Platelet dysfunction reversal with cold-stored vs room temperature-stored platelet transfusions.

Platelets are stored at room temperature for 5 to 7 days (room temperature-stored platelets [RSPs]). Because of frequent and severe shortages, the US Food and Drug Administration recently approved up to 14-day cold-stored platelets (CSPs) in plasma. However, the posttransfusion function of CSPs is unknown and it is unclear which donors are best suited to provide either RSPs or CSPs.

Loss of 12-Lipoxygenase Improves the Post-Transfusion Function of Stored Platelets.

Background: Platelets for transfusion are stored for 5 to 7 days. Previous studies have shown that HETE levels in the storage bag negatively correlate with platelet performance in vivo, suggesting that the dysregulation of bioactive lipid mediators may contribute to the storage lesion. In the current study, we sought to understand how genetic deletion and pharmacological inhibition of 12-LOX (12-lipoxygenase) affects platelets during storage and after transfusion.

Natural Habitat Design for Zoo-Housed Elasmobranch and Teleost Fish Species Improves Behavioural Repertoire and Space Use in a Visitor Facing Exhibit.

This study investigated the behaviour of two Elasmobranch species; Southern fiddler ray (, = 1) and Port Jackson shark (, = 4) and two teleost species; moonlighter (, = 1) and banded morwong (, = 1) living within a single enclosure. For this study, two treatments were compared, the original enclosure design, and then after the enclosure had been renovated to more closely represent the species natural habitats, with a raised front viewing glass to prevent visitor interaction. Behaviours such as resting, swimming and abnormal behaviours such as surface and perimeter swimming (elasmobranchs only) were recorded as well as location within the enclosure, for 10 days pre and 10 days post renovation.

Technological innovation in the recovery and analysis of 3D forensic footwear evidence: Structure from motion (SfM) photogrammetry.

The recovery of three-dimensional footwear impressions at crime scenes can be a challenge but can also yield important investigative data. Traditional methods involve casting 3D impressions but these methods have limitations: the trace is usually destroyed during capture; the process can be time consuming, with a risk of failure; and the resultant cast is bulky and therefore difficult to share and store. The use of Structure from Motion (SfM) photogrammetry has been used widely to capture fossil footprints in the geological record and while there is a small body of work advocating its use in forensic practice the full potential of this technique has yet to be realised in an operational context.

Recovery via SfM photogrammetry of latent footprint impressions in carpet.

Impression evidence retained in carpet is usually recovered, if at all, in two dimensions via a vertical photograph. Here, we show that recovery is also possible via SfM photogrammetry and this gives good quality results that allow digital measurements both in the x-y plane and by depth (z-axis). This study focuses on recovery from polypropylene carpets which are widespread due to their resistance to wear and low cost.

Recovery of 3D footwear impressions using a range of different techniques.

Three-dimensional (plastic) footwear impressions are frequently found at, or in the vicinity of a crime scene, and may provide a valuable form of evidence or intelligence. This paper compares the traditional methods of casting and/or two-dimensional photography with Structure from Motion (SfM) photogrammetry. We focus both on the recovery of class characteristics (sole pattern) and randomly acquired characteristics caused by damage.

A Preliminary Study Investigating the Impact of Musical Concerts on the Behavior of Captive Fiordland Penguins () and Collared Peccaries ().

Captive animal welfare is important for establishments that exhibit species for education, conservation, and research. However, captive animals are often exposed to a number of potential stressors, such as visitors and anthropogenic noise. We aimed to identify the impact of a concert series on the behaviour of Fiordland penguins (; = 2), and solitary- ( = 1) or group- ( = 4)-housed collared peccaries ().

Empirical Evaluation of the Reliability of Photogrammetry Software in the Recovery of Three-Dimensional Footwear Impressions.

This paper examines the reliability of Structure from Motion (SfM) photogrammetry as a tool in the capture of forensic footwear marks. This is applicable to photogrammetry freeware DigTrace but is equally relevant to other SfM solutions. SfM simply requires a digital camera, a scale bar, and a selection of oblique photographs of the trace in question taken at the scene.

Individual Ranging Behaviour Patterns in Commercial Free-Range Layers as Observed through RFID Tracking.

In this exploratory study, we tracked free-range laying hens on two commercial flocks with Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology with the aim to examine individual hen variation in range use. Three distinct outdoor zones were identified at increasing distances from the shed; the veranda [0-2.4 m], close range [2.

Relationship of depression to diabetes types 1 and 2: epidemiology, biology, and treatment.

This article reviews the rapidly accumulating literature on the relationship between mood disorders and diabetes mellitus. Recent studies have demonstrated that depression and its associated symptoms constitute a major risk factor in the development of type 2 diabetes and may accelerate the onset of diabetes complications. Since the mid-1980s, multiple longitudinal and cross-sectional studies have scrutinized the association of diabetes with depressive symptoms and major depression.

Platelet activation and secretion in patients with major depression, thoracic aortic atherosclerosis, or renal dialysis treatment.

Relatively little is known concerning the magnitude of alterations of platelet activation and secretion markers of patients with major depression when compared to patients at increased risk for, or with current, clinically significant atherosclerosis. Markers of in vivo platelet stimulation and secretion were measured under basal conditions in normal comparison subjects (n = 12) and three patient groups: patients diagnosed with DSM-IV major depression (n = 15), dialysis-dependent patients (n = 12), and patients with severe thoracic aortic atherosclerosis (n = 10). In comparison to normal comparison subjects, depressed patients and patients with thoracic aortic atherosclerosis exhibited the greatest platelet stimulation as detected by increased anti-LIBS platelet binding.