review of the literature was conducted to determine gender differences on advanced stroke interventions and end-of-life outcomes after stroke. The study team utilized PubMed to conduct a review of the literature and included research studies related to sex, gender, advanced stroke interventions, and end-of-life outcomes after stroke.

Transcarotid Arterial Revascularization of Symptomatic Internal Carotid Artery Disease: A Systematic Review and Study-Level Meta-Analysis.

Background: Transcarotid artery revascularization (TCAR) is an interventional therapy for symptomatic internal carotid artery disease. Currently, the utilization of TCAR is contentious due to limited evidence. In this study, we evaluate the safety and efficacy of TCAR in patients with symptomatic internal carotid artery disease compared with carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and carotid artery stenting (CAS).

Intravenous Thrombolysis for Acute Ischemic Stroke in Patients With Recent Direct Oral Anticoagulant Use: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) is an effective stroke therapy that remains underused. Currently, the use of IVT in patients with recent direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) intake is not recommended. In this study we aim to investigate the safety and efficacy of IVT in patients with acute ischemic stroke and recent DOAC use.

Early Readmissions After Hospitalization for Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome.

Background And Objectives: To evaluate the frequency, etiologies, and risk factors for 90-day readmissions after hospitalization for posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES).

Methods: Data were obtained from the Nationwide Readmissions Database 2016-2018. Patients with a primary diagnosis of PRES, survival to discharge, and known discharge disposition were included.

In-hospital outcomes and recurrence of stroke during pregnancy and puerperium.

Background: There are limited data regarding the best management and outcomes of acute stroke during pregnancy and the puerperium.

Methods: Pregnancy-related hospitalizations with age > 18 years were identified from the Nationwide Readmissions Database 2016-2018. The study cohort consisted of all patients with acute stroke and a 5% random sample of the remaining non-stroke hospitalizations.

Endovascular coiling versus neurosurgical clipping for treatment of ruptured and unruptured intracranial aneurysms during pregnancy and postpartum period.

Background: Selection of appropriate surgical strategy for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms (IA) during pregnancy requires careful consideration of the potential risks to the mother and fetus. However, limited data guide treatment decisions in these patients. We compared the safety profiles of endovascular coiling (EC) and neurosurgical clipping (NC) performed for the treatment of ruptured and unruptured IA during pregnancy and the postpartum period.

Effects of the Menstrual Cycle on Neurological Disorders.

Purpose Of Review: The menstrual cycle involves recurrent fluctuations in hormone levels and temperature via neuroendocrine feedback loops. This paper reviews the impact of the menstrual cycle on several common neurological conditions, including migraine, seizures, multiple sclerosis, stroke, and Parkinson's disease.

Recent Findings: The ovarian steroid hormones, estrogen and progesterone, have protean effects on central nervous system functioning that can impact the likelihood, severity, and presentation of many neurological diseases.

Ischemic stroke and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in pregnancy.

Maternal ischemic stroke and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) are dreaded complications of pregnancy and major contributors to maternal disability and mortality. This chapter summarizes the incidence and risk factors for maternal arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) and CVST and discusses the pathophysiology of maternal AIS and CVST. The diagnosis, treatment, and secondary preventive strategies for maternal stroke are also reviewed.

Inpatient Neurology Consultations During the Onset of the SARS-CoV-2 New York City Pandemic: A Single Center Case Series.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) primarily causes respiratory illness. However, neurological sequelae from novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can occur. Patients with neurological conditions may be at higher risk of developing worsening of their underlying problem.

Current and future uses of probiotics.

The relationship between host and gut microbiota has been the topic of research in recent decades, with particular emphasis on various species of bacteria and their distinct role in health promotion. Early promising research led to the new term probiotic, coined to describe these beneficial bacteria. This early research has laid the foundation for various proposed mechanisms of probiotic effects on health.