Notch3/Hes5 Induces Vascular Dysfunction in Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension Through ER Stress and Redox-Sensitive Pathways.

Background: Notch3 (neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 3) is implicated in vascular diseases, including pulmonary hypertension (PH)/pulmonary arterial hypertension. However, molecular mechanisms remain elusive. We hypothesized increased Notch3 activation induces oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and downstream redox signaling, associated with procontractile pulmonary artery state, pulmonary vascular dysfunction, and PH development.

Waning of SARS-CoV-2 Seropositivity among Healthy Young Adults over Seven Months.

Background: We conducted a longitudinal study to estimate immunity produced in response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection among university students over seven months.

Methods: All participants were attending a public university and resided in Pitt County, North Carolina. University students enrolled weekly for 10 weeks between 26 August 2020 and 28 October 2020, resulting in 136 young adults completing at least one study visit by 17 November 2020.

Exploring Well-Being: Resilience, Stress, and Self-Care in Occupational Therapy Practitioners and Students.

Burnout is increasingly documented in occupational therapy (OT); however, practitioner and student well-being have not been examined to date. The research aim was to explore the relationship between well-being, resilience, stress, and self-care in OT. For this purpose, a cross-sectional survey of practitioners and students was done, including a background survey, World Health Organization-5 Well-Being Index (WHO-5), Brief Resilience Scale (BRS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and Mindful Self-Care Scale (MSCS).

Does a Medical Home Buffer the Association between Child Poverty and Poor Health?

Objective: To evaluate effects of the medical home on health status and health care use among children living in poverty compared with children not living in poverty.

Methods: Data from the 2016-2017 National Survey of Children's Health were used to examine the associations of having a medical home with health outcomes of interest, among children living in poverty and among children not living in poverty.

Results: Among 69,039 children ages 0-17 years, children living in poverty had lower medical home access (31%) compared with those not living in poverty (50%).

"Big" Sounds Bigger in More Widely Spoken Languages.

Larger communities face more communication barriers. We propose that languages spoken by larger communities adapt and overcome these greater barriers by increasing their reliance on sound symbolism, as sound symbolism can facilitate communication. To test whether widely spoken languages are more sound symbolic, participants listened to recordings of the words big and small in widely spoken and less common languages and guessed their meanings.

Outpatient Follow-up Care After Hospital Discharge of Children With Complex Chronic Conditions at a Rural Tertiary Care Hospital.

Objective: To determine factors associated with completion of recommended outpatient follow-up visits in children with complex chronic conditions (CCCs) following hospital discharge.

Methods: We retrospectively identified children aged 1 to 17 years diagnosed with a CCC who were discharged from our rural tertiary care children's hospital between 2017 and 2018 with a diagnosis meeting published CCC criteria. Patients discharged from the neonatal intensive care unit and patients enrolled in a care coordination program for technology-dependent children were excluded.

Which Children Use School-Based Health Services as a Primary Source of Care?

Background: School-based health centers (SBHCs) offer primary and preventive health care for children and adolescents. Using nationally representative data, we aimed to examine which child and family characteristics are associated with using school-based health care providers as the primary source of health care, and whether care received from these providers met the criteria for a medical home.

Methods: Using data from the 2016-2018 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH), we analyzed children's usual source of care (school-based provider, doctor's office or clinic, other location, or none), and whether they received care meeting medical home criteria.

Dissemination of Quality Improvement Project Results After Local Presentation.

Among quality improvement (QI) projects submitted for local presentation, the authors sought to understand how often project results were eventually disseminated through national/international presentation or peer-reviewed journal publication. Projects submitted for local presentation from 2016 to 2019 were linked to resulting publications or national/international conference presentations. Submitting authors were surveyed about their intentions, experience, and satisfaction with the process of disseminating their project results.

Peripheral arteriopathy caused by Notch3 gain-of-function mutation involves ER and oxidative stress and blunting of NO/sGC/cGMP pathway.

Notch3 mutations cause Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), which predisposes to stroke and dementia. CADASIL is characterised by vascular dysfunction and granular osmiophilic material (GOM) accumulation in cerebral small vessels. Systemic vessels may also be impacted by Notch3 mutations.

Bone remodeling and cyclical loading in maxillae of New Zealand white rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus).

Mammalian feeding behaviors are altered when mechanically challenging (e.g., tough, stiff) foods require large bite forces or prolonged mastication.

Sex Differences in Pulmonary Hypertension.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) occurs in women more than men whereas survival in men is worse than in women. In recent years, much research has been carried out to understand these sex differences in PAH. This article discusses clinical and preclinical studies that have investigated the influences of sex, serotonin, obesity, estrogen, estrogen synthesis, and estrogen metabolism on bone morphogenetic protein receptor type II signaling, the pulmonary circulation and right ventricle in both heritable and idiopathic pulmonary hypertension.

Human papillomavirus vaccine series follow-through: comparison of four clinics in an academic medical center.

Objective: The Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC) recommends that the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine series be initiated at ages 11-12 years, but many children never follow-through with the series. By examining differences in clinic-specific vaccine series follow-through rates across four clinics, we aimed to identify best practices related to communication around the vaccine and pathways to follow-through.

Methods: We used the electronic medical record (EMR) to retrospectively analyze HPV vaccine follow-through at four clinic settings.

Concordance of Data on Children's Unmet Health Care Needs Between 2 National Surveys.

Objective: We used public data from 2 national surveys to determine how survey mode and questionnaire wording potentially impact estimated prevalence and predictors of children's unmet health care needs.

Methods: Data from 2016-2017 were obtained for the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), where interviewers ask caregivers about each type of unmet health care need in person, and the National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH), a self-administered questionnaire asking a general question about any unmet health care needs, with subparts about specific types of unmet needs. Weighted proportions and multivariable logistic regression were used to analyze each data set.

The Impact of Medical Financial Hardship on Children's Health.

. To determine whether living in a family with medical financial hardship decreases children's access to health care. .

Peer pressure and alcohol consumption in adults living in the UK: a systematic qualitative review.

Background: Peer pressure to drink alcohol may influence excessive alcohol consumption, which can have adverse impacts on health and wellbeing. While peer pressure to drink alcohol is extensively studied among youth, less examination exists among adults. This systematic review examined qualitative research studies which explored the role and concept of peer pressure within the context of alcohol consumption in adults living in the UK.

Don't be fooled by the fat: A rare case of renal cell carcinoma with intratumoural fat.

Angiomyolipoma (AML) is a benign renal tumour composed of fat, smooth muscle and blood vessels. Radiologic evidence of macroscopic fat within a solid renal lesion on computed tomography was historically thought to be pathognomonic for this condition. Herein, we report a case of an incidental solid renal cell mass with multiple foci of intra-tumoral fat, which was shown to be a clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) at nephrectomy.

Epilepsy-specific patient-reported outcome measures of children's health-related quality of life: A systematic review of measurement properties.

Objective: To identify and appraise published evidence of the measurement properties for epilepsy-specific patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) of children's health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

Methods: We searched multiple databases for studies evaluating the measurement properties of English-language epilepsy-specific PROMs of children's HRQoL. We assessed the methodological quality using the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) guidance.

Notch3 signalling and vascular remodelling in pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Notch signalling is critically involved in vascular morphogenesis and function. Four Notch isoforms (Notch1-4) regulating diverse cellular processes have been identified. Of these, Notch3 is expressed almost exclusively in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), where it is critically involved in vascular development and differentiation.

Estrous cycle-induced sex differences in medium spiny neuron excitatory synaptic transmission and intrinsic excitability in adult rat nucleus accumbens core.

Naturally occurring hormone cycles in adult female humans and rodents create a dynamic neuroendocrine environment. These cycles include the menstrual cycle in humans and its counterpart in rodents, the estrous cycle. These hormone fluctuations induce sex differences in the phenotypes of many behaviors, including those related to motivation, and associated disorders such as depression and addiction.

Reinstating district nursing: A UK perspective.

As policy directives gather pace for service provision to be delivered in primary care, district nursing has not been recognised as a valuable asset to facilitate this agenda. Investment in district nursing and specialist district nursing education has fallen. This is concurrent with an ageing district nursing workforce, a lack of recruitment and growing caseloads, as district nursing adapts to meet the challenges of the complexities of contemporary healthcare in the community.

New fossil remains of from the Lesedi Chamber, South Africa.

The Rising Star cave system has produced abundant fossil hominin remains within the Dinaledi Chamber, representing a minimum of 15 individuals attributed to . Further exploration led to the discovery of hominin material, now comprising 131 hominin specimens, within a second chamber, the Lesedi Chamber. The Lesedi Chamber is far separated from the Dinaledi Chamber within the Rising Star cave system, and represents a second depositional context for hominin remains.

Geological and taphonomic context for the new hominin species Homo naledi from the Dinaledi Chamber, South Africa.

We describe the physical context of the Dinaledi Chamber within the Rising Star cave, South Africa, which contains the fossils of Homo naledi. Approximately 1550 specimens of hominin remains have been recovered from at least 15 individuals, representing a small portion of the total fossil content. Macro-vertebrate fossils are exclusively H.

Anti-plasminogen antibodies compromise fibrinolysis and associate with renal histology in ANCA-associated vasculitis.

Antibodies recognizing plasminogen, a key component of the fibrinolytic system, associate with venous thrombotic events in PR3-ANCA vasculitis. Here, we investigated the prevalence and function of anti-plasminogen antibodies in independent UK and Dutch cohorts of patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV). We screened Ig isolated from patients (AAV-IgG) and healthy controls by ELISA.