Tianeptine Exposures Reported to United States Poison Centers, 2015-2023.

Introduction: Tianeptine is an atypical tricyclic antidepressant not approved for medical use in the US but is found in dietary supplements. This study investigates single-substance tianeptine exposures reported to US poison centers.

Methods: We analyzed cases involving tianeptine reported to the National Poison Data System from 2015 to 2023.

Gabapentin and pregabalin exposures reported to United States poison centers, 2012-2022.

Background: Gabapentin and pregabalin were originally introduced as anticonvulsant medications but are now also prescribed on- and off-label for multiple medical disorders, especially for pain management. The national opioid crisis has led to increased use of non-opioid pain medications, including gabapentinoids, which has been associated with changing patterns of adverse events associated with these medications. This study investigated the characteristics and trends of gabapentin and pregabalin exposures reported to US poison centers from 2012 to 2022.

Xylazine awareness and attitudes among people who use drugs in Ohio, 2023-2024.

Background: The prevalence of xylazine, a non-opioid tranquilizer not for human consumption, in illicitly manufactured fentanyl is increasing in the United States. However, little is known about xylazine awareness and attitudes among people who use drugs.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey of people who use drugs in Ohio was conducted from November 2023 - May 2024 to identify xylazine awareness and attitudes in rural and urban counties across the state.

Therapeutic errors involving diabetes medications reported to United States poison centers.

Background: To investigate the characteristics and trends of therapeutic errors that occur outside of healthcare facilities involving diabetes medications reported to US poison centers.

Methods: National Poison Data System data from 2000 to 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: There were 157,623 exposure cases of non-healthcare facility-related therapeutic errors associated with diabetes medications as the primary substance reported to US poison centers from 2000 to 2021.

Delta-8 Tetrahydrocannabinol Exposures Reported to US Poison Centers: Variations Among US States and Regions and Associations with Public Policy.

Introduction: This study investigated exposures involving ∆8-tetrahydrocannabinol (∆8-THC) reported to US poison centers (PCs), including variation among states and regions. It evaluated whether the ∆8-THC exposure rate was lower among states with ∆8-THC regulations and states where cannabis (∆9-THC) use was legal.

Methods: National Poison Data System data for ∆8-THC exposures in 2021-2022 were analyzed, including comparisons of state and regional population-based exposure rates.

Delta-8 tetrahydrocannabinol, delta-10 tetrahydrocannabinol, and tetrahydrocannabinol-O acetate exposures reported to America's Poison Centers.

Introduction: Since the passage of the Farm Bill in 2018, the availability of synthetic tetrahydrocannabinols has increased, including delta-8 tetrahydrocannabinol, delta-10 tetrahydrocannabinol, and tetrahydrocannabinol-O acetate. The objective of this study is to investigate the characteristics of delta-8 tetrahydrocannabinol, delta-10 tetrahydrocannabinol, and tetrahydrocannabinol-O acetate exposures reported to United States poison centers from 2021 to 2022.

Methods: National Poison Data System data were analyzed, including year, individual demographics, substance category and type, reason for exposure, highest level of health care received, and medical outcome.

Evaluation of the relationship of xylazine and fentanyl blood concentrations among fentanyl-associated fatalities.

Introduction: Illicit fentanyl and fentanyl-analogs have produced a devastating increase in opioid fatalities in the United States. Increasingly, xylazine has been found in the illicit fentanyl supply. The role of xylazine in fentanyl intoxication remains unclear.

Pediatric extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation for yew cardiotoxicity.

Introduction: English yew is an evergreen conifer frequently planted in household gardens and, when ingested in large doses, results in severe cardiotoxicity characterized by difficult to control ventricular arrhythmias with high rates of mortality.

Case Report: A previously healthy teenage female presented as an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with refractory ventricular arrhythmias and severe biventricular dysfunction. Due to rapid deterioration in her clinical status, she was cannulated onto venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) which resulted in rapid normalization of her rhythm and ventricular function.

Should Clinicians Prescribe Non-FDA Regulated Dietary Supplements When Caring for Children With Hypovitaminosis D?

Hypovitaminosis D is a prevalent micronutrient deficiency that can be severe and hard to treat in children with short bowel syndrome, a condition treated with substantial bowel resection. Surgically altered bowel anatomy then results in iatrogenic digestion and absorption limitations that require short- and long-term management and follow-up. Care of children with hypovitaminosis D standardly includes prescription dietary micronutrient supplementation, sometimes in irregularly high doses.

Magnet Injuries in Children: An Analysis of the National Poison Data System from 2008 to 2019.

Objective: To examine, using the National Poison Data System (the data warehouse for poison control centers in the US), magnet foreign body injuries in pediatric patients. We sought to report demographic data, outcome data, and case trends between 2008 and 2019.

Study Design: We conducted a retrospective analysis of the National Poison Data System for patients younger than 19 years of age with a magnet "exposure," which poison centers define as an ingestion, inhalation, injection, or dermal exposure to a poison.

Cleaning and Disinfectant Chemical Exposures and Temporal Associations with COVID-19 - National Poison Data System, United States, January 1, 2020-March 31, 2020.

On January 19, 2020, the state of Washington reported the first U.S. laboratory-confirmed case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2 (1).

Evaluation of toxicity after acute accidental methotrexate ingestions in children under 6 years old: a 16-year multi-center review.

Context: There is little data on the frequency of adverse events following acute methotrexate ingestions in pediatric patients. Likewise, recommendations for observation length, site and management strategies in this population are not well established. Therefore, most recommendations are modeled after management of chronic overdose in patients with underlying medical conditions.

Characterization of drug overdoses in an Ohio incarcerated population.

Context: Literature exists about drug overdose following release of recently incarcerated individuals and mortality among prisoners in the United States, but little information exists about drug overdoses in the imprisoned population.

Objective: This study aims to quantify and describe prisoner medication overdose requiring inpatient admission or assessment at a tertiary care facility and to assess the associated hospital charges.

Materials And Methods: A single-center, retrospective cohort study was conducted on all Ohio Department of Rehabilitation and Correction inmates who presented to The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center with drug overdose between 15 October 2011 and 14 October 2014.

Fluoropolymer-associated illness.

Context: Isolated outbreaks of respiratory illness associated with fluoropolymer-containing products, such as waterproofing agents and sealants, have occurred for many years in many different countries. Despite this, an assured mechanism of illness is not defined, representing a barrier to the prevention of future occurrences.

Objective: To discuss the epidemiology of the respiratory illness outbreaks, proposed mechanisms of toxicity and clinical outcomes from exposure to these products.

Thyrotoxicosis after a massive levothyroxine ingestion in a 3-year-old patient.

Most children with exploratory levothyroxine ingestions remain asymptomatic or suffer only minor effects, and most patients can be managed in the home or with supportive care in the hospital. We present a case of a 3-year-old girl who was found after a witnessed massive ingestion of levothyroxine. The patient was initially seen in an emergency department and discharged in stable condition, only to return 4 days after ingestion with thyrotoxicosis, hypertension, tachycardia, 24 hours of persistent vomiting, and clinical and laboratory evidence of dehydration.

Overdose of drugs for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: clinical presentation, mechanisms of toxicity, and management.

The prevalence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in the USA is estimated at approximately 4-9% in children and 4% in adults. It is estimated that prescriptions for ADHD medications are written for more than 2.7 million children per year.