Early high-dose vasopressors in refractory septic shock: A cohort study.

Purpose: Septic shock refractory to high-dose vasopressors confers unacceptably high mortality, however, the impact of timing of peak vasopressor dose exposure on outcomes is unknown.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included adults who required a vasopressor dose ≥0.5 μg/kg/min norepinephrine-equivalents in the first 24 h of septic shock.

Optimized biomimetic minerals maintain activity of mRNA complexes after long term storage.

mRNA therapeutics can be readily designed, manufactured, and brought to scale, as demonstrated by widespread global vaccination against COVID-19. However, mRNA therapies require cold chain shipment and storage from manufacturing to administration, which may limit them to affluent communities. This problem could be addressed by mimicking the known ability of mineralized fossils to durably stabilize nucleic acids under extreme conditions.

Cardiac Vagal Control Among Community Cigarette Smokers with Low to Moderate Depressive Symptoms.

Impairments in cardiac vagal control (CVC) have been independently linked to smoking status and depression and are implicated in self-regulatory processes that may exacerbate depressive symptoms and maintain smoking behavior. Yet, few studies have examined how depressive symptoms, even at low levels, influence CVC reactivity among individuals who smoke. Investigating these relationships may provide novel insights into how depressive symptoms exacerbate existing regulatory vulnerabilities among smokers.

Nucleoside analogs in ADAR guide strands targeting 5'-UA̲ sites.

Adenosine deaminases that act on RNA (ADARs) can be directed to predetermined sites in transcriptomes by forming duplex structures with exogenously delivered guide RNAs (gRNAs). They can then catalyze the hydrolytic deamination of adenosine to inosine in double stranded RNA, which is read as guanosine during translation. High resolution structures of ADAR2-RNA complexes revealed a unique conformation for the nucleotide in the guide strand base paired to the editing site's 5' nearest neighbor (-1 position).

Difficulties in emotion regulation and ad libitum smoking topography: A secondary analysis.

Introduction: Despite the well-known linkages between poor emotion regulation and subjective smoking motives, little is known about the role of emotion regulation in predicting smoking reinforcement behavior. This study examined the relation between difficulties in emotion regulation and puff velocity data, a behavioral index of smoking reinforcement, in adult daily cigarette smokers.

Method: The current study was a secondary analysis of data collected from non-treatment seeking daily smokers (N = 124).

An Examination of Cardiac Vagal Control Indices and Cognitive Stress Appraisal in Cigarette Smokers.

Identifying factors that influence how individuals who smoke cigarettes respond to stress is important as stress is a risk factor for smoking and its maintenance. This study examined the modulatory role of cardiac vagal control (CVC), a physiological correlate of self-regulation, on cognitive stress appraisal processes of adults who smoke. Sixty daily cigarette smokers were randomized to receive positive or negative feedback during a modified Trier Social Stress Test.

A pilot randomized controlled trial of smartphone-assisted mindfulness-based intervention with contingency management for smokers with mood disorders.

Unlabelled: Cigarette smoking disproportionately affects individuals with mood disorders, but smoking cessation interventions have modest effects in this population. Home mindfulness practice during abstinence incentivized via contingency management (CM) may help those in affective distress quit smoking.

Method: Adult smokers receiving outpatient psychiatric treatment for mood disorders were randomized to receive a smartphone-assisted mindfulness-based smoking cessation intervention with contingency management (SMI-CM, = 25) or enhanced standard treatment (EST, = 24) with noncontingent rewards.

Respiratory therapy for the treatment of anxiety: Meta-analytic review and regression.

Objective: Respiratory abnormalities are a hallmark of anxiety symptomatology and may serve as clinically useful modifiers for alleviating anxiety symptoms. However, gold-standard anxiety treatments (e.g.

Factors related to cigarette smoking and intent to quit among adolescent inpatients with psychiatric and substance use disorders.

Purpose: Smoking behaviors and intent to quit have not been well studied among adolescent psychiatric patients. The current study examined the relationships between smoking-related variables (smoking status/heaviness and intent to quit), psychiatric diagnoses and symptomatology, and substance use among adolescents receiving psychiatric inpatient care.

Methods: Baseline data from a randomized controlled trial, testing the effect of a brief intervention on substance use, with 151 psychiatrically hospitalized adolescents with comorbid psychiatric and substance use disorders (diagnosed using semi-structured interviews) were examined for this study.

Rationale, design and pilot feasibility results of a smartphone-assisted, mindfulness-based intervention for smokers with mood disorders: Project mSMART MIND.

Background: Although individuals with psychiatric disorders are disproportionately affected by cigarette smoking, few outpatient mental health treatment facilities offer smoking cessation services. In this paper, we describe the development of a smartphone-assisted mindfulness smoking cessation intervention with contingency management (SMI-CM), as well as the design and methods of an ongoing pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) targeting smokers receiving outpatient psychiatric treatment. We also report the results of an open-label pilot feasibility study.