The interaction of heavy metals with urban soils: sorption behaviour of Cd, Cu, Cr, Pb and Zn with a typical mixed brownfield deposit.

This study investigated the sorption characteristics and release of selected heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Cr, Pb and Zn) from a typical urban soil material from a derelict brownfield site in Western Scotland, UK. The study aimed to evaluate contaminant interactions with an urban substrate, comprising a mix of mineral soil and residue materials (e.g.