Gene signature of children with severe respiratory syncytial virus infection.

Background: The limited treatment options for children with severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection highlights the need for a comprehensive understanding of the host cellular response during infection. We aimed to identify host genes that are associated with severe RSV disease and to identify drugs that can be repurposed for the treatment of severe RSV infection.

Methods: We examined clinical data and blood samples from 37 hospitalized children (29 mild and 8 severe) with RSV infection.

Norovirus-specific immunoglobulin A in breast milk for protection against norovirus-associated diarrhea among infants.

Background: Norovirus (NV) causes acute gastroenteritis in infants. Humoral and fecal immunoglobulin A (IgA) responses have been correlated with protection against NV; however, the role of breast milk IgA against NV infection and associated diarrhea is still unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the protective role of NV-specific IgA (NV-IgA) in breast milk.