The Combined Effects of Adverse and Positive Childhood Experiences on Adolescent Bullying Victimization and Perpetration.

Bullying is a persistent social and behavioral problem in the United States. Bullying victimization and perpetration are linked to a host of negative physical, social, and emotional outcomes. Research suggests that a key risk factor for bullying behaviors is adverse childhood experiences (ACEs).

The combined effects of adverse childhood experiences and neighborhood quality on child health and well-being.

Background: Many studies have investigated the effects of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on the health, development, and well-being of children and adolescents. However, most studies have failed to examine whether childhood adversity and ecological factors interact to influence relevant health outcomes.

Objective: We used pooled data from the 2018-19 National Survey of Children's Health (n = 24,817) to assess the relationship between ACEs, neighborhood quality, and three domains of adolescent health and well-being: mental health (i.