International travel is a risk factor for extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae acquisition in children: A case-case-control study in an urban U.S. hospital.

Background: Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL) infections are increasing in both adults and children. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology of children with ESBL in an ethnically-diverse population, to determine what proportion of these infections were community-onset, and to identify risk factors predisposing children to ESBL acquisition.

Methods: A case-case-control study of children aged 0-18 years was conducted from 2012 to 2014.