Use of Hausdorff Distance and Computer Modelling to Evaluate Virtual Surgical Plans with Three-Dimensional Printed Guides against Freehand Techniques for Navicular Bone Repair in Equine Orthopaedics.

Objective:  The aim of this study was to evaluate the surgical execution of a virtual surgical plan (VSP) with three-dimensional (3D) guides against a freehand approach in the equine navicular bone using an automated computer analysis technique.

Study Design:  Eight pairs of cadaveric forelimb specimens of adult horses were used in an experimental study design with modelling. Limbs received either a 3.